Teacher and Community PDF

TEACHER AND COMMUNITY 2PROFED11 1ST TERM – PROF. BRY– T/F 7:00-9:00 AM The education of Pre-Hispanic Filipinos was fit W4: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATION OF for the needs of their times....

TEACHER AND COMMUNITY 2PROFED11 1ST TERM – PROF. BRY– T/F 7:00-9:00 AM The education of Pre-Hispanic Filipinos was fit W4: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATION OF for the needs of their times. PH EDUCATION There was no formal schooling. TOPIC OVERVIEW Ab METHOD/SYSTEM OF EDUCATION Education was oral, practical and hands-on A. PRE-SPANISH EDUCATION a. Aims of the Education Children were provided more vocational b. Method/System of Education training but lesser academics, which were c. Content and Curriculum headed by their parents or by their tribal d. Relevant Laws Created tutors. It was done through observation, imitation B. SPANISH EDUCATION and practice a. Aims of the Education b. Method/System of Education c. Content and Curriculum Ac CONTENT AND CURRICULUM d. Relevant Laws Created Mothers educated their female children in C. AMERICAN EDUCATION housekeeping, weaving, basket-making and a. Aims of the Education other agriculture-related activities. b. Method/System of Education c. Content and Curriculum Fathers trained their male children in hunting, d. Relevant Laws Created carpentry, agriculture, shipbuilding and mining. D. JAPANESE ERA Baybayin a. Aims of the Education A unique system of writing b. Curriculum and Content The term Baybay literally means "to spell“ in c. Relevant Laws Created Tagalog Also known as the Alibata E. NEW SOCIETY a. Historical Background b. Aims of the Education Ad RELEVANT LAWS CREATED c. Relevant Laws Created Ancient Filipino’s also established foreign F. PRESENT PERIOD relationships with other Countries in Asia. a. Cory Aquino b. Fidel Ramos c. Joseph Estrada Aim d. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Education for survival, conformity, and e. Benigno Simeon Aquino III enculturation A PRE-SPANISH PERIOD Features Education was informal, incidental, Long before the arrival of the Spaniards, unstructured ancient Filipinos were living in scattered Formal instructions began in homes through barangays and ruled by different chieftains. apprenticeship Although they were living separately, they Human learning resulting from individual were similar in many ways: (Religion & Mode experiences of dressing, Houses & System of Government, Practical education included domestic chores Marriage practices, Economic activities) and skills in hunting, fishing, farming, etc. Theoretical education included moral, spiritual, laws, code, worship, etc. Aa AIMS OF THE EDUCATION Every home was a school Teachers were parents and tribal head PAGE 1 KATE GAUIRAN – BECED 111-16  TEACHER AND COMMUNITY 2PROFED11 1ST TERM – PROF. BRY– T/F 7:00-9:00 AM Jesuits (1581) - The1st Jesuits arrived from Implications the province of Mexico. They established a Methods used then are still being practiced to catechetical school for natives in Visayas in date; tell me and show me, observation, Tibauan, Panay. Expanded with elementary imitation, trial and error, repetition school both for Spanish and Filipino boys. Skills taught to the children are still part of the Dominicans (1587) - established a school in present curriculum; home chores and fishing, their 1st mission at Bataan. agriculture, etc. Franciscans (1578) - The1st 15 Franciscans arrived in the Philippines. Other than churches, the Franciscans also pioneered B SPANISH PERIOD charitable works and the caring of the sick. the San Juan de Dios Hospital and San Lazaro The history of the Philippines from 1521 to Leprosarium. Naga Hospital of San Diego and 1898, also known as the Spanish Colonial Era Hospital of the Holy Waters in Los Baños or period of time, begins with the arrival in 1521 of European explorer Ferdinand Magellan Bc CONTENT AND CURRICULUM Education of the indigenous people was mainly viewed as the duty of religious Christian doctrine, Values and History organizations.) Reading and Writing in Spanish, Mathematics and Agriculture, Ba AIMS OF THE EDUCATION Etiquette, Singing, World Geography, and Spanish history. Girls were also taught sewing. Tribal Tutors Education was informal and unstructured Bd RELEVANT LAWS CREATED Children were provided with vocational training and less academics by parents and houses of tribal tutors. There was no formal Legal Mandates: Royal Decree of 1863 schooling. (Education Act of 1863) Complete system of education Spanish Missionaries Free system of education Education was “religion-centered” Establishment of Normal school Education for the elite only Reorganization of the school curriculum Spanish is compulsory Government supervision and control of school Boys and girls school are separated thus breaking the 3 century church Inadequate, suppressed and controlled domination in curriculum Type: Authoritarianism, Teacher-dominated, Bb METHOD/SYSTEM OF EDUCATION Subject-centered and imposition of severe discipline Spanish education played a major role in that transformation. The oldest universities, Contributions: colleges, vocational schools and the first Upliftment of Phil. Education modern public education system in Asia were Establishment of an overall public school created during the colonial period. system-Training of teachers The Friars establish parochial schools linked Complete system of education with Churches to teach catechism to the Church domination in education natives. Production of grammars and dictionaries Augustinians (1565) - The 1st Catholic Missionaries, established the first school in C AMERICAN PERIOD (1898-1946) Cebu. PAGE 2 KATE GAUIRAN – BECED 111-16  TEACHER AND COMMUNITY 2PROFED11 1ST TERM – PROF. BRY– T/F 7:00-9:00 AM Establishment of a highly centralized-Importation of Thomasites Ca AIMS OF THE EDUCATION Separation of Church and State- to spread the English language to the Filipino Creation of Philippine Normal School people. (for communication, history, culture Training for self-government and Provision of and values) English as a common language Cb METHODS/SYSTEM OF EDUCATION Cd RELEVANT LAWS CREATED Public system Taft Commission – passed the Education By age 7, a child was required to register in Act no. 34 under William H. Taft as head schools located in their town or province. commissioner; established the Department of 3 levels of educational system: Instruction 1. Elementary level Act No. 372 (1902) – authorized the opening 2. Secondary / High School level of provincial high schools. 