6-2 The Archaic Period PDF

6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 1. is the archaic period - no this is our first period that is not based on a type based on a type of ma- of material terial? 2. why it this period - it is called the archaic period because it is the name calle...

6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 1. is the archaic period - no this is our first period that is not based on a type based on a type of ma- of material terial? 2. why it this period - it is called the archaic period because it is the name called the archaic peri- for the period before the classical period which is the od? highest point of Greek Culture 3. t/f: there is a ma- true jor change in pot- tery in that it the geometric style is re- placed with eastern in- fluenced styles 4. what are the 2 sys- - we see tyrants and oligarchies tems of government in the archaic period that we see? 5. what is an oligarchy? - this is a form of government which is run by a small group of people often based on factors such as wealth, family ties, military strength or political influence. 6. what is a tyranny? This is a type of government with one person ruling with unlimited power who took over. 7. is there a struggle be- - yes there is tween the tyrants and the oligarchies? 8. explain the strug- - the struggle is that the oligarchies upset the people gle between the oli- in society and so a populous leader (tyrant) is able to garchies and the rise up and ultimately take over the oligarchies and tyrants. become a tyrant. - after some generations or two the tyrannies col- lapse and this was maybe due to the children not being as successful as the original tyrant and then the oligarchies replace them 1 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n - therefore, there is this back and forth between these two systems of government 9. the archaic period is marble the start of large-scale __________ struc- tures 10. the archaic period coinage is the start of ______________. 11. we also see the start temples of __________ being built and the acropolis takes on this format 12. how are Greek tem- - they are different in that this is not actually a place ples different from of worship. other temples that we - the temples are believed to be the houses of the have looked at? Gods and the gods live in the temples through stat- ues. 13. therefore, do people - no they dont, but sometimes there is an alter out- actually spend time in- side of the temple where people gather outside in the side the temple? open air and perform their rituals outside 14. what is surrounding - a bunch of columns that create an area around the the outside of the tem- temple is called the peristyle ple? 15. what is the name for - the adyton the back room of the temple? 16. what is the name of - stylobate the raised platform that the temple is on? 2 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 17. does the temple have - yes it does a west facing entrance like the other temples we have looked at? 18. since only the gods - this tells us that society has a huge investment in live in the temples, the gods as they are huge structures what does this tell us - society is putting all this money into them to make about the Greek cul- them so big in order to please the gods ture? 19. so in summary, what is - the Adyton is the back room the Adyton, Stylobate, - the Stylobate is the raised platform and the Peristyle? - the Peristyle is the area around the temple sur- rounded by columns. 20. the Greeks temples orders took on a couple standardized formats so instead of style- ing the columns in any style, they had a couple main patterns that they followed and these were referred to as __________. 21. what are the two types - the Doric order and the Ionic Order of orders for the Greek temples? 22. what is the Doric or- - this is the oldest and simplest type of coloumn der? design on temples. 3 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 23. what is the capital - this is the top part of the column and it is usually referred to on the simple and squared shaped in the Doric Order columns? 24. what is a Frieze? - this is a decoration that runs all the way around the walls 25. what components - the Metope and the Triglyph make up the Doric Frieze? 26. what is the metophe? - is the part that has the sculpted design on it 27. what is the Triglyphs? - these are channels in between the metopes 28. does the Doric or- - no they dont, instead it is individual designs in der have a continuous individual metopes all the way around. long relief? 29. explain what the - they are wide and fluted (lines going down them) columns are like on the Doric order tem- ple? 30. what is the Ionic or- - this is another style of coloumn for the temple der? 4 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 31. how are the columns - they are different in that the Ionic order also has a different in the Ionic base as well as a capital order compared to the Doric order? 32. is the design of the - no they arent capital on the Ionic or- der the same as the Doric order? 33. how does the Ionic or- - it differs by being more complex and elborate and der captial differ? not as simple. - it almost looks like a scroll 34. what do the columns - they are still fluted but they are much thinner than look like on the Ionic the Doric order order? 35. t/f: the Ionic order has - yes it does and this is different from the Doric in that a continuous relief? the Doric order has alternating Metope and Triglyphs 36. t/f: there is a big shift true in marble in the archa- ic period 37. who did the Greeks - they learned it from the Egyptians learn their marble technique from? 38. the Arachaic marble nude and fully clothed structure had men that were __________ and women that were ________ clothed. 