General Concepts and Historical Events in Science, Technology, and Society Lesson 1 (2020) PDF

GENERAL CONCEPTS AND HISTORICAL EVENTS IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY Rachel Ann Soltones Palen GE 107 Instructor INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED SOCIETY 3 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 4 Science – systematic, organized...

GENERAL CONCEPTS AND HISTORICAL EVENTS IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY Rachel Ann Soltones Palen GE 107 Instructor INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED SOCIETY 3 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 4 Science – systematic, organized, knowledge and systematic nature that sets science apart from other types of understanding – simply concerned with evidence and with theory. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 5 Four Meanings of Science Science as an idea - ideas, theories and all available systematic explanations and observations about the natural and physical world. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 6 Four Meanings of Science Science as an intellectual activity - encompasses or include systematic and practical study of the natural and physical world. This process of study involves systematic observation and experimentation. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 7 Four Meanings of Science Science as a body of knowledge - can be a subject or a discipline, field of study or body of knowledge which deals with the process of learning about the natural and physical world. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 8 Four Meanings of Science Science as a personal and social activity - science is both knowledge and activities done by human beings to develop better understanding of the world around us. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 9 Technology – an applied science which scientists produce or generate knowledge and technologists turn it to important products and devices such as computers, aircraft, carriers, spacecraft and other machines. – body or reservoir of skills and knowledge by which we control and modify its systems, processes and developments in the world. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 10 Four Meanings of Technology Technology as technics - technology will sometimes be used to mean and refer to material products of human making or fabrication. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 11 Four Meanings of Technology Technology as a technology - complex of knowledge, methods, materials and technics used in making a certain kind of technic at a certain point of time. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 12 Four Meanings of Technology Technology as a form of human cultural activity - a distinctive form or kind of human cultural activity, just as the terms art, law, medicine, sport and religion. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 13 Four Meanings of Technology Technology as a total societal enterprise - societal enterprise of technology that is the complex of knowledge, people skills, organizations, facilities, technics, physical resources, methods and technologies that are taken together and in relationship to one another are devoted to the research development, production and operation of technics. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 14 Society – group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 15 Scientific Revolution – period of enlightenment when the developments in the fields of mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology and chemistry transformed views of society about nature. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 16 Scientific Revolution Influences SCIENCE 1. Science ideas IDEAS 2. Society 3. Human HUMANS SOCIETY Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  Variables that influence the 17 Development of Science ideas, Science discoveries and Technology 1. Creativity Creativity Science Scientists 2. Curiosity Ideas 3. Critical Thinking Curiosity Passion to know Science 4. Passion to know Passion to Discoveries Critical discover 5. Passion to discover Thinking Technology Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  Growth of Science, Technology and Society 18 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 19 Ancient People Concerned With: – Transportation and – Security and Protection Navigation – Health – Communication and – Aesthetics Record - keeping – Architecture – Mass Production Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 20 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - cuneiform Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  21 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - Uruk City Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  22 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - The Great Ziggurat of Ur Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  23 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - irrigation and dikes Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 24 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - sailboats Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 25 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - wheel Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 26 Ancient times ❑Sumerian civilization - plow Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 27 Ancient times ❑Babylonian civilization - sexagesimal system of counting in units - interval of 60 - earthen dikes Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 28 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 29 Ancient times ❑Babylonian civilization ❖ Hammurabi – Code of Hammurabi Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 30 ❑Babylonian civilization ❖ Hammurabi – Code of Hammurabi Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 31 Ancient times ❑Babylonian civilization ❖Nebuchadnezzar II – hanging gardens of Babylon Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 32 Ancient times ❑Babylonian civilization ❖Nebuchadnezzar – hanging gardens of Babylon Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  33 Ancient times ❑Egyptian civilization ❖ Paper of Papyrus Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 34 Ancient times ❑Egyptian civilization ❖ ink Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 35 Ancient times ❑Egyptian civilization ❖ Hieroglyphics Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  36 Ancient times ❑Egyptian civilization ❖ cosmetics Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  37 Ancient times ❑Egyptian civilization ❖ wig Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 38 Ancient times ❑Egyptian civilization ❖ water clock or Clepsydra Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 39 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖Alarm clock Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 40 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖Water mill Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 41 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖ Claudius Ptolemy - geocentric Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 42 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 43 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖Archimedes – buoyancy Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 44 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖Aristotle – plants and animal classification Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 45 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖Socrates – Western philosophy Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 46 Ancient times ❑Greek civilization ❖Thales – father of Western philosophy Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 47 Ancient times ❑Roman civilization - newspaper Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 48 Ancient times ❑Roman civilization - Bound books or Codex Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 49 Ancient times ❑Roman civilization - portraiture and architectural engineering - sanitation - passion - transportation Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 50 Ancient times ❑Roman civilization - Roman numerals Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 51 Ancient times ❑Chinese civilization - silk Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 52 Ancient times ❑Chinese civilization - Tea production Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 53 Ancient times ❑Chinese civilization - Great Wall of China Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 54 Ancient times ❑Chinese civilization - gunpowder Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 55 Ancient times ❑Persian civilization - standard weights and measures - coins of gold and silver Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 56 Ancient times ❑Cretan or Minoan civilization - ship building Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 57 Ancient times ❑Cretan or Minoan civilization - ship building Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 58 Middle Ages - Mesoamerica ❑ Maya civilization - astronomy - pyramid of Chichén Itzá in Mexico - calendar systems - hydraulic system - looms - Mica – rainbow of glittery paints made from mineral - rubber products - Mayan hieroglyphics - developed concept of zero and positional value Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 59 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 60 Medieval/Middle Ages - Mesoamerica ❑ Inca civilization - roads paved with stones - stone buildings - irrigation system - calendar with 12 months - first suspension bridge - quipu – system of knotted ropes to keep records that only experts can interpret - Inca textiles Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 61 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 62 Middle Ages - Mesoamerica ❑Aztec civilization - Mandatory education - chocolates - Antispasmodic medication - chinampa - Aztec calendar - Invention of canoe Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 63 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 64 Middle Ages - Asia ❑ Indus-Hindu civilization (India) - manufacturing iron and metallurgical works (iron steel) - medicine - Ayurveda – system of traditional medicine - Susruta Samhita – ancient texts that describes different surgical and other medical procedures - astronomy - Aryabhatiya – book of number of trigonometric functions, tables, and techniques as well as algorithms of algebra - letters and numbers - mathematical concepts - pharmacopoeia Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 65 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 66 Middle Ages - Asia ❑Chinese civilization - paper currency (China) - iron plough - system of fighting - wheelbarrow - art of war - propeller - black powder - compass - herbal or medical plants - papermaking - noodles or Chinese pasta - printing tools (wood block) Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 67 Middle Ages - Asia ❑Arabic civilization (Middle East countries) - religion (Islam) - mathematical system - Book of Healing and The Canon of Medicine Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 68 Middle Ages - Africa ❑African civilization - astronomy - three types of calendars: lunar, solar and stellar or combination of the three - metallurgy - Lebombo bone – tool for multiplication, division and simple mathematical calculation or a six month lunar calendar, oldest known mathematical artifact dated from 35,000 B.C.E. Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 69 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 70 Renaissance to 17th Century – rebirth age as of preparation for the 17th century scientific development and achievements Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  71 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Johann Gutenberg (1440 - 1454) - Printing press Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  72 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Zacharias Janssen (1595) - microscope Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  73 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Johann Lippershey or Hans Lipperhey (1608) - Refracting telescope or Astronomical telescope Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  74 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Galileo Galilei (1609) - Introduce telescope Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 75 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) - motorcar - first helicopter - submarine - machine gun Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 76 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Nicolaus Copernicus (1473- 1543) - Heliocentric theory Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 77 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 78 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Andreas Versalius (1514- 1564) - accurate anatomical drawings of human body on the book entitled “On the fabric of human body” Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 79 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) - lightning rod Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 80 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Alessandro Volta(1745-1827) - volts - electric battery Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 81 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖James Watt(1765) - steam engine Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 82 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Andre Ampere(1775-1836) - explained magnetic effects - father of electrodynamics Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 83 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Hans Oersted(1777-1851) - electric motor Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 84 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Michael Faraday(1791-1867) - electric motor - electromagnetism and electroinduction - first public power stations (1847-1922) Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 85 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Samuel F.B. Morse(1791-1872) - first practical telegraph - Morse code Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 86 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Sigmund Freud(1856-1939) - Method of Psychoanalysis Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 87 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Charles Robert Darwin(1859) - Theory of evolution Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 88 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Joseph Henry(1797-1878) - power electromagnets for lifting heavy loads Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 89 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖British engineers(1825) - first passenger railway system or transport Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 90 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖John Beer (1831) - industrial research laboratory Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 91 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Thomas Alva Edison(1847-1931) - electric bulb - storage battery - phonography - equipment for motion pictures Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 92 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Heinrich Hertz(1857-1894) - electromagnetic waves Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 93 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Rene Laennec(1816) - invented stetoscope Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 94 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Hermann von Helmholtz(1851) - invented opthalmoscope Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 95 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Samuel Kier (1853) - Kerosene (petroleum refinery) Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 96 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Louis Pastuer (1863) - Pasteurization Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 97 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Alexander Graham Bell ( 1876–1877) - telephone Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 98 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Blaise Pascal ( 1642) - Mechanical calculator Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 99 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Guglielmo Marconi(1874-1937) - wireless telegraph Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 100 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Joseph Black (1874-1937) - latent heat Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 101 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Wilhelm Roentgen (1895) - discovered x-ray Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 102 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Karl Landsteiner(1900) - discovered blood typing Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 103 Renaissance to 17th Century ❖Willem Einthoven(1906) - invented ECG Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 104 19th Century ❖Nathan Rosenberg and L.E. Birdzell Jr.(1918) - 139 research laboratories Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 105 19th Century ❖1929 – Bell Telephone Laboratories Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020 106 20th Century ❖Robert Langer(2004) - invented SonoPrep Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  107 Philippine Inventions ❖Victor Lllave (2015) - Salamander Amphibious Tricycle Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  108 Philippine Inventions ❖Aisa and Raphael Mijeno(2012) - SALt lamp Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  109 Philippine Inventions ❖Dr. Fe Del Mundo (1880) - Medical incubator Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  110 Philippine Inventions ❖Leonardo Salvador Sarao Sr. (2008) - EJeepney Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020  END 111 Rachel Ann Soltones Palen (GE 107 Instructor) 15/09/2020