Encuentro and the Metamorphosis of Indio: Spanish Rediscovery 1500s-1800s PDF

Encuentro and the Metamorphosis of Indio: Divide et impera​ Spanish Rediscovery and Colonial Phase​1500s – 1800s took advantage of:​ ​ -geographical boundaries​...

Encuentro and the Metamorphosis of Indio: Divide et impera​ Spanish Rediscovery and Colonial Phase​1500s – 1800s took advantage of:​ ​ -geographical boundaries​ - existing feuds between some barangays Context: Age of Exploration​ Eberian Peninsula - colonized by -> pinapalala yung away ng dalawang magkaibang parte Moro -> they manipulate them para magkawatak watak 1492 - Filipino become against moro when they see one Conquisador - a person who is out to conquer new territory -ninais na huwag ng palaganapin ang Islam. Administrative Policies: Encomienda and Reducción​ 1543 - Monopoly of luxury items Reduccion - sang sistema na panukala ng pamahalaang Espanya - Muslim is the one that is in noon kung saan ang mga Pilipino mula sa malalayong pamayanan control in trading ay sapilitang nililipat sa isang lugar upang pagsama-samahin. Encomieda - Ang encomienda ay tawag sa mga lupaing ipinagkakatiwala ng mga Espanyol sa mga tao. Spanish tried to find other way or route so they will not be -Filipinos are accountable but do not own. controlled by Venice, Italy, making them explored the world anad rediscovered the Philippines. Church-plaza complex​ Components: Plaza, Casa del Gobyerno (munisipyo), escuela, Colonizers try to deviate Filipino from the fact that they are after mercado (pamilihan), sementeryo, hospital (exclusive for spanish) the 4g and 4s of the Philippines by saying that they are only after the spices of Molucas. Indio - mga tao sa loob ng colonized subject. GOLD bajo del son de las campanas​(Under the Sound of Bells) Mechantalism / Merkantilismo - could refer to being under the influence or control of the the wealth depend on the gold and silver church and colonial authority, as bells were deeply tied to the Catholic Church's influence and the colonial state's authority. China describe the Philippines as a land of Gold People outside the pueblo were called as: if they have the gold, they can have the glory. Landrones Monteses - taga labas na tinuring na magnanakaw, taga bundok. Greed = innovation Salvahe Vagamundos Slavery Mal hechores - walang ginawang mabuti (natural na masamang Spanish feel superior based on the physical characteristics tao) Spanish already normalize this kind of thinking. Cimarrones Tulisano To summarize: There is no accident, nor discovery, mainly because of motive. Internal and external metamorphosis of precolonial barangays​ - