EU2 Notes 2 - Water Distribution System PDF

AC 312 - Engineering Utilities 2 b. Commercial and Industrial – Supplying businesses and PLUMBING – NOTES 2 industries....

AC 312 - Engineering Utilities 2 b. Commercial and Industrial – Supplying businesses and PLUMBING – NOTES 2 industries. c. Firefighting – Providing high pressure water for Fire Water Supply System – is an infrastructure Hydrants. designed to provide water to community for d. Irrigation – providing water for various uses. agricultural purposes. KEY COMPONENTS 1. Water Source PARTS OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM a. Surface Water: Lakes, Rivers and Reservoirs. b. Groundwater: Wells, Aquifers c. Desalination: Conversion of seawater to freshwater. 2. Water Treatment a. Coagulation and Flocculation – Removing of Particles from water. b. Sedimentation – Settling of suspended particles. c. Filtration – Removing finer particles. 1. Water Main (Street Main) - a water d. Disinfection – killing harmful supply pipe for public or community use microorganisms. controlled by the public authority. 3. Storage 2. Water Service Pipe – The pipe from the a. Tanks and Reservoirs – holding water main or other approved source of treated water until it’s needed, water supply to the building or ensuring steady pressure and structure served. supply. 3. Water Meter – device used to measure 4. Distribution Network in liters or gallons the amount of water a. Pipelines – Transporting water that passes through the water service. from treatment plant to 4. Building Supply – the pipe carrying consumers. potable water to a building. This also b. Pumping Stations – maintaining mean “water service connection”. pressure within the network, 5. Water distribution Pipe – A pipe that especially on hilly areas or conveys potable water from the distant areas. building supply pipe to the building c. Valves and Meters – Controlling fixture and other water outlets in the flow and measuring usage. building. 5. End Use Delivery 6. Fixture branch – the water supply pipe a. Residential – supplying homes between the fixture supply pipe and the for domestic use. water distribution pipe.  7. Fixture Supply – a water supply pipe  Emergency Fixtures connecting the fixture with the fixture branch. 1. Water closet- plumbing fixture used to 8. Riser – a water supply pipe that extends receive human excrement and to one full story or more to braches or to a discharge it through a drainpipe, using group of fixtures. water as a conveying medium. Water closets typically flushed between 5 to 7 SERVICE TAP CONNECTION DETAIL gallons of water per flush. a. Corporation stop – is a valve screwed o Reverse trap into the street water main to supply the o Blowout house service connection. o Siphon jet b. Gooseneck – is the part of the pipe, o Wash down (noisiest & lowest usually flexible, used to lead connection in cost) between the service pipe and water o Siphon-vortex main. o Pressure/tankless c. Curb stop – a control valve for the o Pressure/tank water supply used to shut off the water supply in case of emergency or should 2. Urinals the water supply of the building be a. Blowout Urinals- discontinued. b. Siphon-Jet Urinals – create a siphon action to evacuate the PLUMBING FIXTURES trap. A Plumbing Fixture is supplied with water, c. Washout Urinals – rely on a discharges water and/or waste, and performs a water exchange to flush. There function for the user. Each fixture is designed is no siphon action or complete for a specific activity to maintain public health evacuation of the trap way. and sanitation. AS such, plumbing fixtures are 3. Lavatories – is a wash basin used for often referred to as “Sanitary ware “. personal hygiene. 4. Kitchen sinks /sinks The standard plumbing fixture used in a 5. Laundry trays – or laundry sinks, is plumbing system include; located in laundry room and used in  Water closets conjunction with washing clothes.  Urinals 6. Faucets – performs the simple operations of opening, closing and  Lavatories mixing hot and cold water.  Kitchen sinks 7. Drinking Fountains – it is designed to  Service sinks provide drinking water to users.  Sinks 8. Showers – these are designed to allow  Laundry trays full body cleansing.  Drinking fountains 9. Bathtubs – the bathtub was the original  Showers fixture used to bathe or cleanse one’s  Bathtubs body.  Bidets 10. Bidet – is a fixture designed for cleaning  Floor drains the perineal area.  11. Floor Drains – are typically provided as 20; and two (2) where the number of water an emergency fixture in the event of a closets exceeds 20. Toilet compartments shall leak or overflow of water. have a min. area of 1.7m x 1.8m. 12. Emergency Fixtures a. Emergency showers b. Eyewash station ACCESSIBILITY LAW (BP 344) IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS (IRR) AMENDMENTS I. Accessible Ramps  Minimum clear width of ramp is 1.20 meters.  Slope or gradient must not be steeper than 1:12  Maximum length of sloped ramp is 6.0 meters. If ramp exceeds 6.0 meters, it must be provided with intermediate landings with 1.50 meters min. length.  Handrails must be provided on both sides of the ramp at 700 mm and 900 mm from the floor of the ramp.  Curbs must be provided on both sides of the ramp with a minimum height with a minimum height of 100 mm. II. Signages Signs on walls and doors should be installed at a maximum height of 1.50m from the finish floor to the center of the sign. III. Toilets and Baths Accessible public toilets shall permit easy passage of a wheelchair and allow the occupant to enter a toilet compartment, close the door and transfer to the water closet from either a frontal or lateral transfer. The minimum number of accessible toilet compartments on each floor level or on that part of a floor level accessible to persons with disabilities shall be one (1) where the total number of water closets per set on that level is