Group 5 Changes Challenges Contemporary Societies PDF

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This document provides a summary of key concepts in contemporary societies, including discussions on media, social/cultural/political change, and ethnic conflict.

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‭UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS‬ ‭Changes, Challenges in Contemporary Societies‬ ‭MEDIA‬ ‭‬ ‭The plural form of the word “medium”‬ ‭‬ ‭Collective‬ ‭or‬ ‭different‬ ‭communication‬ ‭tools‬ ‭are‬ ‭used‬ ‭to‬ ‭store‬ ‭and‬ ‭delive...

‭UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY, AND POLITICS‬ ‭Changes, Challenges in Contemporary Societies‬ ‭MEDIA‬ ‭‬ ‭The plural form of the word “medium”‬ ‭‬ ‭Collective‬ ‭or‬ ‭different‬ ‭communication‬ ‭tools‬ ‭are‬ ‭used‬ ‭to‬ ‭store‬ ‭and‬ ‭deliver‬ ‭a‬ ‭variety‬ ‭of‬ ‭information and data.‬ ‭‬ ‭All print digital and electronic means of communication‬ ‭*New‬‭media‬‭-‬‭generic‬‭term‬‭for‬‭many‬‭different‬‭forms‬‭of‬‭electronic‬‭communication‬‭that‬‭are‬ ‭made possible.‬ ‭*Social Networking‬ ‭‬ ‭More casual form of social media‬ ‭‬ ‭One of the different forms/types of social media.‬ ‭‬ ‭Media comes in different forms (written, might be from the net, or televised).‬ ‭‬ ‭PURPOSE: to provide information.‬ ‭TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA‬ ‭‬ ‭FORUM‬‭- a video game website or favorable hobby website‬ ‭‬ ‭MICROBLOGGING‬‭- cousin of texting‬ ‭‬ ‭BOOKMARKING‬‭-‬ ‭like‬‭saving‬‭in‬‭one‬‭place‬‭the‬‭URL‬‭address‬‭and‬‭information,‬‭data,‬‭and‬ ‭resources so one can access it anytime needed‬ ‭‬ ‭VIDEO SITES‬‭- where you can watch different types of videos (e.g. YouTube)‬ ‭‬ ‭SEARCH‬ ‭ENGINES‬ ‭-‬ ‭where‬ ‭you‬ ‭can‬ ‭type‬ ‭what‬ ‭you‬ ‭want‬ ‭to‬ ‭search‬ ‭and‬ ‭several‬ ‭matching will appear.‬ ‭.‭S ‬ OCIAL, CULTURAL and POLITICAL CHANGE‬ ‭‬ ‭SOCIAL CHANGE‬‭– refers to any significant alteration over time in behavior‬ ‭patterns and cultural values and norms.‬ ‭‬ ‭CULTURAL CHANGE‬‭– is a term used in public policy-making that emphasizes the‬ ‭influence of Cultural capital on individual and community behavior‬ ‭‬ ‭POLITICAL CHANGE‬‭– occurs when the rulers in a country lose power or the type of‬ ‭governance in the country changes.‬ ‭TYPES OF SOCIAL, CULTURAL, AND POLITICAL CHANGE‬ ‭‬ ‭INNOVATION‬‭- Use of new techniques to achieve desired ends.‬ ‭‬ ‭DIFFUSION‬‭-‬‭Transmission‬‭of‬‭cultural‬‭characteristics‬‭or‬‭traits‬‭from‬‭the‬‭common‬‭society‬ ‭to all other societies.‬ ‭‬ ‭ACCULTURATION‬‭-‬‭Systematic‬‭process‬‭of‬‭cultural‬‭change‬‭of‬‭a‬‭particular‬‭society‬‭carried‬ ‭out by a new or another dominant society.‬ ‭‬ ‭ASSIMILATION‬‭- The individual culture becomes integrated with the standard culture.‬ ‭‬ ‭SOCIAL‬‭CONTRADICTION‬‭AND‬‭TENSIONS‬‭-‬ ‭Describe‬‭qualities‬‭specific‬‭to‬‭social‬‭and‬ ‭interest groups, social classes, and human social structure.‬ ‭‬ ‭GLOBALIZATION‬‭-‬ ‭It‬‭describes‬‭the‬‭way‬‭countries‬‭and‬‭people‬‭of‬‭the‬‭world‬‭interact‬‭and‬ ‭integrate.‬ ‭ THNIC‬ ‭CONFLICT‬ ‭–‬ ‭is‬ ‭an‬ ‭armed‬‭conflict‬‭between‬‭different‬‭ethnic‬‭groups.‬‭Conflict‬‭is‬‭usually‬ E ‭not about ethnic differences but about political, economic, social, cultural, or territorial matters.‬ ‭THEORIES OF ETHNIC CONFLICT‬ ‭‬ ‭PRIMORDIALIST‬‭-‬‭Relies‬‭on‬‭a‬‭concept‬‭of‬‭kinship‬‭between‬‭members‬‭of‬‭an‬‭ethnic‬ ‭group‬ ‭and‬ ‭that‬ ‭kinship‬ ‭makes‬ ‭it‬ ‭possible‬ ‭for‬ ‭ethnic‬ ‭groups‬ ‭to‬ ‭think‬ ‭in‬ ‭terms‬ ‭of‬ ‭family resemblances.‬ ‭‬ ‭INSTRUMENTALIST‬ ‭-‬ ‭This‬‭theory‬‭tries‬‭to‬‭explain‬‭such‬‭persistence‬‭in‬‭what‬‭was‬ ‭supposed to have an effective melting pot.‬ ‭‬ ‭CONSTRUCTIVIST‬ ‭-‬ ‭This‬ ‭view‬ ‭stresses‬ ‭the‬ ‭importance‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭socially‬ ‭constructed nature of the ethnic group.‬ ‭ RMED‬‭CONFLICT‬‭–‬‭An‬‭open-armed‬‭clash‬‭between‬‭two‬‭or‬‭more‬‭parties‬‭that‬‭pursue‬‭different‬ A ‭issues. (e.g. Philippine government against the rebel groups)‬ ‭ OCIAL‬ ‭MOVEMENTS‬ ‭–‬ ‭A‬ ‭loosely‬ ‭organized‬ ‭effort‬ ‭by‬ ‭a‬ ‭large‬ ‭group‬ ‭of‬ ‭people‬ ‭to‬ ‭achieve‬ ‭a‬ S ‭particular goal typically a social or political one.‬ ‭3 MAJOR ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL MOVEMENT‬ ‭‬ ‭CAMPAIGNS‬ ‭–‬ ‭A‬ ‭sustained;‬ ‭organized‬ ‭public‬ ‭effort‬ ‭making‬ ‭collective‬‭claims‬‭of‬ ‭target authorities.‬ ‭‬ R ‭ EPERTOIRE‬ ‭–‬ ‭Employment‬ ‭combinations‬ ‭from‬ ‭among‬ ‭the‬ ‭following‬ ‭forms‬ ‭of‬ ‭political‬ ‭actions;‬ ‭creation‬ ‭of‬ ‭special‬ ‭purpose‬ ‭associations‬ ‭and‬ ‭coalitions,‬ ‭public‬ ‭meetings, solemn processions, vigils, rallies, etc.