ENT GOV REPORTING PDF

GROUP 2 ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR STRUCTURAL AND POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT Learning Outlines: Demographic structures and product and labor markets; Socio-economic grouping; the distribution of income and wealth; The influence of culture on organizational values, attitudes, behavior an...

GROUP 2 ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR STRUCTURAL AND POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT Learning Outlines: Demographic structures and product and labor markets; Socio-economic grouping; the distribution of income and wealth; The influence of culture on organizational values, attitudes, behavior and performance Social responsibility and organizations; Ethical behavior in the enterprise; The role of the state and its impact on organizations; and Political parties and pressure groups and their influence on government policy. Demographic Structures and Product and Labor Markets The demographic structure of an organization refers to the composition of its workforce based on factors like age, gender, education level, experience, etc. These demographics directly impact both the organization's internal dynamics (such as productivity and innovation) and external factors (like product development and market competition).  DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURES IN ORGANIZATIONS Age Gender Educational Level of Distribution Composition Background Experience The age range of A balanced gender The level of A workforce with employees in an composition often education among varied levels of organization can leads to diverse employees affects experience can be influence its overall perspectives in the types of tasks advantageous. performance. decision-making they can perform. For instance, a mix of and problem- younger and older solving. employees can bring together fresh ideas and experienced insights.  Product and Labor Markets A product market is where goods and services are bought and sold. Businesses provide products, and consumers (individuals or other businesses) purchase them. The demand for products drives the types of goods and services businesses offer. A labor market is where workers offer their skills and abilities, and employers seek to hire them. The demand for labor (workers) comes from companies that need employees, while the supply of labor comes from people looking for jobs.  IMPACT ON PRODUCT MARKETS INNOVATION & UNDERSTANDING MARKET PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CUSTOMER NEEDS SEGMENTATION Organizations often tailor The diversity in an A workforce that reflects their products to specific organization’s workforce the diversity of the segments of the can drive innovation. market it serves is better population. Different perspectives equipped to understand Understanding the can lead to the creation and meet customer demographic structure of of products that cater to needs. these segments helps in various customer needs. developing targeted products and marketing strategies.  IMPACT ON LABOR MARKETS WORKFORCE WAGES AND EMPLOYEE RETENTION AVAILABILITY COMPENSATION The composition of the The demographic Organizations need to labor market can structure of the labor understand the influence wage levels. High market affects an preferences and needs of demand for certain skills organization’s ability to different demographic among specific recruit the right talent. groups to retain talent. demographic groups can drive up wages in those areas, while an oversupply might lead to lower wages.  STRATEGIC ADAPTATION To remain competitive, organizations must adapt their talent management strategies to the changing demographics of both their workforce and the labor market. Organizations should continuously analyze market demographics to develop products that meet evolving customer needs. Embracing diversity and fostering an inclusive environment can enhance organizational performance. By leveraging the strengths of a diverse workforce, organizations can drive innovation, improve decision-making, and better serve a diverse customer base. Socio-Economic Grouping & The Distribution Of Income And Wealth  This refers to a person's position in society. Formation of a socio-economic group for a person is based on Socio-Economic Group data on the person's main type of activity, occupation, occupational status, and industry. In employment statistics, people are classified based on their own activity. However, there are some exceptions: 1. Children and Homemakers 2. Students -- determined by what they were doing at the end of the year. a. Working students over 18 at the end of the year are considered employed and are classified based on their occupation. b. Working students under 18 are still classified as students, except those under 16, who are always grouped with the main income earner in their household  Socio-Economic Grouping: Employees UPPER-LEVEL EMPLOYEES LOWER-LEVEL EMPLOYEES MANUAL WORKERS Statistics Finland's Classification of Socio-economic Groups is used in the classification.  Socio-Economic Grouping : Self-Employed SELF-EMPLOYED WITHOUT EMPLOYEES SELF-EMPLOYED WITH UNPAID FAMILY EMPLOYEES WORKERS Statistics Finland's Classification of Socio-economic Groups is used in the classification.  SOCIO-ECONOMIC GROUPS ECONOMICALLY ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE INACTIVE all those who have grouped into students, participated in the pensioners, unemployed production activity for at and others. least six months during Unemployed are the survey year persons who have been unemployed for at least SELF EMPLOYED WAGE AND SALARY EARNERS six months during the year. Household Budget Survey is used in the classification.  SOCIO-ECOCOMIC GROUPS UPPER CLASS WORKING CLASS High-income individuals Lower-income individuals with significant wealth and who rely on wages or social status. salaries for their livelihood. MIDDLE CLASS LOWER CLASS Moderate-income Individuals living in poverty individuals with a with limited resources and comfortable standard of opportunities. living.  