Exercises 2.pdf

1 Individual Assignments Directions: First, identify the type of tense(s) used in the following paragraphs. Then, write the correct form of the verbs given in parenthesis in the following paragraphs. a. What type of tenses is dominantly used in the following paragraphs? b. R...

1 Individual Assignments Directions: First, identify the type of tense(s) used in the following paragraphs. Then, write the correct form of the verbs given in parenthesis in the following paragraphs. a. What type of tenses is dominantly used in the following paragraphs? b. Rewrite the right form of the verbs in the following paragraphs after identifying the type of tense you might detect. 1. Anan Dibaba enjoys running 10 KMS every Sunday. She usually_____ (wake) up early in the morning and (take)_____________a shower at about 6:30 AM. She often (like) _____________ to run wearing eye-catching shorts. 2. HIV/AIDS has become the worst enemy of mankind. People have repeatedly (voice) ___________that it has been (send)____________from God to kill people because of their sins. Be it a punishment or a reward, scientists have_____ (come) up with methods of controlling the spread of the disease by identifying its characteristics and ways of transmission. For instance they have (make)______________ it clear that it attacks the immunity system of mankind by destroying the WBC. They have also (find)___________out that HIV is transmitted through blood contact and deep kissing with HIV infected partner. Having known the characteristics of the disease, researchers have (forward)____treatment. But they haven‟t been yet able to cure the disease. Has it really been sent from God? 3. Once upon a time a beautiful girl went to hell because of her wrong doing when she was alive. She first got shocked as she (see)______________that people in it (be)__________screaming(shattering) when they were put into a flame, in snow, or put on a thorny grass. She asked one of them why they were suffering in such a way. The guy answered that it (be)______ because of what they did when they (be)________on the earth. Extremely terrified (scared) to experience things in hell, the pretty girl prayed God not to even think of what she (does)________when she was on the earth. God listened to her and (send)________her back to earth. From that day till she died again, she lived with animals because of the temptation (attraction) of humans to wrong doing. Conditionals Insert the appropriate verb after identifying the type of tense 4. If English were spoken outside the classroom more regularly, students (get)_______more chances to practice it so as to improve their communications through English language. Similarly, if they (have)________extra exercises in writing at their respective high schools, they would become confident enough about their writing skills in the university. Had it been student centered approach, learners/students (improve)________their English. Unless all the skills get equal 1  2 attention in the near future, learners (not advance)_______their English to employ it in their real communication sceneries. 5. Complete the following conditional sentences. a. Had she had enough money,___________________________________________ b. He would succeed if_________________________________________________ c. She will arrive in time if _____________________________________________ d. Unless she studies hard,______________________________________________ e. If you heat ice, _____________________________________________________ 6. Decide individually whether the following sentences are RIGHT or WRONG. Rewrite them if you find them wrong. a. She is write the note just at the moment.___________________________________ b. The number of students are increasing in the class.__________________________ c. The teacher teaching English.__________________________________________ d. The girl does has two sister in the university._______________________________ e. The childs are play on the corridor. ______________________________________ Part I: Underline the right form of the verbs. 1. The dean (visit / visits) our dormitory once a month. 2. Yonatan and his wife (eat / eats) vegetables most of the time. 3. My brother (does / do) not like coffee. 4. The guards (open / opens) the gate at about six in the morning. 5. One of our teachers (like / likes) football. Reading 2 A. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow it. Impacts of Chewing Chat 1. Chewing Chat is a traditional practice which has continued and spread over many years. Different groups hold different views on the question of chewing. The question is, should it be encouraged as a cultural practice or be banned for medical reasons? This is a serious problem in eastern African countries where chat chewing has reached epidemic proportions among the student population. 2. Chewers, on the other hand, contend that it does postpone or wad off fatigue and contributes to concentration of mind as a stimulant. They also claim that it reduces the chewer‟s desire for food, drink and sexual provoke which may distract his concentration on studies. At any rate, it is the lesser of several evils such as drinking, gambling and smoking. It has also been established as a means of generating considerable income. 2  3 3. Medical authorities, however, have questioned if any of these apparent advantages are real. They maintain that it leads to loss of appetite, malnutrition, and addiction, state of sleeplessness and impotent, which results in ineffective sexual intercourse with a partner. The chewer‟s physical and moral stamina would, thus, gradually weaken. After all, chewing is accompanied by chain smoking and excessive drinking known as Chebsi. 