Government Notes 7 Quiz PDF

WHAT'S ON THE QUIZ: Four different media types Print/Newspapers ○ Why newspapers? Because there was nothing else Printing press made it It was easy and mass produced (cheap) ○ Where did newspapers originate from? Polit...

WHAT'S ON THE QUIZ: Four different media types Print/Newspapers ○ Why newspapers? Because there was nothing else Printing press made it It was easy and mass produced (cheap) ○ Where did newspapers originate from? Political parties (federalists to get their message out to the people like democrats ) Radios (Early 20 century) ○ How does radio change experience? Hear the voice of the elected leaders Able to listen to them directly Quicker access to information especially from WW2 Television ○ What is the new experience with televisions? We can now listen and see too JFK was the first president to capitalize on the fact that now most things are broadcasted on tv Social media/internet ○ See the charts and graphs of popularities of all age groups that we saw in class (who sees tv, social media, etc) ○ Citizen Journalism Video and print news posted to the Internet or social media by citizens rather than the news media Media Regulations 1st amendment of the press is not absolute ○ Exceptions of the 1st amendment that is not a regulation Liables print and slander Declamation that it has to be presented as factual (disregard Classified material ○ IN OTHER WORDS: The 1st amendment protects the print press and allows them to publish anything except anything that includes: Slander  Libel Classified materials Prior Restraint (Part of Classified Material) A government action that stops someone from doing something before they are able to do it (e.g., forbidding someone to publish a book they plan to release) Will the government say they will stop the New York Times from publishing something? ○ DOESN'T COUNT: Nixon stopping them from publishing pentagon papers (They ruled against nixon) ○ DOES COUNT: Movement of troops and information of undercover agents Slander Spoken information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization Libel Printed information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization What is the FCC? Federal Communications Commission ○ FCC regulates Indecency Regulations What does the FCC oversee? (Communication Act 1934) Power to monitor and oversee communication via radio, telephone and television All media regulations and works to prevent monopolies in TV firms Indecency Regulations The FCC also maintains indecency regulations over television, radio, and other broadcasters ○ Laws that limit indecent and obscene material on public airwaves Obscene material is tested through the three prong test for obscenity which was made through the miller test. Equal-Time Rule An FCC policy that all candidates running for office must be given the same radio and television airtime opportunities ○ Candidates must get equal air time and ads on non-cable TV and radio stations Miller test: what is it for, who put it in place, who reports violations? Also called the three-prong obscenity test, Test for determining whether something (speech or expression) can be classified as obscene (offensive) ○ It is not protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and can be prohibited. ○ Put in place by SCOTUS, FCC relies on public reporting What is the three-prong test for obscenity? 1. Would the average person find the work to be overtly sexual 2. Is there illegal sexual action being depicted 3. Does the whole work lack scientific or literary value Media Transparency What are some laws that allow people to request data from the government? Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) ○ A federal statute that requires public agencies to provide certain types of information requested by citizens People can file requests/make foia requests Framing The creation of a narrative, or context, for a news story. Episodic framing ○ Occurs when a story focuses on isolated details or specifics rather than looking broadly at a whole issue. Thematic framing ○ Takes a broad look at an issue and skips numbers or details. Priming  When media coverage predisposes the viewer or reader to a particular perspective on a subject or issue. Espionage act Know the ruling of the case Discussion (Don't need to memorize numbers of the bills (wont ask what were 3 specific points in protecting kids) Know what are some of the common regulatory attempts/more common ways govs are trying to do limit social media or do these things (tik tok ban from Biden) - Requiring parental consent - Requiring ID - Giving parents tools to limit devices What are the more common approaches we are seeing in social media regulations/how to limit social media? - Age verifications - Restrictions on algorithm - ID