Health Information System - Introduction and Concepts - PDF

Health Information System Introduction and Concepts Maria Bea C. Lao, RMT, MSMT Health Information System AY 2019-2020  The world’s most information-intense industry Heal...

Health Information System Introduction and Concepts Maria Bea C. Lao, RMT, MSMT Health Information System AY 2019-2020  The world’s most information-intense industry Health Care Complexity and uncertainties inherent in the sector “glue” that links health information to the health care delivery Health Information system Management Critically necessary tool Information BUT NOT SUFFICIENT for ensuring effective management support Technology Health Institutions and Information Processing HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM - Strongly influence quality and efficiency of health care; - Technical progress offers advanced opportunities to support health care. What is the significance of information systems for health care? 1. Information processing a. Important quality factor, but an enormous cost factor (productivity factor) b. Should offer a holistic view of the patient and of the hospital. c. MEMORY and NERVOUS system of the hospital Effects of Information System Examples: a. Incorrect reports → may lead to erroneous and even harmful treatment decisions b. Repeated Examinations or Lost Findings → have to be searched, and the cost of health care may increase. c. Information should be documented adequately → enabling health care professional to access the information needed and to make sound decisions. “In general clinical patient-related information should be available ON TIME, and it should be UP-TO-DATE and VALID” Note: Information processing as a cost factor 2007 data: - States of OECD spent between 6% and 15% of their total gross domestic product for health care - Computer-based and non-computer-based information NOTE: Information as a productivity factor 21st century – century of information technology or information society Informatics and information and communication technology (ICT) are playing a key role PRODUCTIVITY = ration of output and input Hospital based productivity = ratio of number of cases and full-time employees  Note: Holistic View of the patient “information processing in a hospital should offer a comprehensive, holistic view of the patient and the hospital” HOLISTIC – have complete picture of the care of a patient available, independent of health care institutions and hospital departments in which the patient has been or will be treated. * This holistic view can reduce undesired consequences of highly specialized medicine with various departments and health care professionals involved in patient care. Note: HIS as MEMORY and NERVOUS SYSTEM - Comprising the information processing and storage in a hospital to a certain extent can be compared to the information processing of human being. - Also receives, transmits, processes, stores and present information Health Institutions and Information Processing A paper-based patient record archive as one information storing part of the hospital's memory and nervous system Health Institutions and Information Processing Snapshot in a server room of a hospital showing the computer-based nerve cords of the hospital's memory and nervous system Information and Communication Technology -Impact on quality of care -Impact on economics -Changing health care Impact on quality of health care ✓ computer-supported information systems ✓+ clinical documentation and knowledge-based decision support system LEADS to: progress on costs and quality of information processing in health care Impact on economics ICT worldwide market volume is nearly 2.5 trillion € in 2009 with a growth rake of about 5% per year ✓Major factor for quality and efficiency of health care ✓ICT in health care also emerged to a leading industry ✓Increase in economic relevance (in health care) Changing health care 1. Computer-based tools and Computer-based trainings 2. Computer-based documentation 3. Decision Support Tools 4. Communication using technology Importance of Systematic Information Management ❖All groups of people and all areas of a hospital depend on its quality ❖The amount of information processing in hospitals is considerable ❖Health care professional frequently work with the same data Health Institutions and Information Processing Summary Information processing: Is an important quality factor, but an enormous cost factor as well. Is becoming a productivity factor Should offer a holistic view of the patient and of the hospital. A hospital information system can be regarded as the memory and nervous system of a hospital Information and communication technology has become economically important and decisive for the quality of health care. It will continue to change health care Health Institutions and Information Processing The integrated processing of information is important because: all groups of people and all areas of a hospital depend on its quality, the amount of information processing in hospitals is considerable, and health care professionals frequently work with the same data The systematic processing of information: contributes to high-quality patient care, and reduces costs Information processing in hospitals is complex and therefore we need: the systematic management and operation of hospital information systems, and medical informatics specialists responsible for the management and operation of hospital