‬ ‭‬ ‭WUNC‬ ‭DISPLAYS‬ ‭–‬ ‭Participants‬ ‭concerted‬ ‭in‬ ‭public‬ ‭representation‬ ‭of‬ ‭worthiness,‬ ‭unity,‬ ‭numbers,‬ ‭and‬ ‭commitment‬ ‭on‬ ‭the‬ ‭part‬ ‭of‬ ‭themselves‬ ‭and/or‬ ‭their constituencies.‬ ‭ NVIRONMENTALISM‬‭–‬‭A‬‭social‬‭movement‬‭whose‬‭advocacies‬‭are‬‭in‬‭line‬‭with‬‭concerns‬‭for‬‭the‬ E ‭environment,‬ ‭its‬ ‭protection,‬ ‭and‬ ‭improvement;‬ ‭promotes‬ ‭lawful‬ ‭preservation,‬ ‭restoration,‬ ‭and‬ ‭improvement of the natural environment.‬ ‭ EMINISM‬‭–‬‭Women’s‬‭liberation‬‭movement;‬‭a‬‭series‬‭of‬‭political‬‭campaigns‬‭to‬‭push‬‭for‬‭reforms‬ F ‭on‬ ‭issues‬ ‭involving‬ ‭women‬ ‭(e.g.‬ ‭reproductive‬ ‭rights,‬ ‭domestic‬ ‭violence,‬ ‭fair‬ ‭labor‬ ‭practices,‬ ‭political suffrage, and sexual harassment).‬ ‭ RANSMIGRATIONS‬ ‭–‬ ‭A‬ ‭change‬ ‭of‬ ‭residence‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭person‬ ‭from‬‭one‬‭community‬‭to‬‭another‬ T ‭with the intention of settling temporarily or permanently.‬ ‭THREE TYPES OF MIGRATION‬ ‭‬ ‭INTERNATIONAL‬ ‭MIGRATION‬ ‭-‬ ‭Permanent‬ ‭transfer‬ ‭of‬ ‭residence‬ ‭from‬ ‭one‬ ‭country to another.‬ ‭‬ ‭INTERNAL‬ ‭MIGRATION‬ ‭-‬ ‭A‬ ‭change‬ ‭of‬ ‭residence‬ ‭within‬ ‭national‬ ‭boundaries‬ ‭(between states, provinces, cities, or municipalities).‬ ‭‬ ‭CIRCULATION‬ ‭MIGRATION‬ ‭-‬ ‭Temporary‬‭movement‬‭of‬‭a‬‭person‬‭due‬‭to‬‭work‬‭or‬ ‭study.‬ ‭ RANSNATIONAL‬ ‭MIGRATION‬ ‭–‬ ‭People‬ ‭who‬ ‭have‬ ‭migrated‬ ‭from‬ ‭one‬ ‭state‬ ‭to‬ ‭another,,‬ T ‭participating simultaneously in social relations that embed them in more than one nation.‬ ‭ VERSEAS‬ ‭FILIPINO‬ ‭WORKERS‬ ‭–‬ ‭Filipino‬ ‭origin‬ ‭who‬ ‭works‬ ‭and‬ ‭lives‬ ‭outside‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ O ‭Philippines, indefinitely as citizens or permanent residents.‬ ‭ LOBAL‬ ‭WARMING‬ ‭–‬ ‭A‬ ‭gradual‬ ‭increase‬ ‭in‬ ‭the‬ ‭average‬ ‭temperature‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭earth's‬ G ‭atmosphere‬ ‭and‬ ‭its‬ ‭oceans;‬ ‭is‬ ‭believed‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭permanently‬ ‭changing‬ ‭the‬ ‭Earth’s‬ ‭climate‬ ‭and‬ ‭causing a greenhouse effect.‬ ‭ REENHOUSE‬‭EFFECT‬‭–‬‭The‬‭process‬‭by‬‭which‬‭radiation‬‭from‬‭the‬‭earth's‬‭atmosphere‬‭warms‬ G ‭its surface to a higher temperature than it would be without the atmosphere.‬ ‭Examples of the Greenhouse effect:‬ ‭‬ ‭BURNING FOILS‬ ‭‬ ‭FARMING‬ ‭‬ ‭IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL‬ ‭STEPS TO ADAPT AND CHANGE GLOBAL WARMING‬ ‭A.