FEIMI10 2024 Maritime Industry Trade and Transport PDF

FEIMI10-1 24H The Maritime Industry Autumn 2024 Trade and Transport https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60y2uh 0V86c  You need to know Perspective V.S None Why is the maritime industry important?  The most cost-effective way of transpo...

FEIMI10-1 24H The Maritime Industry Autumn 2024 Trade and Transport https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60y2uh 0V86c  You need to know Perspective V.S None Why is the maritime industry important?  The most cost-effective way of transporting high-bulk commodities over long distances  More than 80% of the World’s goods are transported at sea  The only possible way to transport some goods  The most environmentally friendly mode of transport we have at the moment  85.000 Norwegians are employed by the industry  Creates values for 154 billion NOK each year https://unctad.org/publication/review-maritime-transport-2022 The Perspective Economic drivers - Transportation Costs The MARITIME part of the Supply Chain 11/28/2024 4 http://www.maersk.com/en/i International trade Differences in manufacturing costs absolute and comparative advantage Technology New Economic Geography – clusters and product differentiation Differences in natural resources factors of production Temporary imbalances Trade models assume zero transport costs In the long-term transport costs have declined, but it is a matter of supply and demand Limitations of Sea Transport No door-to-door service Transhipment is unavoidable Weather and stormy sea conditions Slow and low-frequency service https://www.marinetraffic.com/en/ais/home/centerx:12.8/centery:62.3/zoom:5 Changes in trade patterns http:// trader2trader.wordpress.com/ 2012/09/09/world-transport- 11/28/2024 Ports in Maritime Supply Chain patterns-land-sea/ 20  Flaggstat er etter havretten staten hvor et fartøy er registrert eller fører flagget til; som angir nasjonaliteten til fartøyet. Det er den enkelte staten som fastsetter vilkårene for å registrere fartøy. Den plikter å sikre at det er en reell tilknytning ('genuin link') mellom fartøyet og flaggstaten slik at den har mulighet til å utøve myndighet over fartøyet. Flaggstaten er forpliktet til å utøve effektiv myndighet – også betegnet som jurisdiksjon – over fartøy som fører dets flagg i form av lovgivning og håndheving av denne for sikre fartøyene oppfyller dens folkerettslige forpliktelser. Dette omfatter blant annet lovgivning for å ivareta sjøsikkerhet og til å forebygge forurensning. Dersom det skjer et forlis med påfølgende forurensingsskade, kan https://unctad.org/topic/transport-and-trade-logisti cs Drivers of trade and transport Political Environme ntal Financi al Worl Econom ic d Trad e Technic Logistic al s Political drivers - Globalization 11/28/2024 Port Business 34 Political drivers - Conflicts and disputes – e.g. Embargoes “The U.S. export regulations restrict imports and exports to certain destinations without a U.S. Government authorization (called "license") Embargoes sanctions: RUSSIA, CUBA, IRAN, NORTH KOREA, SUDAN, and SYRIA prohibit ALL transactions (including imports and exports) without a license authorization”. 11/28/2024 Port Business http://www.export.pitt.edu/ 35 embargoed-and-sanctioned-countries Political drivers - Trade Policy Political Drivers Which instruments have governments for intervention in international trade? Seven main instruments are identified Globalization Tariffs Open Markets Subsidies Trade policy Import quotas Internet/open access Voluntary export restraints CO2 footprint Local content restraints Security/piracy Antidumping policies Bureaucracy (customs, vet.) Administrative policies Taxation 11/28/2024 http://slideplayer.com/slide/1601191/ 36 https://www.comparitech.com/blog/vpn-privacy/internet-censorship- map/ The war in Ukraine V.S. Tradwe and Tansport youtube.com Political drivers - Security The cliché is true: On September the 11th, 2001, the world changed drastically! Out of the infamous attacks there has emerged a heightened sense of recognition for the role that security must play in the post-9/11 world. This is especially true of the international maritime shipping industry, an industry that accounts for approximately 80% of the world’s trade. The stability of the world economy rests on the shipping industry, and the stability of the shipping industry, in turn, relies heavily on Port Security. These facts are especially evident in the Western Hemisphere, where maritime shipping and transportation play an essential role to the healthy development of the economies of CIP member states. The subject of port security, therefore, is one of extreme relevance to the seafaring 11/28/2024 39 members of the OAS Trade and Transport Political Financial Economic World Trade 11/28/2024 40  Not just business, China wants influence too Trade and Transport Economic drivers - GDP growth Illustration: Peter C. Espina/GT 11/28/2024 Port Business 41 By Li Xunlei Source http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/  For more info on shipping and economy you can Google Trade – Supply & Demand Multiplying effects 11/28/2024 43  Trade and Transport Economic drivers - World trade An unintended crisis: COVID-19 restrictions hit sea transportation Inga Heiland, Karen-Helene Ulltveit-Moe 17 May 2020 https://voxeu.org/article/covid-19-restrictions-hit-sea-transportation 11/28/2024 46 http://scenariothinking.org Trade and Transport Political Financial Economic World Trade 11/28/2024 47 Trade and Transport Logistics drivers - Hub-and-spoke Transshipment hubs: connecting global and regional maritime shipping networks “Transshipment was initially developed to service smaller ports unable to accommodate large containerships, which is commonly because of limited draft and port infrastructure. However, as maritime networks became increasingly complex, specialized transshipment hubs emerged”. http://www.porteconomics.eu/2015/09/17/transshipment-hubs-connecting -global-and-regional-maritime-shipping-networks/ http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb364.html 11/28/2024 48 Trade and Transport Political Financial Economic World Trade 11/28/2024 49  http://www.porteconomics.eu/ Trade and Transport Technical drivers - Globalization http://slideplayer.com/slide/797 11/28/2024 50  http://www.porteconomics.eu/ Trade and Transport Technical drivers - Information systems 11/28/2024 51 http://review.gemalto.com/post/infographic-m2m- seaport-solutions-in-action-brazil-iot Trade and Transport Political Financial Economic World Trande 11/28/2024 Port Business 52  Trade and Transport Financial drivers - Monetary policy The institution of money is […] a powerful instrument promoting wealth and welfare. But the number of units of money embodied in the instrument is, in general, of no significance. A.C Pigou, The Veil of Money 1949, gjengitt fra Steigum, 2008, Moderne Makroøkonomi. 11/28/2024 Port Business 53 http://www.slideshare.net/jaaannaaat/monetary-pol icy-theoritical Trade and Transport Financial drivers - Fund policy 11/28/2024 54 Trade and transport Political Financi al Worl Econom ic d Trad Environme e ntal Technic Logistic al s  Trade and Transport OXFORD University: