GEARTS Instrumental Music of Famous Musicians PDF

Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE...

Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 College: __Teacher Education Campus: _____Bambang____ DEGREE BEEd, BSEd COURSE NO. GEARTS PROGRAM SPECIALIZATION General COURSE TITLE ART APPRECIATION YEAR LEVEL 1 TIME FRAME 3 Hours WK NO. 12 IM NO. 8 I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC OF FAMOUS MUSICIANS II. LESSON TITLE Genres of Music A) Instrumental Music B) Classical Music C) Romantic Music D) Modern Music III. LESSON OVERVIEW This chapters provides the students an overview on the instrumental music of famous musicians within the different music style such as instrumental music, classical music, romantic music and modern music. The students will be able to developed sense of appreciation to different music genres and to the contribution of the known or famous musicians. IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: 1. identify various genres of music; 2. makes a creative interpretation of the different musical genre; and 3. translate sound or music into new from and a new content. V. LESSON CONTENT 1. MUSIC The skill of arranging sounds in time through the elements of melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre is known as music. It is a common cultural characteristic shared by all human communities. The term "music" comes from the French word mousike, which means the "art of music." Music in its origins was primarily functional, its two sources being dance and religion. The earliest people seem to have invoked their gods by beating the drum and singing, and from that time to the present, music has been of paramount importance in the lives of human beings (Pagay, 2013). The Properties of Musical Sound 1. Pitch. All musical sounds have pitch. By pitch, we mean the location of a tone in the musical scale in relation to high or low. It therefore relates to the highness or lowness of a tone. All sounds are caused by vibration. The vibrations of a musical sound are regular. 2. Duration. This property of sound depends on the length of time over, which vibration is maintained. Tones are not only high or low, but also short and long. 3. Volume. The term refers to force or percussive effects as a result of which the tone strikes us as being loud or soft. Forte means loud, piano means soft. 4. Range. The range of an instrument has to do with the total number of tones it can produce from highest to lowest, and is determined largely by the size of the instrument. Large objects vibrate more slowly than small ones, and slower vibrations create lower tones small objects produce faster vibration, “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 1 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 and hence, have higher tones. Furthermore, each range is divided into three registers high, middle, and low. Thus, we speak of the high register of a bassoon, the middle register of a violin, and the lower register of a trumpet 5. Harmony. A chord is formed when two or more pitches are sounded simultaneously. This relationship of the tones within the chord and the relationship of chords to one another are referred to as harmony. Hearing harmonies is primarily a matter of attentive participation. One of the best ways to begin is to listen carefully to a single voice or instrument played with an accompaniment 6. Tempo. Tempo refers to the rate of speed of the music and is the pace is slow, quick, or moderate, but more commonly we use the measured by the number of beats per minute. 7. Texture. In music, texture refers to the number of tones we are asked to apprehend simultaneously 8. Dynamics. The word dynamics refers to the degree and variation of volume and force, that is, as described by Dudley et al. (1978: 270), from soft to loud, with which the music is played. 2. MUSIC GENRE A music genre is a method of classification that divides music into several types. The art of blending instrumental and vocal tones in a systematic manner is what gives music its unique personality. This technique is widely used in popular music. However, it's quite common for a musical piece to belong to several genres at the same time. Music genres can refer to when the music was composed, its style, the instruments used and their functions, and the music's geographical origin. 2.1 List Music Genre Music comes in a multitude of genres and styles, ranging from traditional rock music to world pop, easy listening, and bluegrass. Many different genres have a long history or geographical relevance that transcends the twentieth century. The following is a list of music genres compiled from musicgenre.com of the most popular musical genres. 