MAPEH Reviewer (2nd Quarter) PDF
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This document reviews music, including African and Latin music, musical instruments, and vocal forms. It also discusses popular music genres, such as blues, soul, and jazz. The reviewer also covers technology-based art, mobile phone art, computer-generated images, and other related topics.
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MUSIC AFRICAN AND LATIN MUSIC AFRICAN MUSIC - Singing, dancing, hand clapping, and beating of drums are essential in their ceremonies - This has a great influence on global music. - Religious and Political ELEMENTS OF AFRICAN MUSIC Melody - Use of Ostinato (Repeate...
MUSIC AFRICAN AND LATIN MUSIC AFRICAN MUSIC - Singing, dancing, hand clapping, and beating of drums are essential in their ceremonies - This has a great influence on global music. - Religious and Political ELEMENTS OF AFRICAN MUSIC Melody - Use of Ostinato (Repeated pattern). Texture - Musicians play improvisation of the same melody done independently or simultaneously. Rhythm - Upbeat music through percussion instruments or use of human body movements. Maracatu - A dynamic rhythm, first appeared in the African state of Pernambuco. The maracatu is a group that sings, plays and dances. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS Agogo Rasps Atingting Kon Talking Drum (Gangan, Gankogui) Mbira (Karimba, Kisaanj, Likembe) Drums (Dyembre) Griots - Professional musicians that only plays instruments AFRICAN VOCAL FORMS BLUES - Evolved from African Americans during the latter part of 19th century - Expressive and Soulful style of music - Also features chants, shouts and ballad SOUL - Popular music evolved in United States between 1950s and 1960s - Gospel-style music with secular lyrics - Hand clap and body movements are used James Brown - “Godfather of Soul” CALL AND RESPONSE - When a singer announces an opening phrase or call, and the audience utters a response LATIN-AMERICAN MUSIC - Product of three major influences: Indigenous, Spanish-Portuguese and African INDIGENOUS - Use of native instruments like guiro, maracas and turtle shell as zampona and quena AFRO-LATIN - Rich and varied rhythmic patterns produced by drums and various percussion instruments - Influenced by the melodies of the Renaissance Period. CHARACTERISTICS OF AFRO-LATIN MUSIC Highly syncopated rhythm Traditionally played by native percussion instruments Most African-Latin patterns use Clave. DIFFERENT INSTRUMENTS USED IN AFRICAN-LATIN Timbales Conga Bongo Clave Guitar Tres POPULAR LATIN-AMERICAN MUSIC AND DANCE VOCAL FORMS BOSSA NOVA - Rio De Janeiro, Brazil - “Bossa” means either trend or something charming with a swaying feel. - Vocal is mostly performed nasally. REGGAE - Jamaica - Popular music and dance style in the mid-1950s. DANCE FORMS Cumbia (courtship) - Columbia Cha-Cha-Cha - Cuba Mambo - Cuba Rumba (native folk dance) - Cuba Salsa - Cuba Samba - Brazil Tango - Argentina (European Influence) POPULAR MUSIC - “Pop Music” - Contemporary musical styles - Mainstream genre of music - Written by professional songwriter; they often had simple melodies - Black and White American introduced distinctive genres of popular music GENRES OF POPULAR MUSIC BALLAD - Slow form of popular love song. - Slow tempo songs often build to a loud and emotive chorus RHYTHM & BLUES (R&B) - Black popular music of the 1950s - Quadruple meter in danceable speed - Jazz, Gospel and Blues ROCK AND ROLL - Combination of R&B and country-western music characteristics - Revolves around the electric guitar, drums and more. DISCO - A distinguished form of dance music evolved 1970s - “Discotheque” - a dance-oriented night club RAP - Spoken word delivered quickly in rhymed verses - Accompanied by hip-hop music - Rhythmic beat, electronic drum beats with scratch BROADWAY MUSICAL - Operas gets famous through Broadway Musical - Earliest Broadway musicals were written by Americans. JAZZ - Pride of Black Americans - It became popular during 1900s - It has blended elements from varied musical cultures of West African, American and European. HOW DO POPULAR ARTIST BALANCE THEIR GLOBAL AND CULTURE SIDE? - Adaptation to global trends - Staying true to values and messages ART ART IN TECHNOLOGY PDA - Personal Digital Assistant TECHNOLOGY-BASED ART - Computer-generated or manipulated - As technology expands, possibilities for art also expands - Technology will always be part of visual design DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY - Breaking a message or form of communication between two machines or computers. - Digital information is recorded in binary code (0 and 1) also known as bits. NEW MEDIA ART - Computer