4. In other words, the habit, once, deep-rooted becomes unbreakable that the student chewer will gradually tend himself spending precious hours sitting around fellow chewers and gossiping or wasting time when he should be studying or pursuing his lessons. When one compares the evidence from reputable medical authorities with the hearsay evidence of traders and users of chat, the advantages of chat appear to be negligible in comparison to its disadvantages. 5. Nowadays, this habit has reached epidemic proportions not only in central and south – eastern Africa but also in all Universities of this country including north-western regions where it was abominable before two or three decades ago. Authorities in charge of such affairs should therefore, ban this product by law or by tradition to save the generation from an irresistible drug addiction. Comprehension Questions Part One: Choose the best answer from the given alternatives and write it on the space provided.(1 point each) _____1. The supporters of this practice argue that chat has __________ A. A stimulating effect B. an addictive quality C. an economic benefit D. A & C ____2. The word “authorities “in paragraph 4 denotes_____________________ A. Government officials B. Medical doctors C. Traditional healers D. Traders ____3. What the writer wants to convey with the word “malnutrition”? A. Nourishment B. Lack of proper diet C. loss of appetite D. ineffective sexual intercourse ____4. According to the writer, chewing chat does have the following adverse impact on chewers except______________ A. Loss of sexual appetite B. Nourishment C. sleeplessness D. A & C ____5. In the last paragraph, the writer states _____________________ A. The proportional status of chewing habit in central and south-eastern Africa including Ethiopia. B. How responsible authorities should give due attention to ban the chat product. C. How to alleviate the lives of generation from a mouth-watering drug obsession. 3  4 D. All can be the answer Part Two: Say TRUE or FALSE based on the information given in the reading passage ____6. According to the passage, the chewing habit, once, it has become natural, is short-lived that the chewer will progressively tend himself spending precious hours with fellow chewers. _____7. Chewer students do not believe that chewing chat helps delay exhaustion and contributes to concentration on their studies. _____8. According to paragraph 1, chewing chat has reached outbreak proportions among the student population in all African countries. _____9. In the passage, there is no place where the writer reveals his/her own comment on what to be done to forbid the production of chat. _____10. The writer seems to be against chewing chat in his attitude. Part Three: Explain what the following pronouns refer to in the passage. _____11. They (paragraph 3, line 2) refers to____________________________ _____12.this (paragraph 5, line 1) refers to______________________________ ____13. His (paragraph 2, line 3) refers to ______________________________ ____14. It (paragraph 2, line 1) refers to _________________________________ ____15. This (paragraph 1, line 3) refers to _______________________________ Part Four: Match the following vocabularies from reading passage listed under „A‟ with their similar words/expressions stated under „B‟ A B ___16. Hearsay a. epidemic ___17. Impotent b. abominable ___18. Provoke c. unconfirmed report ___19. Contend d. argue ___20. Unbreakable e. aggravate f. powerless g. permanent 4  5 Reading 3 Traditional Marriage in Ethiopia 1. Marriages, in almost all nations and nationalities in Ethiopia, are often arranged by the parents of the bride and the groom after a great deal of negotiation. According to traditional beliefs and culture in Ethiopia, the bride must be virgin when marriage takes place. The bride‟s virginity is highly valued and respected. If, in case, a bride lost her virginity, it would damage the total relationship among the parents. It brings crises among all the families. The bride will be considered bandit and taken as a dishonest and insincere woman that no one respects her in her daily life communications. But males are unrestricted to do whatsoever they want to do regarding sexual practicing. No one enquires whether a male has practiced sexual activity before marriage or not. Even, in some societies, the males‟ parents encourage them to practice sexual intercourse repeatedly ahead of the actual marriage engagement. 2. Age is also one factor that rural women in particular tend to marry at a very young age than their husbands. In the past, it was used to be the custom for the bridegroom to be 30 years of age when getting married. 3. Traditionally, the groom‟s parents search for a bride for their son. Before they make any contact with the bride‟s parents, they conduct investigation to make sure that the families are not related in blood and/or check their kinship. In the past, they were expected to make research that they should count back their kinship lines to see their being far from each other in affinity by seven generations, but now five generations is becoming acceptable. Once this has been done, the boy‟s parents then make contact with the bride‟s parents through a mediator. The mediator; hence, goes to the home of the potential bride and asks if their daughter will marry the son of the other parents. The bride‟s parents often impose conditions and the mediator will take the message to the groom‟s parents; then they arrange a date for both parents to meet at a mutually convenient time and the whereabouts of the ceremony. 