1. Alternative Music - Examples are the rock music (college, hard, indie, progressive), the punk (art, folk, hardcore) 2. Anime 3. Blues -Examples are the acoustic blues, Chicago blues, contemporary blues, delta blues, and electric blues 4. Children's music - Examples are the lullabies, sing-along and stories 5. Classical music Examples are the avant-garde, baroque, renaissance, romantic, wedding music, chant, choral, chamber music, high classical, minimalism 6. Commercial music - Examples are the jingles and TV themes 7. Country music - Examples are the alternative country bluegrass, contemporary country, honky-tonk, country pop, traditional country, and urban cowboy. 8. Electronic music- Examples are the electronic rock, drum and bass, downtempo, ambient, bitpop, and chiptune 9. Hip-Hop/Rap - Examples are alternative rap, bounce, dirty south, east coast rap, hardcore rap, hip- hop, Latin rap, gangster rap, underground rap. 10. Holiday music- Examples are Christmas Classic, Halloween, Christmas rock, Christmas jazz, Christmas pop. Christmas carol, Christmas classical. 11. Indie Pop - Indie pop is a music genre and subculture that combines guitar pop with DIY ethic in opposition to the style and tone of mainstream pop music. 12. Christian and Gospel music - Examples are Christian metal, Christian pop, Christian rap, Christian rock, gospel songs, praise and worship, traditional gospel 13. Jazz music - Examples are avant-garde jazz, bebop, big band, cool, crossover jazz, Dixieland fusion hard bop Latin jazz, ragtime, smooth jazz “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 2 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 14. Latin jazz - Examples are bossa nova, Brazilian cumbia, Latin jazz, pop Latino, flamenco 15. Rock music - Examples are acid rock, arena rock, cock rock, grind core, hair metal, hard rock, jam bands, psychedelic, rock and roll, southern rock, death metal, blues rock. 16. New age music-Examples are environmental music, healing, meditation, nature, relaxation, and travel. 17. instrumental music- Examples are the cantata, concerto, suites, keyboard instrumentals. The Lute This is a fretted guitar instrument with a pear-shaped body and between 7 and 11 strings which was widely used as a solo instrument for accompaniment playing chords. One of the more popular lute songs was a composition of Thomas Morley. It was a lover and his lass" from a play by Shakespeare "As You Like it” 3. BAROQUE Baroque music period is a style of Western art music that spanned by the year 1600-1750. This period flourished under the leadership of Louis XIV of France. This was the time of great philosophers and writers like Descartes, Voltaire and Locke. Baroque music forms a major portion of the classical music canon, being nowadays widely studied performed and listened to. Key composers of the Baroque era include John Pachelbel Antonio Vivaldi, Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frederick Handel. Franz Schubert, Claudio Monteverdi, Domenico Scarlatti, Alessandro Scarlatti, Georg Philipp Telemann, Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Mare-Antoine Charpentier, Arcangelo Corelli, Tomaso Albinoni, François Couperin, Giuseppe Tartini, Heinrich Schütz, and Giovanni Battista Pergolesi. The Baroque period saw the creation of tonality, an approach to writing music in which a song or piece is written in a particular key, this kind of arrangement has continued to be used in almost all Western popular music. During the Baroque era, professional musicians were expected to be accomplished improvisers of both solo melodic lines and accompaniment parts, Baroque concerts were typically accompanied by a basso continuo group (comprising chord-playing instrumentalists such as harpsichordists and lute players improvising chords from a figured bass part) while a group of bass instruments-viol, cello, double bass-played the bassline. A characteristic Baroque form was the dance suite. While the pieces in a dance suite were inspired by actual dance music, dance suites were designed purely for listening, not for accompanying dancers. During the period, composers and performers used more elaborate musical ornamentation (typically improvised by performers), made changes in musical notation (the development of figured bass as a quick way to notate the chord progression of a song or piece), and developed new instrumental playing techniques. Baroque music expanded the size, range, and complexity of instrumental performance, and also established the mixed vocal/instrumental forms of opera, cantata and oratorio and the instrumental forms of the solo concerto and sonata as musical genres. Many musical terms and concepts from this era, such as toccata, fugue and concerto grosso are still in use in the 2010s Dense, complex polyphonic music, in which multiple independent melody fines were performed simultaneously (a popular example of this is the fugue), was an important part of many Baroque choral and instrumental works. The term "baroque" comes from the Portuguese word barroco, meaning "misshapen pearl". Negative connotations of the term first occurred in 1734, in a criticism of an opera by Jean-Philippe Rameau, and later (1750) in a description by Charles de Brosses of the ornate and heavily ornamented architecture of the Pamphili Palace in Rome. Although the term continued to be applied to architecture and art criticism through the 19th century, it was not until the 20th century that the term "baroque was adopted from Heinrich Wolfflin's art history vocabulary to designate a historical period in music “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 3 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 Top 8 Baroque Period Composers by: Aaron Green, posted in the Internet, September 18, 2017 Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Bach was born into one of the great musical familles of the day. A natural genius at the keyboard, he mastered the organ and harpsichord and was simply a brilliant composer. Bach has been called the supreme arbiter and law-giver of music. He is to music what Leonardo da Vinci is to art and Shakespeare is to literature, one of the supreme creative geniuses of history. Popular Works "Airona G String." "Double Violin Concerto," "Brandenburg Concerto No. 38 Minor Mass "The Unaccompanied Cello Suites" George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) Handel is one of the giants of musical history. His is happy confident, melodic music imbued with the grace of the Italian vocal school, an easy fluency in German contrapuntal writing and the English choral tradition inherited from Purcell. He is credited with creating the English oratorio, most famous among these was "Messiah," Handel also specialized in operas and often took on the Italian style cantatas. Popular Works: "(The) Messiah," "Music for the Royal Fireworks," "Water Music". Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713) Italian teacher, violinist, and composer. His mastery of tone on the newly invented violin eamed hum great reviews throughout Europe. He is often credited as the first person to create basic violin technique. Corelli worked during the time of expressive opera knows as High Baroque. He is equally famous for his harpsichord compositions and his talent with the violin. Corelli was the main founder of modem orchestral playing and the composer who fashioned two new musical forms the Baroque trio and solo sonata, and the concerto grosso. Popular Works: "Concerto Grossi," "Christmas Concerto. "Sonata da camera in D Minor" “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 4 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) He wrote 500 concertos and is believed to have invented ritornello form in which a theme returns throughout the piece Known as a virtuoso violinist and prolific composer. He often held the title of Maestro de' Concerti (director instrumental music) at Vienna's Ospedale Della Pieta. His influence was felt throughout the later years of the Baroque Period. However, much of Vivaldi’s music lay “undiscovered until the early 1930s. This newly identified music earned Vivaldi the title, "The Viennese Counterpart to Bach and Handel." Popular Works: "The Four Seasons," "Gloria," "Con Alla Rustica in G” Georg Philipp Telemann (1681-1767) A good friend of both Bach and Handel and also a distinguished musician and composer of his time. He too, appeared in the latter part of the Baroque Period. Telemann's incorporation of unusual instrumentation in his concertos is one of the things that made him unique. His church music is most notable. As a music teacher, he was known for organizing students and offering concerts to the public. Popular Works: "Viola Concerto in G," "Trio Sonata in C Minor," "(The) Paris Quartets" Henry Purcell (1659-1695) He was considered one of England's greatest composers and the most original composer of his time. Purcell was extremely talented in word-setting and composed very successful works for the stage. His chamber music of suites and sonatas, as well as compositions for the church and courts, also helped establish his name in music history. Popular Works: "Dido & Aeneas," "The Fairy Queen," "Sound the Trumpet" Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757) Son of Alessandro Scarlatti, another well-known baroque composer. The younger Scarlatti wrote 555 known harpsichord sonatas, over half of which were written in the last six years of his life. Scarlatti produced the vast body of instrumental music for which he's best known, and in particular the keyboard sonatas. These works extended the genre immeasurably. introducing a virtuosity and brilliance that broke new ground. Popular Works: "Essercizi per Gravicembalo" (Sonatas for Harpsichord) “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 5 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764) Known for music with bold melodic lines and harmonies. Aside from harpsichord, Rameau's greatest contribution to music was in tragédie lyrique opera. His wide use of moods and musical colors in these French lyrical tragedies were beyond those of his counterparts. Popular Works: "Hippolyte et Aricie and Castor et Pollux." "Trait," "Les Indes Galantes" 4. CLASSICAL This is an art music rooted in the tradition of Western music. It includes both liturgical (religion) and secular music. The classic period is generally characterized by an emphasis in form rather than content. In music, it is characterized by composition which are simple and have balance and order. During accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution this period, different forms of music like instrumental forms, sonata, concerto, and symphony were developed. Composers composed music objectively, followed a form one of which was the sonata- allegro form found at the beginning of each instrument composition. Among the composers of this period were Ludwig van Beethoven, Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Franz Schubert.  LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He was born on December 17, 1770 and died on March 26, 1827. He was crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential composers. His best-known compositions include 9 symphonies, 5 piano concertos, 1 violin concerto, 32 piano sonatas, 16 string quartets, his great Mass the Missa solemnis, and one opera, Fidelio Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of the Holy Roman Empire, Beethoven displayed his musical talents at an early age and was taught by his father Johann van Beethoven and by composer and conductor Christian Gottlob Neefe. At the age of 21 he moved to Vienna, where he began studying composition with Joseph Haydn and gained a reputation as a virtuoso pianist. He lived in Vienna until his death. By his late 20s his hearing began to deteriorate, and by the last decade of his life he was almost completely deaf. In 1811 he gave up conducting and performing in public but continued to compose, many of his most admired works come from these last 15 years of his life.  JOSEPH HAYDN Haydn was a composer of the Classical period. He was born on March 23, 1732 and died on May 3, 1809. As an Austrian composer, he was instrumental in the development of chamber of music such as piano trio and his contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet". Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterhazy family at their remote estate. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, "forced to become original". Yet his music circulated widely, and for much of his career he was the most celebrated composer in Europe. He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a teacher of Beethoven. “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 6 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 Mozart was baptized as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart was a prolific and influential composer of the classical era. He was born on January 27, 1756 and died on December 5, 1791. Born in Salzburg, Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty. At 17, Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position. While visiting Vienna in 1781, he was dismissed from his Salzburg position. He chose to stay in the capital, where he achieved fame but little financial security. During his final years in Vienna, he composed many of his best-known symphonies, concertos, and operas, and portions of the Requiem, which was largely unfinished at the time of his death. The circumstances of his early death have been much mythologized. He was survived by his wife Constanze and two sons. He composed more than 600 works, many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, chamber, operatic, and choral music. He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers, and his influence is profound on subsequent Western art music Ludwig van Beethoven composed his own early works in the shadow of Mozart, and Joseph Haydn wrote: "posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years". FRANZ SCHUBERT was as Austrian composer bom on January 31, 1797 but died on November to та28 Schubert died belove his 32nd birthday but was extremely prolific during his Time Hit output consists of over 600 secular vocal works (mainly Lieder). Seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a Thuge body or chamber and piano music. Appreciation of his music while he was alive was limited to a relatively small of admirers in Vienna, but interest in his work increased significantly decades following his death. Felix Mendelssohn. Robert Schumann, Franz Liszt, Johannes Brahms and other 19th century composers discovered and championed his woks Today, Schubert is ranked among the greatest composers of the late Classical and early Romantic eras and one of the most frequently performed composers of the early 19th century. 5. ROMANTIC Romantic music is a period of Western classical music that started late in the 18 th or early 19th century. Romantic music in particular dominated the Romantic movement in Germany. Musicians during this time had the chance to express themselves freely. Music become an international language because it was easily understood and expressed. The change that occurred during this period forced musicians to redefine their functions and find new means for learning their living. Due to the decline of aristocracy and rise of the middle clans to power, musicians were dependent upon the public for support. For the first time, music became a business. In order to survive, musicians became businessmen and entertainers. The success of a composer upon the sale or commission of his published works, his personality, and showmanship as a composer. Romantic music was characterized by interest in stories, folklore, mythology, and supernatural stories. Moods were experienced according to the temperament, primarily, and personal convictions of “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 7 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 the composer. The rhythm is more complicated, melody used more extensive chromatism. Dynamics were used in building climaxes. Among the famous composers were Carl Maria Friedrich, Ernst Von Weber, Frederic Francois Chopin, Robert Schumann, Franz Lizl, Wilhelm and Richard Wagner. Others include Richard Straus, Gaint-Saenz, Sibelius Puccini, Dvorak, Brahms, Bruckner etc. FREDERIC CHOPIN (1810-1849)  Frederic Chopin was a virtuoso pianist, who wrote almost exclusively for the instrument.  The piano went through significant changes during the 19 th century as composers grew more ambitious in range, colours and dynamics. It became a symbol of Romanticism and was enlarged to suit the needs of music-makers like Chopin.  Of his repertoire, the Polish Romantic's own favorites were the Preludes, along with which his Nocturnes, Waltzes, Etudes. Mazurkas, Sonatas and Concertos are still among the most beloved repertoire of pianists today. FRANZ LISZT (1811-1886)  Dubbed as “The World’s First Rock Star”  Liszt was a prolific Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, music teacher, arranger, organist, philanthropist, author, nationalist and a Franciscan tertiary. He was bom on October 22, 1811 and died on July 31, 1886.  He composed Hungarian rhapsodies. A rhapsody is an instrumental composition that has no exact form. It makes use of themes that are lifted from folk music. It has two parts "Losson" or slow dance and “Fuska” the fast dance.  One example of a rhapsody that Liszt composed is the Hungarian Rhapsody No 15 The theme of this composition was taken from the national anthem of Hungary which is the Rackoczy March. Rackoczy in the national hero of Hungary Example of the music Liszt composed is the Liebestraum (Dream of Love). RICHARD WAGNER (1813-1883)  Wagner was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his mature works were later known, "music dramas").  He described this vision in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realized these ideas most fully in the first half of the four-opera cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung).  Wagner wrote both the libretto and the music for each of his stage works.  His most enduring works include The Flying Dutchman, Tannhäuser Tristan und Isolde (Tristan and Isolde), and of course, his monumental Ring Cycle, a work of four operas that takes 15 hours to perform. “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 8 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 6. Modern Modern Music, the music of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. New musical styles been developed such folk, western have been developed such a popular or pop music, rock, jazz, folk, alternative country and western music. New music being introduced by modern composers. With the emergence new technology, were forced consider experimental ways framing their musical ideas. Electronic music, chance music, and minimalist music are the “in thing. “The Sound of Music”, “Miss Saigon” “Les Misérables”, The Phantom of the Opera” are examples of modern music. ARCHILLE-CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862-1918)  22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer.  He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term.  He was among the most influential composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Debussy’s music is noted for its sensory content and frequent use of nontraditional tonalities. The prominent French literary style of his period was known as symbolism, and this movement directly inspired Debussy both as a composer and as an active cultural participant. IGOR STRAVINSKY (1882-1971) ▪ Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky was a Russian composer and conductor with French citizenship and American citizenship. He is widely considered one of the most important and influential composers of the 20th century and a pivotal figure in modernist music. ▪ Stravinsky composed masterpieces in almost every genre, most notably an incomparable series of ballet scores. ▪ Stravinsky's ballet score, The Firebird (1910), was a huge success at the Paris Opera, followed by Petrushka, performed during the Ballets Russes (1911) in Paris. Another outstanding work is The Rite of Spring (1913), which was a dynamic masterpiece. ARNOLD FRANZ WALTER SCHOENBERG (1874-1951) Arnold Schoenberg or Schoenberg