39. how were the Arachi- -they were used a grave markers, votives, and cult ac marble structures statues used? 40. what are cult statues? 5 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n - these are statues that are meant to represent the god (ie. for worship) 41. the marble structures rigid are very formulaic and __________. 42. what is the notable ex- - we see the development of the archaic smile and pression of the archa- almond shaped eyes ic statues that we dont see in other statues? 43. what is the archaic - this is the smile that was developed onto the statues smile? in the archaic period. 44. Kouroi is the name man and women for the ___________ and Korai is the name for the ____________ (man and woman) 45. explain the pose of - the men have a distinct pose in that they have one these sculptures in foot infront of the other with thier hands straight down terms of males and fe- beside them. males - the women have one hand on thier chest and they have thier feet together 46. t/f: the pose is some- true thing that was adopt- ed from the Egyptians but the smile and al- mond shaped eyes is something distinct to the Archaic people. 47. what is polychromy? - this is the term for multi-coloured decoration of objects, usually decoration of statuary 6 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 48. overtime, is there usu- - yes there is and this is because of the different ally a loss of coloured minerals and elements that make up the paint. statues? if yes, why? 49. is some of the paint re- yes it is served on these stat- ues 50. t/f: In antiquity they al- false; they always made coloured ones and the paint ways made plain white just fell off over time marble statues, that is why we see them to- day 51. what is numismatics? - this is the study of coins 52. what is a coin? - this is a piece of metal with distinguishing marks and issued by government authority for use as mon- ey 53. what is money? - something generally accepted as payment for the goods and services 54. what is barter? - this is the trade of goods and services for other goods and services 55. what is the obverse - this is the heads side side of the coin? 56. what is the reverse - this is the tails side of the coin? 7 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 57. t/f: barter is very com- true mon in late antiqui- ty as a form of pay- ment and in antiquity they never fully adopt money as an exclusive form of payment 58. where is the earliest - no it is not in Greece it is acutally found in Anatolia coin found? is it in (modern Turkey) Greece? 59. what type of material - they were made from electrum. were the earliest coins made from? 60. what is electrum? - this is naturally occurring gold and silver alloy which is rare in the world but it is common in Lydia 61. why were people hes- - it is because the people didnt know the proportion itant to accept these of gold and silver in it and therefor they were hesitant coins from lydia be- to accept it fore they were pro- duced in the govern- ment? 62. so, since people were - they decided to produce government official hesitant to accept coinage so that people can guarantee the coinage coins that were not that they are getting produced by the gov- ernment, what did the government decide to do? 63. in Lydia, what did the - they stamped thier coins with a lions head and this government stamp thi- was the general symbol for the Kingdom of Sardis er coins with? 8 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n 64. was the lions head on - it was on the obverse the obverse or reverse side? 65. what was on the re- - there was no design, it is just a stamp and this was verse side of the coin? due to the hammer imprinting the lions head onto the front of the coin and then the back of the coin taking all the impact. 66. overall, stamping the guarantee coins through the government was a _____________ for the amount of gold and silver that you were getting when ex- changing coins for goods. 67. were these electrum - no they werent coins common out- side of Lydia? 68. under what king was - under the King of Lydia there the separation of - this is an example of pure gold coins 9 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n coins into having gold - notice the lion on it. this should tell you that it is from and silver coins? the Lydians (ie. Anatolia) 69. since we now have spread coins that were split into gold and silver, the coins _________ out of Lydia and Ana- tolia into other cities. 70. what was the size of - they were fairly small because gold and silver are the gold and silver very valuable and dont need to be big to be valuable coins? 71. does Greece end up - yes they do adopting coinage from the Lydians? 72. How do coins develop - Greece is a bunch of individual city states so we in Greece (hint: think see that each city starts to strike thier own coins individual city-state) 73. t/f: each coin in true Greece had its own symbol to represent the city 74. could the coins in - no they werent able to Greece be traded be- tween cities? 75. why were the coins - this is because the coins had different weights so not able to trad- they werent accepted anywhere but their own city ed between cities in Greece? 76. 10 / 11  6-2 The Archaic Period Study online at https://quizlet.com/_g9q98n what notable animal - an owl is on reverse of the - the coin also had an ATH for athena on it Athenian coin? - the coin is sometimes called the owl because of this 77. t/f: the modern day true greek coins still have the owl on them 78. each city in Greece patron has its own _______ deity which is the god they worshipped so they have thier coins made with this God and it makes it easy to track cities because of this. 11 / 11