‬ ‭RECYCLE‬‭– help minimize waste‬ ‭B.‬ ‭USING LESS AIR CONDITIONING‬ ‭– helps lessen the amount of CO2‬ ‭C.‬ ‭DRIVE LESS‬‭– help lessen carbon footprint‬ ‭D.‬ ‭USE THE OFF SWITCH‬‭– save electricity‬ ‭E.‬ ‭PLANT A TREE‬‭– helps absorb carbon dioxide‬ ‭ ITIZENSHIP‬‭– Status of being a citizen of a particular place, qualities that a person is‬ C ‭expected to be a responsible member of a community.‬ ‭INCLUSIVE‬ ‭CITIZENSHIP‬‭–‬‭Governing‬‭policy‬‭on‬‭giving‬‭all‬‭citizens‬‭a‬‭strong‬‭sense‬‭that‬ ‭they‬ ‭are‬ ‭members‬ ‭of‬‭the‬‭overall‬‭society.‬‭Includes‬‭laws‬‭providing‬‭inclusive‬‭access‬‭to‬‭all‬ ‭citizens, regardless of gender, race, religious belief, or socio-economic status.‬ ‭EFFECTS OF INCLUSIVE CITIZENSHIP‬ ‭‬ ‭Citizens are more inclined to voice their grievances.‬ ‭‬ ‭Motivate the citizens to participate in the government‬ ‭GOVERNANCE‬‭– Processes and institutions that contribute to public decision-making.‬ ‭PARTICIPATORY‬ ‭GOVERNANCE‬ ‭–‬ ‭A‬ ‭kind‬ ‭of‬ ‭governance‬ ‭theory‬ ‭that‬ ‭emphasizes‬ ‭democratic engagement through deliberate practices.‬ ‭THREE CATEGORIES OF PUBLIC GOVERNANCE‬ ‭‬ ‭CIVIC AND POLITICAL‬‭– Deals with issues related to human rights.‬ ‭‬ ‭DEVELOPMENTAL‬ ‭GOVERNANCE‬ ‭–‬ ‭Planning,‬ ‭budgeting,‬ ‭monitoring,‬ ‭and‬ ‭accountability of social and economic development policies and programs.‬ ‭‬ P‭ ARTICIPATION‬ ‭–‬ ‭The‬ ‭fundamental‬ ‭goal‬ ‭of‬ ‭most‬ ‭government‬ ‭institutions;‬ ‭the‬ ‭right‬ ‭to‬ ‭participate‬ ‭in‬ ‭society’s‬ ‭decision-making‬ ‭processes;‬ ‭and‬ ‭is‬ ‭accepted‬ ‭by‬ ‭the‬ ‭world‬ ‭community as a basic right.‬ ‭PARTICIPATION CAN HELP:‬ ‭‬ ‭Deepen democracy‬ ‭‬ ‭Strengthen social capital‬ ‭‬ ‭Facilitate efficiency‬ ‭‬ ‭Sustain growth‬ ‭‬ ‭Promote programs for the poor‬ ‭ACTION PLAN‬‭– A document that lists what steps must be taken to achieve a specific goal.‬ ‭‬ ‭PURPOSE‬‭: To clarify what resources are required‬ ‭‬ ‭TO‬ ‭REACH‬ ‭THE‬ ‭GOAL‬‭:‬ ‭Formulate‬ ‭a‬ ‭timeline‬ ‭for‬ ‭when‬ ‭specific‬ ‭tasks‬ ‭need‬ ‭to‬ ‭be‬ ‭completed and determine what resources are required.‬ ‭Members:‬ ‭GIANNA BRUTAS‬ ‭JULIAN LOUISE PACAMMARA‬ ‭FRANCIS BILAN‬ ‭ABEGUEL ROSERO‬ ‭PHEOBY JANEEN CLIDORO‬ ‭MAY AZOR‬ ‭STEM 12-Villanueva‬

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