Genbio Reviewer Biomolecules PDF

General formula is Sugar Genbio Reviewer CnH2mOm. Break down quickly in the Biomolecules Hydrogen and Oxygen body. The bulk – more than 90% of atoms are present in a Provide a q...

General formula is Sugar Genbio Reviewer CnH2mOm. Break down quickly in the Biomolecules Hydrogen and Oxygen body. The bulk – more than 90% of atoms are present in a Provide a quick burst of human body weight provided ratio of 2:1 energy or “sugar rush” only by three elements: Glucose has a formula of Glucose is the most Carbon C6H12O6. important and simplest Hydrogen Sucrose has a formula of sugar on earth. Oxygen C12H22O11. - Used in cells and We get these elements Good sources of raw created by from food we eat, water materials for organic photosynthesis. we drink and air we molecules and energy. - Comes in many inhale. One gram of carbs forms. provides four food Examples f Simple Sugars What do humans(Heterothrophs) calories or 16 kJ of - Glucose get from food? energy. - Fructose Cell growth Carbs mainly come from - Sucrose Cell Division plants although they are Monosaccharides (C6H12O6.) Metabolism found in all organisms. - Fructose Repair Example of - Galactose Maintenance of the Body macromolecules. - Glucose Nutrients Chainlike molecules Simple sugars with only - (CG CD M R MB N) called polymers made one sugar unit. from repeating units like Identified based on the What are Biomolecules? monomers. number of carbon atoms Molecules that make up - Poly (Many) they’re made up of. livin things. - Mono (Single) Examples Also called Biochemicals. - Mer (Part) - Triose (3 carbon Some are very large. Polymers can be formed atoms) Thousands of different from covalently-bonded - Pentose (5 carbon biomolecules separated monomers. atoms) to 4 categories: These monomers called - Hexoses (6 Carbon - Carbohydrates monosaccharides, form atoms) - Proteins covalent bonds when one - Ex. Glucose also - Lipids monomer loses a called dextrose, - Nucleic Acids hydroxyl group and the fructose, galactose, other loses a hydrogen mannose. Carbohydrates atom in dehydration or Highly soluble in water, Simplest biomolecules condensation reactions, can easily pass through Contains 3 Elements forming disaccharides. membrane thus, are - Carbon Bond formed is called a instant source of energy - Hydrogen glycosidic linkage. in the cell. - Oxygen Building blocks in the ▪ (CHO)n Two types of Carbohydrates formation of complex Word carbohydrate came Simple Carbohydrates sugars. from the fact these - Sugar Starting materials for the compounds have many Complex Carbohydrates construction of other carbon atoms bonded to - Starch organic molecules. hydroxide (OH) groups. - Cellulose