4. When the parents have reached an agreement, then the man and the woman get engaged. The parents then set a wedding date and they meet all the wedding expenses. The bride and groom first see each other on their wedding day. In some areas, the groom may see his future wife in a hidden way without the bride‟s wakefulness. Both parents prepare food and drink for the wedding ceremony and invite guests to accompany and celebrate with them. The groom goes to the bride‟s house to take his future wife. The wedding ceremony starts with dances and music; and the bride‟s parents give the groom a dowry, in most cases money and cattle. At the end of the ceremony, the groom takes his bride to his parents‟ house. The groom takes the bride‟s virginity during the first three days after the marriage. In some areas, it happens immediately just the night of the wedding day. The honeymoon will last between one to three weeks. This takes place at the husband‟s parent house. After the honeymoon, the couple returns to the house of the bride‟s parents where they stay together for a set time; with the best man/men being available. 5  6 During the honeymoon, the bride is not allowed to go out during the day time; she is only allowed to go out after sunset. 5. In some societies, a husband may have 2 to 4 wives based on his economic status. This is taken as a means of having many children to elongate the clan he belongs to. It is also traditionally considered as a sign of high status among societies. For some, it is also taken as a means of boredom free that a husband spontaneously wonders here and there to satisfy his sexual desire. Comprehension Questions 1. Explain what each of the body paragraphs below is about? A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 1 D. Paragraph 5 2. Guess the contextual meaning of the following words. A. unrestricted (Para. 1 line 6) B. kinship (Parag. 2 line 3) C. boredom (parag. 5) D. dowry (Parag 4) 3. Explain what each of the following pronouns refers to in the passage. A. Their (parag. 2 line 6) B. They (para.3 line 2) C. His (last para. & last line) D. This (para 4. Line 10) 4. Summarize the passage in your own words into one paragraph without distracting the message of the text. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 5. According to the passage, one of the following statements is not true. A. Parents could be proud if their daughters found deflowered before marriage. B. Ancestral lines must be investigated before interaction for marriage. C. The bride has no right to see her future husband before engagement. D. Husbands are not accused for their practicing sexual intercourses before marriage. 6  7 5. According to the passage, the bride is not allowed to go outside. What additional similar experience can you add to this?____________________________________________________ 6. Write the three typical reasons stated in the text that in some societies a husband may have more wives based on his economic status. A.____________________________________________________________________________ B.____________________________________________________________________________ C.____________________________________________________________________________ Reading Assignment (individual) Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow it. For centuries, the role of women and men in any particular country remains unchanged. However, modern technology has spread into most societies and has facilitated men and women to enter new roles some of which have been very beneficial. The role of women has shifted from the homemaker to the outside working world. This change has widened women‟s point of view. Women can now better understand men and the problem they face every day in their jobs. Because women are more knowledgeable about the world, they are now more prepared to take on decision –making roles. Their solutions to problems may be very different from those of men‟s. Men‟s roles have changed dramatically as well. It is no longer a man‟s world. Husbands find that with their wives helping to support the family, they are helping to do many chores that were not considered mainly before. In activities such as taking care of children, men have learned more nurturing habits. Men also no longer view women as sex objects, as helpless, mindless grown children, but as adults with decision-making abilities. Such experiences have helped men acquire a different, more positive attitude towards women and children. Part One: Say True/false based on the reading passage. 1. For eras, the role of women and men in any particular country remains the same. 2. The role of women has moved from the homemaker to the outside working world. 3. Men‟s roles have unchanged according to the reading text. 4. Men view women as sex objects, as helpless, mindless grown children of God. Part Two: Reference Questions 1. Their (paragraph 3, line 2) refers to__________________________________ 2. They(paragraph 3 line 2) refers to___________________________________ 3. This(paragraph 2 line 1) refers to____________________________________ 4. They(paragraph 2 line 3) refers to____________________________________ 5. Their(paragraph 2 last line) refers to__________________________________ 7  8 Part Three: Write the correct form of the verbs given in the following sentences. 1. They__________(collect) water from the river every morning. 2. What__________(Mulu do) right now ? she______(wash) her hair. She ______(wash) it twice a week. 3. ______________(you like coffee) ? No, I _____( prefer) tea. 4. ______________(you know) where Bogale ___________(live) ? 5. She usually__________(wear) a sweater when she ______ (go) to school. 6. It will be too late to play the match unless they ______(arrive) soon. 7. What _________(you do) if you miss the bus? Part Four: Fill the following dialogue with the appropriate expressions. Sifan: Good morning. I‟m Sifan Roban, from Bishoftu town. Sofia: Glad to meet you. I‟m ________________, from Harar. Sifan: How do you do? Sofia: __________________________________________ Sifan: Pretty fine. Thank you. Sofia: ________________________________________________________ Sifan: No, I don‟t know the name of the students dean. Ask some other students. Sofia: It‟s getting late. I‟ve to go._______________. Sifan: See you too. 8