INCOME AND WEALTH DISTRIBUTION how a nation’s total economy is dispersed amongst its population. WEALTH INCOME an accumulated store of a net total of the flow of possessions and financial claims. payments received in a given It may be given a monetary value time period. Some countries if prices can be determined for collect statistics on wealth from each of the possessions; this legally required evaluations of process can be difficult when the the estates of deceased persons, possessions are such that they which may or may not be are not likely to be offered for indicative of what is possessed sale. by the living. THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE ON ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES, ATTITUDES, BEHAVIOR, AND PERFORMANCE  ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE defined as the shared values, beliefs, and norms that guide the behavior of employees within an organization. It acts as a framework that influences how employees interact, make decisions, and approach their work CULTURE the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time.  CULTURE ORGANIZATIONAL ATTITUDES VALUES BEHAVIOR PERFORMANCE  ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES DEFINITION CULTURAL INFLUENCE the fundamental beliefs that guide the decisions, The cultural context in actions, and which an organization interactions of a operates often dictates company. its core values.  ATTITUDES DEFINITION CULTURAL INFLUENCE Employees' feelings Cultural norms shape towards work how employees view environment, including authority, teamwork, jobs, colleagues, and and conflict. organization.  BEHAVIOR DEFINITION CULTURAL INFLUENCE the actions and the culture of a society interactions of often dictates accepted individuals within a behaviors in the company. workplace.  PERFORMANCE DEFINITION CULTURAL INFLUENCE the effectiveness with culture can impact which an organization performance through its meets its goals and influence on motivation, objectives. job satisfaction, and leadership styles. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ORGANIZATIONS  Corporate Social Responsibility can be defined as the “Economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time”. The concept of corporate social responsibility means that organizations have moral, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities in addition to their responsibilities to earn a fair return for investors. A traditional view of the corporation suggests that its primary, if not sole, responsibility is to its owners, or stockholders. Stakeholders The various groups affected by the actions of an organization. Business Ethics Focuses on the moral judgments and behavior of individuals and groups within organizations. The study of business ethics may be regarded as a component of the larger study of corporate social responsibility.  Carrol and Buchholtsz’s 4 part definition of CSR Economic Responsibilities Ethical Responsibilities Refers to society’s expectation that organizations Concern societal expectations that go beyond the law, such as will produce goods and services that are needed the expectation that organizations are expected to do more than just comply with the law, but also make proactive efforts and desired by customers and sell those goods and to anticipate and meet the norms of society even if those services at a reasonable price. norms are not formally enacted in law. Legal Responsibilities Corporate social responsibility Relate to the expectation that organizations will Few companies totally disregard social issues and comply with the laws set down by society to problems. Most purport to pursue not only the goal govern competition in the marketplace. of increased revenues and profits, but also the goal of community betterment The ultimate motivation for corporations to practice social responsibility should not be a financial motivation alone, but rather inclusive of moral and ethical dimension Ethical Behavior in the Enterprise  Paying attention to ethics makes good business sense. This can create goodwill for the corporation and enhance the chances of success.  Six Foundations of Trust CHARACTER ETHICS INTEGRITY Character drives Ethics refers to a Integrity is what we do when set of rules defined as no one is looking. describing adhering to a Each person can acceptable moral code in build, change or conduct in daily decision- even destroy his society. making. or her character.  Six Foundations of Trust LAWS VALUES MORALS The law is a series Values are Morals are a set of rules and defined as the of rules or modes regulations acts, customers, of conduct on designed to and institutions which society is express the needs that a group of based. of the people. people regards favorably. The Role Of The State and Its Impact On Organizations  Role of Government in Consumer Protection Business When a product causes harm to an individual, the courts may hold the vendor or manufacturer responsible. The government's role in business is as old as the country itself; the constitution gives the government the power to regulate commerce. Contract Enforcement Employee Protection Many agencies work to protect the rights of employees. These rights cover the following, regular employment, probationary employment minimum employable age, prohibition against the stipulation of marriage, anti-sexual If one party fails or refuses harassment law, and many others. to meet its obligation under a contract, a company will turn to the government's legal system for enforcement.  Environmental Investor Protection Protection When a marketing transaction impacts a third party besides the marketer and purchaser the effect is called an "externality." Thus, it is the government's role to regulate industry and protect the public from The government mandates environmental externalities. that companies make financial information public, thereby protecting the rights of investors and facilitating further investment.  Permission Taxation Most businesses need to register Governments at all levels, tax with the government to operate. businesses, and the resulting Corporations need a charter, and revenue collected is an important other forms of business, such as part of government budgets. limited liability companies or partnerships, need other forms of registration.  