History Midterm Review PDF

Matching Section(Fill in the Blank) 20 40 Multiple Choice 4 Essay Q 1. Describe Paul Wottens reaction to the arrival of English in Chesapeake - He felt as he was disrupted in his way of life, he felt threatened by the English ways and life, the...

Matching Section(Fill in the Blank) 20 40 Multiple Choice 4 Essay Q 1. Describe Paul Wottens reaction to the arrival of English in Chesapeake - He felt as he was disrupted in his way of life, he felt threatened by the English ways and life, the English were invasive and ignored the Americans’ rights, he resisted to the English as they were taking the Natives and the Americans rights 2. Effects of Navigation Acts on Farmers - - List Navigation Acts and describe the effects on the people( 4 acts) 1651: goods imported from England or to English colonies must be transported on english vessels - Farmers could not sell their products to certain places or markets; solely relying on the English means it was more expensive 1660: Only certain goods could be exported such as sugar, tobacco, ginger, and indigo - These farmers had limited crop diversity; they also had to rely on English markets 1673: taxes on goods going and to foreign markets - Higher costs to farmers because of taxes; had to fight with administrators because of all the regulations 1696: tightened all the regulations - Led farmers to not make as much money as they could only go to English ports and markets 3. What is The Middle Passage - Where did African slaves come from, how they got caught(what the passage was like), and what happened to them when they got here - Use Africans as slavers; chain them; and took them to enclaves; put them in dungeons; then to the bottom of the boat - As they were in the ships(bottom); chained in the dark and dirty; 6-8wks; thrown overboard if sick - As they got here it was a seasoning period; 1 yr long exposure; sold upon arrival(newspaper, auction, scramble, etc); 4. How did the Black Death refine the way of life when going to the Americas - Number of deaths leads to answers - Suddenly there was a dramatic drop in the number of able-bodied adults available to do work, which meant survivors could charge more for their labor. At the same time, fewer people meant a decreased demand for foods, goods and housing—and as a result, the prices for all three dropped. Created a better life for those who survived. REVIEW FOR EXAM ○ John Rolfe(who he is, cultivated)  Colonist and soldier that married Pocahauntus, cultivated the tobacco industry; first settler within the colony of Virginia ○ Mayans, Olmecs, Aztecs (where they were and why are they unique) Olmecs: city builders, first sports, Meso-America Aztecs: blood sacrifices, Central Mexico, Guatemala(modern day), sophisticated, Gods of sun and night Mayans: civilizations of farmers, writing system, made numbers ○ Middle Passage!! (essay q, multiple choice, and matching) ○ Franciscans Mission people and Pueblo people in the Appalaches and parts of Mexico ○ Separatists Puritan people who left the church of England ○ Congregationalism The theory of church government which says that every body of believers should be independent and self governing ○ Enlightenment(rationalism) The enlightenment was a movement to a reformed christianity, sparked revivals to come to the religion the colonists wanted to spread Presbyterian and Baptists sparked John Locke and Ben Franklin ○ Roger Williams Led to the colonization of present day Rhode Island separation of church and state, land policy, and friendly relations with the Indians into practice ○ Predestination Determined by God to be saved ○ Navigation Acts Essay Q Excluded Dutch and French vessels from American ports Revenue Act of 1763--tax on American exports of sugar and tobacco Many colonists violated the acts and continued to trade with French and Dutch Protected South Atlantic System 1651 The first Navigation Act, which required all trade between England and the colonies to be carried out by English or colonial ships. This act was aimed at the Dutch and led to the Anglo-Dutch War in 1652. 1660 This act expanded on the policies of the 1651 act and specified that certain goods, such as sugar, tobacco, cotton, wool, indigo, and ginger, could only be shipped to England or an English province. 1663  This act reiterated earlier rules and added that all goods shipped to the colonies from Europe had to pass through England first, where they could be taxed. 1696 This act further developed and tightened the Navigation Acts. - Bering Strait Relevance Created a passage for Native American ancestors to come to Alaska and migrate to the US ○ Mayflower Compact Laid foundations for Declaration and Constitution Democratic form of government ○ Review Anne Hutchinson's Life Story(heresy and got tried) Questioned predestination and salvation Thought salvation couldn't be achieved just through good deeds. Believed in a Covenant of Grace (salvation through forgiveness of sin) not a Covenant of Works Banished, went to Rhode Island ○ Crops Lucrative in the 1600s Sugar, tobacco, rice Sister: maize, beans, squash ○ Anasazi(where) Ancestors of Pueblo 4 corners of US(Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona) 100-300 AD Sister crops 30000 population Jewelry (made) ○ England in 1500 pushed for religious freedom Church of England broke away from the Catholic Church ○ Jamestown(successful or not, Paul Wotten leading to it) Not successful ○ What was Experiment for Colonization called for the English Georgia Experiment ○ Sir Humphry Gilbert and Walter Raleigh(what did they do for colonization) Humphrey: gained patent for land in North America and expedition, led to New Foundland and first attempt of colonization laid groundwork for future colonizations Raleigh: his expedition was to the lost Roanoke colony; he sent people there to try and make it successful with what they learned over the years about the failures ○ Roanoke Colony(what happened) So called “lost colony”; John White left, returned 3 Years later and everything was gone ○ Indentured Servants(always in servitude)  A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. Before 1800 most were Europeans; after 1800 most indentured laborers were Asians. ○ What European Power displaced the most Native Americans The British ○ Pocahontas and John Smith Story Pocahontas helped save John Smith when he got captured? She then got captured and converted to Christianity while being named Rebecca Married John Rolfe They moved to a new area and possibly had an encounter with White as he was big into the new settlements and colonizing ○ Virginia House of Burgesses in relation to Bacons Rebellion Uprise against Berkeley on his thoughts of the Indians attacks ○ Tobacco Cultivation(where was it successful) John Rolfe in Jamestown; first successful tobacco ○ Puritans with Relation to Salem Witch Trials The Puritans believed witchcraft was God's punishment for sin, either by allowing the Devil to convert so many witches or by turning fearful people against innocent neighbors. ○ Magna Carta(what was it) First document that the law is above all authority and power of government ○ Bacons Rebellion Nathanial Bacon 1676: Bacon leads group of armed men to Jamestown to protest ineffective efforts to curtail Indian attacks 1689: in Maryland, John Coode leads a small army to challenge the proprietary government Rebellion leads to the revocation of the Calvert’s charter Growing Stability Cooperation among planters ○ Mercantilism(essay q) An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought