Introduction to the Maritime Industry PDF

FEIMI10-1 23H Introduction to the Maritime Industry Autumn 2024 Shipping History - In a brief glance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60y2uh 0V86c Introduction to the Maritime Industry Just to remind you what we expect from you: Learn more about th...

FEIMI10-1 23H Introduction to the Maritime Industry Autumn 2024 Shipping History - In a brief glance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60y2uh 0V86c Introduction to the Maritime Industry Just to remind you what we expect from you: Learn more about the Maritime Industry in Norway and Globally; The tribal language; learn the use of written and oral maritime English; Be able to write a report including the tribal language 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 2 Introduction to the Maritime Industry The brief history In ancient times, boats were expressions of technology in its most advanced form https://africame.factsanddetails.com/article/entry-206.html 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 3 Introduction to the Maritime Industry Exploring the World Leif Eriksson and Vinland; America Went from Greenland to serv under King Olav Tryggvason A Norse explorer widely held to have been the first European to reach the shores of North America (yr 1000) Although he may not have been the first to sight its coast https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leif- 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history Erikson 4  Introduction to the Maritime Industry Exploring the World Christopher Columbus Four transatlantic voyages: 1492–93, 1493–96, 1498–1500, and 1502–04 Opened the way for European exploration, exploitation, and colonization of the Americas Believed he landed near India when they first hit land. Therefore, the West Indies. 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 5 Introduction to the Maritime Industry Exploring the World Ferdinand Magellan's fleet Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan's fleet of five ships after their departure from Spain on September 20, 1519 The aim was to find the Spice Islands Magellan was the first to cross the Pacific Ocean and circumnavigate the world The voyage was long and dangerous, nobody knew what to find https://www.britannica.com/technology/ship/History-of-ships https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/ferdinand-magellan 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 6  Introduction to the Maritime Industry Exploring the World This did not happen; the earth is not flat However, Out of five ships and 270 crew members only one ship an 18 of the crew returned after three years But the ship was laden with valuable spices; Commodities to be traded 11/28/2024 7 Trade The first sea trade network was developed 5000 years ago between the Mesopotamia, Baharain and the Indus River in western India. Exchanging oil and dates for copper and possibly ivory 8 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 8 Major accidents and effects on rules and regulations SOLAS was first conceived in response to one of the most famous maritime disasters there is: the sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912. 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 9  https://grist.org/climate-energy/2009-03-23-twenty-years- after-spill/ BUT attention was drawn to the question of tanker safety as oil was spilled and lives were lost in 12 major incid -and-a-rogues-list.html or the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the main international convention covering pre The Exxon Valdez spill in Prince William Sound, ted on 2 November March 1989 1973 at IMO. The Protocol of 1978 was adopted in response to a spate of tanker accide -and-a-rogues-list.html Exxon Valdez dumped nearly 11 million of gallons of crude oil into Alaskan waters, resulting in the most severe impacts on the environment of any spill anywhere. https://response.restoration.noaa.gov/argo-merchant-grounding-and-oil-spill #slideshow-1 Argo Merchant ran aground on 15 December 1976 off Nantucket (USA) spilling 183,000 barrels of oil and causing a slick 160 km (100 miles) long and 97 km wide 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 10 Load lines – the Plimsol mark 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 11  Load lines – the Plimsol mark “Merchant ships have a marking on their hulls known as the Plimsoll line or the Plimsoll mark, which indicates the limit until which ships can be loaded with enough cargo. Internationally, the Plimsoll line on a ship is officially referred to as the International load line. Every type of ship has a different level of floating and the Plimsoll line on a ship generally varies from one vessel to another. Technically, no ship is able to absolutely float above, as it travels across the waters. A certain portion of the ship is always immersed in the seawater and the level of submerging is decided by the gross weight of the respective ship. Even the type of water in which the ship is floating influences the application of the load line. Sometimes even the oceanic regions and changing seasons affect the Plimsoll mark, as well. Researchers have found out that the temperature and salinity of the water also plays a key role in deciding the height until which the ship rests in the water” 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 12 Load lines – the Plimsol mark S – Summer :- It is the basic freeboard WNA – Winter North Atlantic :- It is marked line at the same level as the Plimsoll 50mm below the Winter load line. It applies to Line. Other load lines are marked based voyages in North Atlantic ( above 36 degrees on this Summer freeboard line of latitude) during winter months. Ship’s length not exceeding 100 m T – Tropical :- It is 1/48th of summer draft marked above the Summer load F – Fresh Water :- It is the summer fresh water line load line. The distance between S and F is the Fresh Water Allowance (FWA)mm = Displ / (4 x W – Winter :- It is 1/48th of summer TPC) draft marked below the Summer load line TF – Tropical Fresh Water :- It is the fresh water load line in Tropical. It is marked above the T at L – Lumber, for ships carrying timber an amount equal to FWA 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 13 Load lines – the Plimsol mark 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 14 Development – oil tankers Alfred Nobel’s brothers, Ludvig and Robert were entrepreneurial in the development of the oil industry in Russia. In 1878 Zoroaster, the first oil tanker was built in Sweden. Their profit in business also led to Alfred Nobel’s wealth. 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 15 - and then they grew in size Sizes depend on trade, and often the different sizes are named according to possibilities and limitations Panamax Aframax Suezmax Handymax Capesize Chinamax 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 16 ULCC Seawise Giant (1976) – also named 1989–1991: «Happy Giant», 1991–2004: «Jahre Viking», 2004–2009: «Knock Nevis», 2009–2010: «Mont» 485.45 m in length, beam 68,9m and draught 24.6 m (80.74 ft), it was incapable of navigating the English Channel, the Suez Canal, or the Panama Canal. Fully loaded, 657,019 tonnes, which made her possess the greatest deadweight tonnage ever recorded. The ship could reach up to 16.5 knots in good weather Today, many ULCCs serv as floating storage and offloading units - FSOs 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 17 The shipping container - Malcolm P. McLean a truck driver, fundamentally transformed the centuries-old shipping industry, an industry that had long decided that it had no incentive to change McLean invented and patented the first standard shipping container in 1956, in USA In April 1956, the first container ship, the Ideal X, departed from Port Newark and successfully made its route to Houston with It carried 58 35-feet containers 11/28/2024 18 The shipping container - a logistics revolution Increased safety Reduced manual labor Outside (H x B x L): 2591/2438/6058 mm Inside(H x B x L): 2390/2350/5898 Increased efficiency mm Door opening (H x B): 2280/2343 mm Weight,empty: 2220 kg Payload, net: 28 260 kg Total weight: Volume: 30 480 kg 33,1 m3 Intermodality 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 19 Shipping containers ISO-standard Most common are: 20 feet: TEU = twenty-foot equivalent unit 40 feet: FEU = forty-foot equivalent unit A container vessel are always rated in TEU Plus, many other types Container handling equipment is built to the ISO-standard 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 20 The Container CONTAINER SIZES Length Width Height Volum 20 ft (6.1 m) 8 ft (2.44 m) 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) 38.5 m3 (1,360 cu ft) 40 ft (12.2 m) 8 ft (2.44 m) 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) 77 m3 (2,720 cu ft) 45 ft (13.7 m) 8 ft (2.44 m) 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m) 86.6 m3 (3,060 cu ft) High cube 20 ft (6.1 m) 8 ft (2.44 m) 9 ft 6 in (2.90 m) 43 m3 (1,520 cu ft) Half height 20 ft (6.1 m) 8 ft (2.44 m) 4 ft 3 in (1.30 m) 19.3 m3 (680 cu ft) 11/28/2024 Ports Today 21 Container vessels Container ships get more and more advanced Container ships are built in many sizes and varieties dependent on the trade. Container handling is an equipment intensive and specialized trade You can measure the world trade on the flow of containers (TEU) 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 22 Introduction to the Maritime Industry You might find these tools helpful: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdr2022_en.pdf https://www.maritimt-forum.no/documents/Maritim-verdiskapingsrapport-2022-Endelig- versjon.pdf 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 23 Introduction to the Maritime Industry ANY QUESTIONS? 11/28/2024 IMI – brief history 24