was an Austrian and American composer, music theorist, teacher and writer. He was among the first modernists who transformed the practice of harmony in 20th-century classical music, and a central element of his music was its use of motives as a means of coherence. He was known early in his career for simultaneously extending the traditionally opposed German Romantic Style of Brahms and Wagner. Later, his name would come to personify innovations in atonality that would become the most polemical feature of 20th century art music. “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 9 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 JOSEPH MAURICE RAVEL Joseph Maurice Ravel was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He is often associated with Impressionism along with his elder contemporary Claude Debussy, although both composers rejected the term. In the 1920s and 1930s Ravel was internationally regarded as France's greatest living composer. Ravel composed fewer pieces than many of his contemporaries. Among his works to enter the repertoire are pieces for piano, chamber music, two piano concertos, ballet music, two operas and eight song cycles: he wrote no symphonies or church music. Many of his works exist in two versions: first, a piano score and later an orchestration. Some of his piano music, such as Gaspard de la nuit (1908), is exceptionally difficult to play, and his complex orchestral works such as Daphnis et Chloe (1912) require skillful balance in performance. Conclusion The feature of modern music is the breaking down of all traditional aesthetic conventions, thereby unleashing complete freedom in all aesthetic dimensions that include melody, rhythm, and chord progression. Audio-recording technology was centered to the revolutions of modern music. Non- Western music was suddenly open to exploration thus exposing Western composers to countless exotic musical ideas. Until 1973, popular music or pop music in the Philippines was influenced by Western music. Some pop music composers realized that we need our own style and type of pop music distinctly Filipino that would be in with the youth. Joey "Pepe" Smith and the Juan dela Cruz Band experimented on hard rock with the song "Ang Himig Natin which was the first Pinoy rock. Rap music was popular in America. In the Philippines, the first punky rap was popularized by Francis Magalona to encourage the youth to love our country. "Mga Kababayan" was his first punky rap. Later, other Pinoy rappers followed like Andrew E's famous rap "Humanap ka ng Pangil". Up to the present, OPM composers continue to compete with their Western counterparts in creating music. VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES A. MUSICAL INTERPRETATION Select a musical genre below with a title of instrumental music. Give your interpretation by means of art expressions. You can choose from the following: music video, song to be performed, dance, poetry, live painting/painting/poster, film, or digital art. (50 Points) a. Baroque Instrumental Music The Four Seasons by Antonio Vivaldi (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRxofЕтоЗНА) b. Classical Instrumental Music Serenade in G Major called as "Eine kleine Nachtmusik" (A Little Night) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (http//www.youtube.com/watch? v=tZ0nkZat.Jk) c. Romantic Instrumental Music Das Liebesverbot (Forbidden Love) by Richard Wagner (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8aM8FKJDc) d. Modern Instrumental Music Jeux d’eau (Fountains or Playing Water) by Maurice Ravel (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v+Uve15p-LDrc) VII. ASSIGNMENT Review this module for the Chapter Quiz VIII. EVALUATION Quiz IX. REFERENCES A. Books Ariola, M. (2018). Art appreciation. Metro Manila: Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc. “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 10 of 10  Republic of the Philippines NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE IM No. GEARTS-1ST-SEM-2024-2025 Leano, R. & Agtani, J.M. (2018). Art appreciation for college students. Metro Manila: Mindshapers Co., Inc Pagay, J. & Gutierez, M. (2018). Fundamentals of art appreciation. Bulacan: St. Andrew Publishing House, Inc. B. E-Resources Academia.edu (n.d). Reading the Image. Retrieved on October 19, 2020 from https://www.academia.edu/24582046/Reading_the_Image Stewart, J. (2017). Quick Guide to the Rule of Thirds for Artists and Photographers. Retrieved October 19, 2020 from https://mymodernmet.com/rule-of-thirds-definition/ https://thomaskinkadeca.com/realism-vs- romanticism/#:~:text=Realism%20sought%20truth%20in%20the,the%20emotional%2C%20and%20the %20intangible. Prepared by: SHIRLEY C. VENIEGAS Instructor “In accordance with section 185. Fair Use of a Copyrighted Work of Republic Act 8293, the copyrighted works included in this material may be reproduced for educational purposes only and not for commercial distribution.” NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 11 of 10