Final Exam Pharm Walsh 12_23 PDF

- Metformin - Black box Warning: Lactic Acidosis - Preferred oral Tx for Diabetes Type 2 - Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, poor appetite, metallic taste - Will decrease HA1C - Lugol's Solution - Used during thyroid storm to return levels back...

- Metformin - Black box Warning: Lactic Acidosis - Preferred oral Tx for Diabetes Type 2 - Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, poor appetite, metallic taste - Will decrease HA1C - Lugol's Solution - Used during thyroid storm to return levels back to normal - Non-radioactive iodine - Aspart - Rapid acting insulin - Onset 10-20 mins - Ensure they eat - Cyanocobalamin - Given IM or Sub Q - Used to treat pernicious anemia - Known as vitamin B 12 - Semaglutide - GLP 1 agonist for type 2 Diabetes - Oral agent - Does not cause hypoglycemia - Vitamin D - Critical for the body to use calcium - NPH - Intermediate insulin often given 2x per day - Not used for sliding scale - Epoetin alfa - Used to tx anemia associated with chemotherapy or end stage renal disease - Monitor for serious cardiovascular events - Given Sub Q or IM - Assess BP before administration - Encourage to eat iron rich foods - Stimulate production of red blood cells - PTU - Used to treat Graves or hyperthyroidism - 1 line medication - Monitor thyroid levels and hypothyroidism - Can cause severe liver disease - Negative feedback - Body uses to indicate that it does not need hormone stimulus - Cosyntropin - Used to diagnose adrenocortical insufficiency - Glucagon - Secreted from pancreas in response to decreased blood sugar - Glimepiride - Oral type 2 diabetes medication - Methimazole - Used to treat hyperthyroidism - Can cause agranulocytosis - Monitor LFT, CBC, and TSH - Octreotide - Used to treat acromegaly - Ferrous sulfate - Take with OJ to promote absorption - Take 1-2 horse before or after other meds to avoid interactions - Given for anemia - Vincristine - Chemotherapeutic agent for Hodgkin;s Lymphoma - AE- Nervous system toxicity - Tamoxifen - Used for metastatic breast cancer - Hydrocortisone - Long term effects- moon face - Used for adrenocortical insufficiency - Suppresses immune system - Dapagliflozin - Oral medication for Type 2 diabetes - Does not cause kidney failure - Increases Glucose secretion in the urine - Levothyroxine - Primary medication for hashimotos or hypothyroidism - Monitor TSH throughout therapy - Do not switch brands without telling doctor - Take in morning to decrease insomnia - Not to be used for weight loss - Teach signs of hyperthyroidism (palpitations, weight loss, insomnia, HTN) - Ketoconazole - Used for Cushing disease - Methotrexate - Used for cancers, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis - Regular insulin - Short acting - Onset 30 mins - Used for sliding scale - Can be given IV - Desmopressin - Used for nocturnal enuresis, Diabetes insipidus - Synthetic form of ADH - Monitor fluid intake, BP and neuro status - Filgrastim - Increases neutrophil production in the bone marrow - Enhances cytotoxic function of existing neutrophils - Leukocytes, uric acid, and lactic dehydrogenase are increased - Radioactive I-131 - Destroys follicular cells - Production of T3 and T4 are reduced - Can be used prior to surgery - Can cause bone marrow suppression - Permanent reduction of thyroid function - Can cause hypothyroidism - Thyroid is the only organ affected - Doxorubicin - Chemotherapy agent that causes irreversible cardio toxicity - Technique for mixing insulin - Roll vial, Disinfect, Inject air into cloudy (NPH, ASPART), inject air into clear (regular), Withdraw clear then withdraw cloudy - Clinical manifestations for thyroid storms - Fever, Tachycardia, agitation, restlessness - Education for long term therapy for corticosteroids - Increase calcium - Monitor for signs of infection - Carry Id card - Do not abruptly stop