HME 2 Culinary Nutrition PDF

**HME 2 (Culinary Nutrition)** **Lesson 9** **Proper Diets for Pregnant Woman and Babies** **Micronutrients that are good for mother and child?** Particular micronutrients present in different foods have specific health benefits for a mother and her unborn baby. ***Manganese***--- [ a mineral f...

**HME 2 (Culinary Nutrition)** **Lesson 9** **Proper Diets for Pregnant Woman and Babies** **Micronutrients that are good for mother and child?** Particular micronutrients present in different foods have specific health benefits for a mother and her unborn baby. ***Manganese***--- [ a mineral found in many different foods,] manganese aids the formation of bone, cartilage, and connective tissues in the growing fetus. ***Magnesium***--- aids fetal bone and muscle development and can help prevent the uterus from contracting prematurely. ***Folate***--- folic acid (vitamin B9) is essential for the development of unborn babies. (especially in spinal cord development). ***Copper***--- plays an important role in the formation of a baby's heart, blood vessels, blood cells, and skeletal and nervous system. ***Iodine***--- is important for the growth and development of the brain and nervous system. ***Calcium***--- essential mineral in the formation of bones and teeth, so ensuring enough calcium in your diet is crucial during pregnancy. ***Iron***--- both the placenta and the growing fetus place heavy demands on the mothers' supply of iron. Iron intake must increase to supply the placenta and to create the fetus's new blood cells. ***Choline***---only recently classified as an essential nutrient, choline is key in the development of the brain and spinal cord. ***Foods to Avoid*** Some foods that can be usually eaten as part of a healthy diet pose a risk during pregnancy, either because they carry a higher than average risk of food poisoning or because they contain specific organisms or toxins that can be passed on from the mother to unborn baby and affect its development. Caffeine Alcohol Soft and blue cheese Game meat Liver Fish Undercooked meat Multivitamins **Diet for Babies** ***Birth- 6 months*** ***Liquid diet***--- Mother produces colostrum for a few days after giving birth, then breast milk. Breast milk has the right balance of nutrients for newborns, help boost their immune system, and establish their gut bacteria. ***6-9 Months*** ***First solids***--- Babies often dislike a food the first time they taste it, so it is good to introduce new foods one at a time, repeating each one even if they react negatively. Cup of water offered at meal times. Pureed food introduced. Breast milk or formula still the major part of the diet. ***9-12 Months*** ***Changing gut microbes***---by the end of their first year, the type of bacteria in a baby's gut begin to look more like an adult's. Meat, fish, and dairy should now form part of the diet. ***Young Children*** ***1-2 years*** ***Milk alternatives***---from 1 year old, the baby's intestines are able to digest the higher casein content of full fat cow's milk. Starchy food, such as butternut squash and grains should now be part of meals. Diet continue to include protein, such as chicken. ***2-5 years*** ***Growing needs***---Breakfast cereal is a good way to combine grains and dairy in a meal. Fruit juice can be given with a meal, once a day. ***5+ years*** ***Grown-up foods***---children's diet is ideally, varied and similar to an adult. Salt should not be added because of the potential harmful effect on kidneys. Low-fat or skimmed milk is now fine as children will get enough calories from food.