Ergonomics-Golden Ration Lecture 03 04 2024 PDF

Ergonomics Dr.sc.ing. Anita Gerina-Ancane  Ergonomics The term ergonomics comes from Greek word Έργον, meaning "work", and Νόμος, meaning "natural laws" Ergonomic provides better work quality and productivity  Human Factor A "human factor" is a ph...

Ergonomics Dr.sc.ing. Anita Gerina-Ancane  Ergonomics The term ergonomics comes from Greek word Έργον, meaning "work", and Νόμος, meaning "natural laws" Ergonomic provides better work quality and productivity  Human Factor A "human factor" is a physical or cognitive property of an individual or social behavior specific to humans that may influence the functioning of technological systems The terms "human factors" and "ergonomics" are essentially synonymous  Ergonomics (Human Factors) The multidisciplinary field incorporating contributions from – Psychology – Engineering – Industrial design – Graphic design – Statistics – Operations research – Anthropometry The study of designing equipment and devices that fit the human body and its cognitive abilities  Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance Employed to fulfill the goals of health and safety and productivity Human factors and ergonomics is concerned with the user, equipment and their environments  It takes account of the user's capabilities and limitations in seeking to ensure that tasks, functions, information and the environment suit each user  Ergonomics disciplines Draws on many disciplines in its study of humans and their environments, including – anthropometry – biomechanics – mechanical engineering – industrial engineering – industrial design – information design – kinesiology – physiology and psychology.  Ergonomic fields Work place ergonomic Weight and lifting ergonomic Tool ergonomic  Golden ratio The golden ratio is also called the golden mean or golden section (Latin: sectio aurea). Other names include extreme and mean ratio, medial section, divine proportion, divine section (Latin: sectio divina), golden proportion, golden cut, and golden number The most common golden section is found in geometry - it appears both in plane shapes (in a pentagram, in a logarithmic spiral), and in spatial figures in an algebra. The golden section is found not only in mathematics but also in art, nature and architecture.  In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities. The figure on the right illustrates the geometric relationship. Expressed algebraically, for quantities a and b with a > b > 0 De Divina Proportion contains illustrations of regular solids by Leonardo da Vinci Attēls:zelts3.jpg  In mathematics, the golden cut is taken to be Greek (φ). To find the golden value, denotes φ =a / b and overwrites the equation above as follows: To solve this equation, the two sides multiply by φ and obtain a quadratic equation or  The only positive solution to this equation is the golden cut: Mona Lisa painting  Fibonacci numbers The Fibonacci spiral consists of arcs of a circular line drawn into squares whose side lengths correspond to successive members of the Fibonacci sequence. Squares whose side lengths correspond to successive members of the Fibonacci sequence. whose side The elements of the sequence are called lengths correspond to successive Fibonacci numbers members of the Fibonacci sequence. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377… Its first two terms are equal to 1, but each subsequent term is obtained by adding the previous two.  Some sources claim that the golden ratio is commonly used in everyday design: – in the shapes of postcards; – playing cards; – posters; – wide-screen televisions; – photographs; – light switch plates; – cars, etc. Golden rectangle Golden ratio paper Golden ratio in marketing, branding, design Violin Golden ratio in the world different places and things https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqqErDSLtwE Mercedes AMG Anfang Concept  Aston Martin crams the golden ratio into their designs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVxfTlzJIAo  Determination of human dimensions In order to create an environment in which the dimensions of the premises and objects are applied to its user size, it is necessary to examine these dimensions of the user, static characteristics, body structural dimensions. The structural dimensions of different parts of the body are measured in static individual working conditions; standing, sitting, etc. It is taken about 20 sizes of naked man Work place ergonomic Work place ergonomic Footrest Examples of different ergonomic work places Think about advantages and disadvantages Horizontal and vertical reach zones  Type of works on horizontal surfaces Large number of: – working on computer – working with sewing machine – stationary welding – cooking, etc.  Type of works on vertical reach zone to take a book from a bookshelf to hang the curtains to lift the weight from the ground to paint a wall, etc. Vietnam factory for Zara brand How about work place ergonomic standards???  The workplace area must be approximately 4,5 m2 Businesses require roughly between 8 and 12 m2 of gross space per employee Creating new product you can use existing ergonomic standards  Practical work task Individual task. Should be done in Word doc. 1. Find one product example of Golden Ratio. 2. Find one interesting work place that has been made by a designer. Try to write its advantages and disadvantages. *Examples must be different from the lecture material!!!