Muslims in South Asia - History 7th ch4 PDF

# Muslims In South Asia ## Unit 04 **His most well-known conquest was that of Somnath in 1024 AD. Somnath was a city in Gujrat, Kathiawar, and was ruled by a Hindu king Bhima I. This city was known for its famous temple where the Hindus used to worship their idols. Mehmud Ghaznavi launched a massi...

# Muslims In South Asia ## Unit 04 **His most well-known conquest was that of Somnath in 1024 AD. Somnath was a city in Gujrat, Kathiawar, and was ruled by a Hindu king Bhima I. This city was known for its famous temple where the Hindus used to worship their idols. Mehmud Ghaznavi launched a massive attack on Somnath in 1026 AD. Despite facing resistance from surrounding Rajput rulers, he conquered the city.** ### Impacts of Mehmud Ghaznavi's Victories - Mehmud's invasion played an important role in the spreading of Islam in India. - India's enormous wealth was taken away to Ghazni. - Mehmud's conquests paved the way for the Muslim conquest of India. - The weaknesses of local Indian rulers were exposed and that made India more unstable. - Sultan Mehmud Ghaznavi did not consolidate his empire by establishing any organized administration. Soon, the empire fell in the hands of his weak successors and gradually lost control of Indian territories. ## Let us Know: **Mansura was the historic capital of the Muslim Caliphate in Sindh from the year 711 to 1006 AD. The city was founded as a central garrison by the Umayyad Forces in Sindh. Later the city transformed into a very dynamic metropolis.** ## Do You Know? **Mansura was the historic capital of the Muslim Caliphate in Sindh from the year 711 to 1006 AD. The city was founded as a central garrison by the Umayyad Forces in Sindh. Later the city transformed into a very dynamic metropolis.** ## Relations between Arabia and the Subcontinent - Relations between Arabia and the Subcontinent increased gradually. - Unfortunately, as the years went by, the leadership in Arabia grew weaker. This allowed many local governors of Sindh to break free from the Arab rule and become independent. - When Sultan Mehmud of Ghazna invaded South Asia, only two Muslim states were existing with headquarters in Multan and Mansura. ## The Ghaznavids (977-1186AD) - The Ghaznavids rose to power in Ghazna which is situated in present day Afghanistan. - Mehmud Ghaznavi was the most important ruler of the Ghaznavi dynasty. He ruled between 998 and 1030 AD. Overall, the Ghaznavid Empire lasted for 157 years. ## Mehmud Ghaznavi's Invasions of South Asia - Mehmud Ghaznavi is considered among one of the mightiest kings in the Muslim history. - He was born in 927 AD. Mehmud Ghaznavi became a king when he was about 26. - Mehmud's major rule was in Afghanistan, but he added many areas of South Asia to his empire. Mehmud Ghaznavi attacked and invaded South Asia about seventeen times. Each time he emerged victorious because of his successful war strategies. ## Muslims in South Asia - Relations with India before arrival of Islam. Merchants would regularly sail to the west coast of India to trade goods such as spices, gold, and African goods. When Arabs came to South Asia and Southeast Asia through Arab traders. Arabs had trade relations with India before arrival of Islam. Merchants would regularly sail to the west coast of India to trade goods such as spices, gold, and African goods. When Arabs converted to Islam, they introduced their new religion to India. Islam continued to spread in India through Arab traders missionaries, and conversioned During Pious Caliphate attempts were made to annex Sindh but it could not be occupied. - The relations between the Arabs and the Indians were smooth. However, the sea borne trade of the Arabs in the Indian Ocean was threatened by Raja Dahir. To overcome the challenges by Raja Dahir and his allies, Hajjaj Bin Yusuf, the governor of Basra, Sent Muhammad Bin Qasim in 712 AD. After capturing Debal, the strong hold of Dahir, he moved to Aror where Dahir was killed. With the conquest of Multan, the entire Sindh fell under Arab rule and remained so for the next three centuries. ## Do You Know? - Islam came first to the Western coast of India when Arab traders came to coastal Malabar and Konkon-Gujrat. ## Do You Know? - Raja Dahir was the son of Chach of Aror who belonged to the Brahmin Dynasty of Sindh. He ruled over the modern-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, parts of Punjab and Iran. - 10th Ramzan is commemorated as Youme Babul Islam, the day of conquest of port of Debal by Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 AD.