graphics, animation, virtual art, robotics - Digital Art - The use of electronic and mechanical devices rather than the artist’s very own hand. MOBILE PHONE ART - Features the presence of technologies such as camera, phones, video phone, GPS (Global Position System) - Mobile devices have enabled every citizen to exercise his/her freedom of speech COMPUTER GENERATED IMAGES (CGI) - Application of computer graphics to create images - Pixels - dots that form the onscreen image - Software - Computer program that makes the equipment run. - Computer-Aided Design (CAD) - Softwares that allow artists to create 2D and 3D images. - 2D images - Flat, length and height have no depth - 3D images - Life-like images - 4D images - Images that use time frames (animations etc.) DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND DIGITAL PAINTING PHOTOGRAPHY - Derived from the Greek word “photos” which means light and “graphos” meaning writing. - Art, application, and practice of creating durable images by recording light. DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY - A photography that uses digitized cameras. FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS IN PHOTOGRAPHY LIGHT - It illuminates the scene or subject - Creates a particular mood within the photograph COLOR - Color is one of the main factors responsible for making a photo mysterious. - It captures the viewer's emotion. MOMENT - To tell a captivating story COMPOSITION - Putting together objects in your frame to emphasize the parts you want and make them stand out. DISTANCE - Focal length you need to shoot to get the important parts in the photo. UNDERSTANDING DIGITAL CAMERA POINT AND SHOOT - “Compact camera” - It requires little to no adjustment before capturing a picture. FIELD OR ADVANCED POINT AND SHOOT CAMERA - Manual adjustments and change lenses before capturing a photo. PROFESSIONAL - Greater control over exposure, lenses, color and image resolution. DIGITAL PAINTING - Artwork using a computer. P.E NUTRITION - Consuming, absorbing, and using nutrients from food to support life. - Process of nourishing or being nourished - Food is the source of nutrition OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY - Excess weight - Caused by sedentary lifestyle, metabolic eating disorder, medical condition, physical disabilities, food allergies, and psychological effects caused by eating disorder. - This can lead to heart disease, High blood pressure, Diabetes, Obstructive sleep apnea, High blood Cholesterol and Certain types of cancer EATING DISORDERS ANOREXIA NERVOSA - The person fiercely limits the quantity of food he/she consumes. - Views themselves as overweight even if they are underweight. - This can cause brain damage, bone loss and multi-organ failure. BULIMIA NERVOSA - Repeated binge eating and forces themselves to vomit. - This can cause Gastrointestinal problems, severe hydration, heart difficulties due to electrolyte imbalance. BINGE EATING DISORDER - Frequently lose control over their eating. - Risk of developing CV (Cardiovascular) disease EMOTIONAL EATING - A person uses food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying their hunger. - This affects weight, health and overall well-being PHYSICAL HUNGER (hindi pinakopya ni ms baka hindi kasama but i copied some) Gradual Based on the stomach Stop eating when full Patient EMOTIONAL HUNGER (same with physical hunger) Sudden Urgent Feels guilty MINDFUL EATING - Mindfulness is usually associated with meditation and stress relief but it can also be a powerful tool when choosing what we eat, how we are eating, and how our choices affect our health and that of our environment. Just ask yourself Who, What, When, Where, Why and How. (book) WHO IS GROWING YOUR FOOD? - You should know who is growing and preparing your food. WHAT ARE YOU EATING? - Pay attention to food labels, ingredient lists and sourcing. Avoid foods with content that triggers a stress response in your body. WHEN ARE YOU EATING? - Avoid skipping meals if possible. WHERE DOES YOUR FOOD COME FROM? - Most often, local food will be higher in nutrition simply because it has traveled a shorter distance and varieties chosen are for taste, not shelf stability. WHY ARE YOU EATING? - Keep a food journal and watch for trends in your eating habits. HOW ARE YOU EATING? - Engage your five senses while eating and slowly eat your food to appreciate and savor the experience. HEALTH HEALTH TRENDS ISSUES AND CONCERNS (NATIONAL LEVEL) RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ACT OF 2012 (RA 10354) - Guarantee access on information for contraception, sexual education, maternal care and fertility control CONSIDERATIONS: - Increased rate of