3. Tertiary / College Level Act. No. 1870 (1908) – initiated the opening Religion was not part of the curriculum and of the University of the Philippines. Schools from the Spanish era were recycled or reused and new ones were also opened in cities D JAPANESE PERIOD (1942-1945) and provinces. Notable schools and colleges opened during Da AIMS OF THE EDUCATION American Era/ Schools available Philippine Normal School (1901) to foster a new Filipino culture based on Normal schools self-consciousness of the people as orientals Vocational schools after being colonized by the Americans Agricultural schools Business schools Db CONTENT AND CURRICULUM Notable terms: Thomasites – they are originally a group of Realization of a New Order and promote 500 teachers sent by the U.S. government on friendly relations between Japan and the board the USAT Thomas. Basic goal is to put Philippines to the farthest extent. up new schools and to teach basic education Foster a new Filipino-based culture. and train public school teachers. Endeavor to elevate the morals of the people, Pensionados – Filipino scholars; students giving up over emphasis to materialism. that excelled academically and were sent to the Diffusion of the Japanese language in the US for further studies and become experts in Philippines. their desired field or profession. Upon their Promotion of vocational education return they are to hold important positions in To inspire people with the spirit to love your the Philippine government and its sectors neighbor. (agriculture, business and education) Changes in the curriculum made during the Japanese occupation Cc CONTENT AND CURRICULUM To stop depending on Western countries -Promote and enrich the Filipino culture English and Geography To recognize that the Philippines is a part of Agriculture & Manual trading the: Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Reading & Grammar, Mathematics To be aware of materialism, and raise the Trade courses and General courses morality of the Filipinos Household arts and Housekeeping To learn and adapt Nippongo and stop the use of the English language Education Act 1901: Act No. 74 PAGE 3 KATE GAUIRAN – BECED 111-16  TEACHER AND COMMUNITY 2PROFED11 1ST TERM – PROF. BRY– T/F 7:00-9:00 AM To spread elementary and vocational Respond effectively to the changing needs and education conditions of the nation To develop love for work and dignity for labor. Ec RELEVANT LAWS CREATED Dc RELEVANT LAWS CREATED PPRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 6-A Military Order No. 2 (1942) September 29, 1972 – Educational Japanese educational policies were embodied. Development Decree of 1972 The Philippine Executive Commission Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 – Education Act of established the Ministry of Education, Health 1982 and Public Welfare. Schools were reopened in June 1942 with F PRESENT PERIOD 300,000 students E NEW SOCIETY Fa CORY AQUINO Ea Historical Background Developments Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports > Marcos Regime (1965-1986) Department of Education, Culture, and Sports September 1972 – declaration of Martial Law Surge of student activism (late 1960’s and Methods/System early 1970’s) Non-formal Education Education Secretary – Onofre Corpuz Scholarships and incentives Youth and Student Affairs Board was established, composed of 15 members from Fb FIDEL RAMOS different student organizations. New Society - during the early years of the martial law regime Methods/System Students are crying out for: National Elementary Achievement Test - Reduction in tuition fees (NEAT) - Greater press reforms/press freedom National Secondary Assessment Test (NSAT) - Autonomy for student organizations Trifocalization of education into DECS, CHED, - Student’s participation in formulation of and TESDA in 1992 school policies - Improvement in the quality of education (instruction and facilities) Eb AIMS OF THE EDUCATION Relevant Laws Republic Act 7722 – Commission on Higher PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 6-A Education (1994) September 29, 1972 Republic Act 7731 – Abolishing National Provide broad general education College Entrance Examination (NCEE) and 1. To attain potential as human being NSAT and NEAT became National 2. To enhance the range and quality of Achievement Test (NAT) individual and group participation as Republic Act 7796 - Technical Educational and functional members of the society Skills Development Act of 1994 or the TESDA 3. To acquire essential education in order to Act of 1994. become productive and versatile citizen Republic Act 7836 – Philippine Teachers’ Train manpower with middle-level skill for Professionalization Act of 1994 national development Develop high-level professions for future Fc JOSEPH ESTRADA leaders PAGE 4 KATE GAUIRAN – BECED 111-16  TEACHER AND COMMUNITY 2PROFED11 1ST TERM – PROF. BRY– T/F 7:00-9:00 AM Relevant Laws D.O. no. 54 s. 2001 – Revision of “Panatang Makabayan” Republic Act 9155 – Governance of Basic Education Act Fd GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO Relevant Laws Republic Act 9155 – Governance of Basic Education D.O. no. 42 s. 2002 – The 2002 Basic Education Curriculum D.O. no. 37 s.2004 – all graduating public elementary students should take High School Readiness Test (HSRT) before they are admitted to first year Fe BENIGNO SIMEON AQUINO III Relevant Laws Republic Act 10157 - Kindergarten Education Act Republic Act 10533 – Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 Republic Act 10648 – Iskolar ng Bayan Act of 2014 Republic Act No. 10931 – Universal Access to Quality Tertiary Education Act: a law providing free tuition for students of 112 state universities and colleges (SUCs) PAGE 5 KATE GAUIRAN – BECED 111-16