Hypothesis and Assumptions PDF

Hypothesis - tentative prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in a population under study (Polit, 2007) - translates a research question into a prediction of expected outcomes - could either be accepted or rejected Kinds of Hypothesis 1. Simple Hypothesis - fo...

Hypothesis - tentative prediction about the relationship between two or more variables in a population under study (Polit, 2007) - translates a research question into a prediction of expected outcomes - could either be accepted or rejected Kinds of Hypothesis 1. Simple Hypothesis - formulated when predicting a relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable Kinds of Hypothesis 1. Simple Hypothesis Example: The nature of teachers is related to the nature of the students. There is a relationship between the level of exercise and weight retention among elementary school children. Kinds of Hypothesis 2. Complex Hypothesis - formulated when predicting the relationships of two or more independent variables to two or more dependent variables Kinds of Hypothesis 2. Complex Hypothesis Example: There is no significant relationship between the profile, classroom leadership, and management skills and the school’s performance of Sunday school teachers. The personal profile and professional profile of subject coordinators affect the level of performance of the teachers. Kinds of Hypothesis 3. Directional Hypothesis - specifies not only the existence but also the expected direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables Kinds of Hypothesis 3. Directional Hypothesis Example: The types of promotional campaigns positively affect the level of patronage of customers. The higher the intake of fiber, the lower is the weight of the physical mass. Kinds of Hypothesis 4. Non-directional Hypothesis - does not stipulate the direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables Kinds of Hypothesis 4. Non-directional Hypothesis Example: Women with different levels of postpartum depression differ with regard to weight retention. The number of hours spent in reviewing is associated with the level of performance in periodical exams. Kinds of Hypothesis 5. Null Hypothesis formulated for the purpose of statistical analysis always expressed as a negative statement; subjected to testing Kinds of Hypothesis 5. Null Hypothesis Example: There is no significant relationship between the reasons for using alternative medicine and the level of comfort of the patients. The traits of the middle-level managers do not significantly affect the productivity level of crews in food chains. Kinds of Hypothesis 5. Research Hypothesis states the actual expected relationships between variables always expressed affirmatively; called substantive or scientific hypotheses Assumptions propositions taken to be true based upon the presupposition without preponderance of the facts The Relationship Between the Psychosocial Health Effects of Stress and the Coping Mechanism of Nursing Student Mothers (Ancero, et al., 2010) The following assumptions are enumerated by the researchers: Disorders can be acquired from abnormal stress response. Different sources of stress can be managed through a healthy way of response. Managing stress with exercise can prevent negative physical and mental health effects. There are techniques and strategies to follow in order to be successful in coping.