ROLE OF GOVERNMENT POLICY Government policies can also promote businesses. For example, tax holidays for those foreign companies in the Economic Zone (ECOZONE) under the administration of the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA). Another is the tax benefit the government is giving to Board of Investment (BOI) registered companies. At present, BPOs because our government set policies to make it work. Of course, these companies are getting quality services at a relatively low cost. POLITICAL PARTIES AND PRESSURE GROUPS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON GOVERNMENT POLICY POLITICAL PARTIES DEFINED an organized body of people who share common principles and cherish certain common goals regarding the political system “an organized group of citizens who profess or share the same political views and who by acting as a political unit, try to control the government” (Gilchrist) “a political party consists of a group of citizens, more or less organized, who act as a political unit and who, by the use of their voting power, aim to control the government and carry out their general policies” (Gettell)  CHARACTERISTICS an organized group of people The organized group of people believes in common principles and common goals Its objectives revolve around seeking political power through collective efforts It employs constitutional and peaceful methods in seeking control over the government through elections While in power, it translates its declared objectives into governmental policies  FUNCTIONS AND ROLES those securing the majority nominate candidates during in elections form the elections government and enact and implement the policies Those not in power campaign to obtain support form opposition and for their candidates in the keep a constant check elections on the government place objectives and In the legislature, programmes before the voters minorities form opposition through their manifestos to pressure the government for proper governance.  FUNCTIONS AND ROLES educate people and help in formulating and shaping public opinion articulate peoples’ demands and convey them to the government provide a linkage between people and governmental institutions  TYPES OF POLITICAL PARTIES In Philippine Setting MAJOR PARTIES MINOR PARTIES REGIONAL AND PARTY-LIST PARTIES well-established ORGANIZATIONS parties that often represent operate at a typically have specific interests or regional or more resources marginalized groups provincial level, and a broader and rely on the party- reflecting local base of support list system to gain interests and representation in concerns Congress  METHODS OF INFLUENCE PARTICIPATION LEGISLATIVE COALITION IN CONTROL BUILDING GOVERNMENT  INFLUENCE ON GOVERNMENT POLICY PUBLIC LEGISLATIVE REPRESENTATIVE OPINION AGENDA OF AND INTERESTS MOBILIZATION  ECONOMIC PRESSURE GROUPS Is an organized group that seeks to PUBLIC influence not only government policy but also private enterprises’ operating policy. SECTORAL Are also concerned in the protection and advancement of a particular cause or interest An interest group organized to RELIGIOUS/ATTITUDE influence public and especially government policy but not to elect GOVERNMENTAL candidates to office UNITS ECONOMIC PRESSURE GROUPS GIANT PRIVATE The relative size and power of these companies CORPORATIONS can sometimes rival that of the government. (Ex. San Miguel Corporation) PROFESSIONAL This is a powerful group bound by the common ORGANIZATIONS interests of its members. (Ex. PICPA) TRADE These are associations of businesses with ASSOCIATIONS common interest to protect to. (Ex. Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI)) TRADE UNIONS These unions are more concerned with labor and management. (Ex. Partido ng Manggagawa (PM))  PUBLIC PRESSURE GROUPS These are groups that represent a cluster of the public on certain issues. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Fusa%2F&psig=AOvVaw1ivFlE2miYtIWkeqhXvfEq&ust=1725289847241000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBQQjRxqFwoTCIDM59aDoogDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE https://www.google.com/url? sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Fphilippines%2Ftag%2Fvolunteer%2F&psig=AOvVaw1ivFlE2miYtIWkeqhXvfEq&ust=1725289847241000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBQQjRxqFwoTCIDM59aDoogDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ  SECTORAL PRESSURE GROUPS Refers to groups which work to protect and advance the interest of specific social groups in a certain society. https://www.shutterstock.com/editorial/image-editorial/O2T3U5ybMdj6E12aNTI0MA==/women-rights-group-gabriela-lead-hundreds-activists-440nw-9452495g.jpg https://www.rappler.com/tachyon/2023/11/bonifacio-day-protest-announcement-november-27-2023-003-scaled.jpg  RELIGIOUS/ATTITUDE PRESSURE GROUPS They are considered as one of the most powerful groups. They share universal beliefs and objectives on one issue and they believe that their major role is to mobilize support in the country for what they believe in and to support for political office those who share their beliefs. https://nccphilippines.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/peacetalksituloy-750x406.jpg https://www.licas.news/2020/02/06/philippine-faith-based-groups-turn-to-un-on-human-rights-crisis/  GOVERNMENTAL UNITS PRESSURE GROUPS Talks about the freedom and power of the Local Government Units (LGU) to be involved in decision making. https://ptfund.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/CCAGG1.jpg https://ptfund.org/strengthening-citizens-involvement-in-mitigating-governance-risks-in-local-government-units-in-the-philippines/  REFERENCES https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.so.14.080188.001133 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4621646 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137514318_2 https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.so.14.080188.001133 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4621646 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137514318_2 https://stat.fi/meta/kas/sosioekon_asema_en.html#:~:text=Socio%2Deconomic%20group%20refers%20to%20 a%20person's%20position%20in%20society's,occupation%2C%20occupational%20status%20and%20industry. https://en.eustat.eus/documentos/elem_11230/definicion.html https://www.britannica.com/money/distribution-of-wealth-and-income Thank You! Members: Acapulco, Justine Hope Baoy, Edhefel Mhayiel Diana, Angelika Jane Miral, Honey Jane Pacatang, Dorothy Patrice