Health Science Government Agencies (Unit 5) PDF
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This document provides a detailed breakdown of vocabulary and information related to healthcare systems, including different types of care, various facilities, and governmental agencies. It covers topics like acute care, behavioral health services, ambulatory care, and more. The document also outlines information on different professional organizations and career pathways in health science.
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Here's a comprehensive breakdown of the essential vocabulary and information related to healthcare systems: ### Types of Care in Various Facilities **1. Acute Care** - **Description**: Acute care refers to short-term treatment for severe injuries or episodes of illness, urgent medical condition...
Here's a comprehensive breakdown of the essential vocabulary and information related to healthcare systems: ### Types of Care in Various Facilities **1. Acute Care** - **Description**: Acute care refers to short-term treatment for severe injuries or episodes of illness, urgent medical conditions, or recovery from surgery. Facilities include hospitals, emergency rooms, and urgent care centers. **2. Behavioral and Mental Health Services** - **Description**: These services focus on diagnosing and treating mental illnesses and emotional disorders. Facilities may include psychiatric hospitals, outpatient mental health clinics, and residential treatment centers. **3. Ambulatory Care** - **Description**: This type of care is provided on an outpatient basis without admission to a hospital or other facility. Examples include doctor's offices, outpatient surgery centers, and community health clinics. **4. Home Care** - **Description**: Home care services provide medical and non-medical support to individuals in their own homes. Services may include nursing care, therapy, and assistance with daily activities. **5. Long-Term/Residential Care** - **Description**: Long-term care facilities provide care for individuals who need assistance with daily activities for an extended period. This can include nursing homes and assisted living facilities. **6. Nursing Homes** - **Description**: Facilities that provide residential care for elderly or disabled individuals who require assistance with daily living and medical care. **7. Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNF)** - **Description**: These facilities provide a higher level of medical care than standard nursing homes, including rehabilitation services and care from licensed nurses. **8. Hospitals** - **Types of Care Available**: Hospitals provide a range of services, including emergency care, surgery, maternity care, intensive care, and outpatient services. Common units in hospitals include: - Emergency Department - Intensive Care Unit (ICU) - Surgical Unit - Maternity Ward - Radiology Department **9. Medical and Dental Practices** - **Description**: Facilities that provide general and specialized medical and dental care, including routine check-ups, treatment, and preventive care. **10. Optical Centers** - **Description**: Facilities that offer eye care services, including vision exams, eyewear fittings, and contact lens services. **11. Emergency Care Services** - **Description**: These services provide immediate medical attention for urgent health issues, typically found in emergency departments of hospitals or urgent care clinics. **12. Hospice** - **Description**: Hospice care provides support and comfort for patients in the final stages of terminal illnesses, focusing on quality of life rather than curative treatment. ### Difference Between Inpatient and Outpatient Care - **Inpatient Care**: Refers to care provided to patients who are admitted to a hospital or facility for at least one overnight stay. - **Outpatient Care**: Refers to care provided to patients who do not require overnight hospitalization and can return home after treatment. --- ### Specialty Care Medical and Dental Practices **1. Cosmetic Surgery Centers** - **Description**: Facilities that specialize in elective surgical procedures aimed at enhancing appearance. **2. Orthodontics** - **Description**: Dental practices focusing on diagnosing, preventing, and treating dental and facial irregularities, primarily using braces and aligners. **3. Pulmonology** - **Description**: Specializes in diagnosing and treating lung and respiratory system disorders. **4. Surgical Centers** - **Description**: Facilities that provide surgical services that do not require hospital admission, often for minor procedures. --- ### Governmental Agencies **1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)** - **Abbreviation**: CDC - **Headquartered in**: Atlanta, Georgia - **Mission**: To protect public health and safety through the control and prevention of disease, injury, and disability. **2. World Health Organization (WHO)** - **Abbreviation**: WHO - **Headquartered in**: Geneva, Switzerland - **Mission**: To promote health, keep the world safe, and serve vulnerable populations by directing and coordinating international health efforts. **3. US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)** - **Abbreviation**: HHS - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Mission**: To enhance the health and well-being of Americans by providing effective health and human services and fostering advances in medicine, public health, and social services. **4. National Institutes of Health (NIH)** - **Abbreviation**: NIH - **Headquartered in**: Bethesda, Maryland - **Mission**: To seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health. **5. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)** - **Abbreviation**: AHRQ - **Headquartered in**: Rockville, Maryland - **Mission**: To improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for all Americans. - **Focuses on following areas of research**: Healthcare quality, patient safety, effectiveness of care, and healthcare costs. **6. America’s Health Insurance Plans (AHIP)** - **Abbreviation**: AHIP - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Purpose**: Represents the health insurance industry and advocates for policies that promote affordable, quality health care. **7. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)** - **Abbreviation**: FDA - **Established in**: 1906 - **Responsible for**: Protecting public health by ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs, biological products, and medical devices. **8. Administration for Children and Families (ACF)** - **Abbreviation**: ACF - **Additional locations**: Various regional offices across the U.S. - **Responsible for federal programs**: Child welfare, Head Start, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), and more. - **Mission**: To promote the economic and social well-being of families, children, individuals, and communities. **9. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)** - **Abbreviation**: CMS - **Established in**: 1965 - **Headquartered in**: Baltimore, Maryland - **Additional locations**: Various regional offices. - **Established as a result of**: The enactment of Medicare and Medicaid under the Social Security Act. - **Primary Responsibility**: Overseeing and administering the nation’s major healthcare programs. **10. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)** - **Abbreviation**: OSHA - **Established in**: 1970 - **As part of the**: U.S. Department of Labor. - **Established to govern**: Workplace safety and health regulations. - **Requires states to develop**: Their own occupational safety and health plans. - **3 legislature under OSHA to ensure healthcare workers are protected**: 1. Bloodborne Pathogens Standard 2. Hazard Communication Standard 3. Respiratory Protection Standard **11. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)** - **Abbreviation**: VA - **Established in**: 1930 - **Responsible for**: Providing services and benefits to military veterans. **12. Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)** - **Abbreviation**: PhRMA - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Duties**: Advocating for public policies that encourage pharmaceutical innovation and access to medicines. **13. Surgeon General and U.S. Public Health Service** - **Abbreviation**: USPHS - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Duties**: Leading public health initiatives and serving as the principal health advisor to the President. **14. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)** - **Abbreviation**: BLS - **Headquartered in**: Washington, D.C. - **Duties**: Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating essential economic information, including labor market statistics. **15. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)** - **Abbreviation**: DHS - **Established in**: 2003 - **Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)**: - **National Incident Management System**: A standardized approach to incident management. - **National Preparedness System**: A comprehensive framework for preparing for and responding to incidents. **16. US Public Health Service** - **Abbreviation**: PHS - **Established in**: 1798 - **Responsible for**: Protecting and promoting public health through various initiatives and programs. **17. Joint Commission** - **Abbreviation**: TJC - **Responsibilities**: Accrediting and certifying healthcare organizations and programs in the United States. --- ### Professional Associations **Benefits of Participating in Professional Organizations** - Networking opportunities with peers and industry leaders. - Access to continuing education and professional development resources. - Advocacy for the profession and influence on policy-making. - Staying informed about the latest research and best practices. **Examples of Professional Organizations**: 1. American Medical Association (AMA) 2. American Nurses Association (ANA) --- ### Other Organizations and Their Missions **1. American Cancer Society** - **Mission**: To save lives, celebrate lives, and lead the fight for a world without cancer by funding research, providing support, and advocating for patients. **2. American Heart Association (AHA)** - **Mission**: To be a relentless force for a world of longer, healthier lives through education, research, and advocacy against heart disease and stroke. **3. American Red Cross (ARC)** - **Mission**: To prevent and alleviate human suffering in the face of emergencies by mobilizing the power of volunteers and the generosity of donors. **4. March of Dimes** - **Mission**: To improve the health of mothers and babies by preventing birth defects, premature birth, and infant mortality through research, education, and advocacy. --- ### Hospital Organization and Career Pathways Notes **Organizational Structure** - **Description**: Hospitals typically have a hierarchical structure, including administrative, medical, nursing, and support services. This structure facilitates efficient management, clear communication, and effective patient care. - **Variability**: Organizational structures can vary between rural and suburban hospitals, with rural facilities often having a more generalized approach due to limited resources. **Hospital Board Composition** - Hospital boards often include: - Physicians - Community representatives - Financial experts - Healthcare administrators - Legal advisors **Administrative Careers in a Hospital** 1. Hospital Administrator 2. Health Information Manager 3. Chief Financial Officer (CFO) ### Career Pathways of Health Science | Pathway | Description | List 4 Career Examples | |---------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------ | | Clinical Services | Direct patient care and treatment. | Nurse, Physician, Radiologic Technologist, Physical Therapist | | Health Informatics | Management and analysis of health data and information. | Health Information Manager, Data Analyst, Clinical Coder, Health IT Specialist | | Healthcare Administration | Management and leadership in healthcare organizations. | Hospital Administrator, Practice Manager, Health Services Manager, Medical Director | | Public Health | Promotion of community health and disease prevention. | Epidemiologist, Public Health Nurse, Health Educator, Environmental Health Specialist | Feel free to ask if you need more detailed information on any specific area!