English Colonies: Roanoke, Jamestown, Plymouth PDF

First English colonies in North America: Lost Colony, Plymouth and Jamestown EQ: What successes did the early colonies have? What challenges did they face in a new land? The Lost Colony of Roanoke Established in 1587 on Roanoke Island (present-day North Carolina) Led by Sir Walter...

First English colonies in North America: Lost Colony, Plymouth and Jamestown EQ: What successes did the early colonies have? What challenges did they face in a new land? The Lost Colony of Roanoke Established in 1587 on Roanoke Island (present-day North Carolina) Led by Sir Walter Raleigh and Governor John White Virginia Dare: first English girl born in America (1587) Colony mysteriously disappeared between 1587-1590 Theories include disease, hostile Native Americans, or relocation. It remains one of America's oldest unsolved mysteries. John White and the lost colony John White: Governor of the Roanoke Colony He left for England in 1587 in search of supplies. Return delayed by the war with Spain He returned in 1590 and found the colony abandoned. I found the word "CROATOAN" carved on a fence post. No trace of the settlers was ever found. White's detailed drawings provide valuable historical information. Jamestown Colony Founded in 1607 by the Virginia Company of London First permanent English settlement in North America Located in present-day Virginia Initial struggles: disease, famine, and conflict with Native Americans Economy based on growing tobacco He introduced representative government in 1619. It became the capital of the colony of Virginia. Key figures in Jamestown Captain John Smith – one of the early leaders who helped the colony survive Pocahontas: daughter of Chief Powhatan, helped keep the peace, communicate with colonists John Rolfe: introduced tobacco as a cash crop, married Pocahontas Sir Thomas Dale - implemented strict laws to maintain order These individuals played crucial roles in the survival and growth of Jamestown. Plymouth Colony Founded in 1620 by pilgrims Pilgrims: English seeking religious freedom Arrived on the Mayflower ship Landing location: Plymouth Rock (in present-day Massachusetts) They faced a harsh winter and illness; many died in the first year Formed an alliance with the local Wampanoag tribe. Celebrated the first Thanksgiving in 1621. The Mayflower Pact Signed November 11, 1620, aboard the Mayflower First governing document of Plymouth Colony Established a social contract for self-government. The signatories agreed: create laws for the general good of the colony Choose leaders and obey their rules Influenced later documents such as the United States Constitution It demonstrated the settlers' desire for democratic governance.  COPY TABLE Comparing the colonies Cologne Year of Main purpose Notable foundation challenges roanoke 1585 military/commercial mysterious post disappearance jamestown 1607 to earn money hunger, conflict Plymouth 1620 religious freedom Hard winter, illness Legacy of the first English colonies Established England's presence in North America. He laid the foundation for the future of the United States Introduction to English language, culture and governance. He began complex relationships with the Native Americans. It caused further exploration and colonization. He influenced the development of American democracy. Review questions 1. Who was the first English child born in America? 2. What document did the pilgrims sign before landing in Plymouth? 3. Which colony was founded primarily for economic reasons? 4. Who was the artist and governor of the Lost Colony of Roanoke? 5. What crop became the economic backbone of Jamestown?