maternal and child care problems - Increasing incident cases of STI or STDs especially the youth BENEFITS - Access to services on the RH family planning - RH and sexuality education to the youth - Maternal health care services - Regular funding for the law’s full implementation TOBACCO REGULATION ACT OF 2003 (RA 9211) - Regulating smoking in public spaces, tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, sales restriction - Smoking is prohibited in public transportation vehicles and terminals COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG ACT OF 2002 (RA 9165) - Penalizes any person who participates in the sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery and distribution of any dangerous drugs. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND EDUCATION ACT OF 2008 (RA 9512) - Promotion of Environmental awareness TRADITIONAL AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ACT (TAMA) OF 1997 (RA 8423) - Accelerate the development of traditional and alternative health care in the Philippines - Provide development funds and other purposes PHILIPPINE AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL ACT OF 1998 (RA 8504) HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus AIDS - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - Opportunistic Infections - It makes the immune system weak POLICIES - Promotes public awareness through campaigns promoting value information and employing scientific approaches SEAT BELT USE ACT OF 1999 (RA 8750) - Use seatbelt devices and requires vehicle manufactures to install seatbelt devices - Drivers and passengers are required to wear 3-point seat belts. - Rear seat passengers are required to wear lap belts. - No child under 6 years of age is allowed to occupy the front seat. CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT OF 2012 (RA 10175) - It aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions happening in the Philippines. DATA CRIME - Steals private information of a person. NETWORK CRIME - Network sabotaging and Network interfering. ACCESS CRIME - Unauthorize access, Virus dissemination CYBER FRAUD - Fraudulent activities ANTI-CHILD PORNOGRAPHY ACT OF 2008 (RA 9775) - The state recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation building - It aims to raise awareness about the harms of pornography. - Protect every child from any types of abuse. NATIONAL BLOOD SERVICES ACT OF 1994 (RA 7719) - This act promotes voluntary blood donation to provide for an adequate supply of safe blood. WHAT CAN I GET FROM DONATING BLOOD? Self-worth Spirit of sharing Adequacy of Blood supply To be a hero IMPACT AND WAYS ON MANAGING HEALTH TRENDS AND ISSUES FAMILY PLANNING/CONTRACEPTION - Allows people to attain their desired number of childrens - Achieved through the use of contraceptive methods WAYS OF MANAGING FAMILY PLANNING Natural family Planning TOBACCO SMOKING - Major contributor in heart attacks, cancer, stroke and pulmonary diseases - Secondhand smoke causes lung cancer, stroke and CHD (Coronary or Congenital Heart Disease) WAYS OF MANAGING TOBACCO USE AND ABUSE - Raises Taxes and prices of Tobacco (Sin Tax Law) DANGEROUS DRUG USE AND ADDICTION - Conflict in family and personal relationships - Getting a criminal record - Violence WAYS OF MANAGING DANGEROUS DRUG ABUSE - DILG, DOH, DSWD, TESDA, DDB, PNP - Profiled by DOH who among them are experimental occasional or heavy users ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES - Adoption of Philippines Agenda 2; addressing environmental issues WAYS OF MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Philippine Clean Air Act Ecological Solid Waste Act Philippine Clean Water Act HIV AIDS - Unprecedented spike in HIV infection in youth - Impact: Declining life expectancy, stigma and discrimination, family life and relationship WAYS TO MANAGE: - DOH establishment of National AIDS and STD prevention and Control program. - DSWD’s provision of alternative parental care to children abandoned/neglected by HIV/AIDS - DEPED establishes school curriculum to inform students about HIV/AIDS - DOLE gives workplace education to workers about HIV/AIDS. ROAD SAFETY - Road safety activity can improve health and prevent diseases in other ways WAYS TO MANAGE: - Speed Limit - Distracted driving (Anti-distracted Driving Act of 2016) banning motorist to use communication devices - Drunk and drugged driving (Anti-Drunk and Drugged Driving Act of 2013) Drivers who are intoxicated should not be driving - Motorcycle Safety (Motorcycle Helmet Act of 2009) Motorcyclists must wear a helmet when using a motorcycle CYBERCRIME - Causes emotional impact PORNOGRAPHY - Promotes violence against women and male dominance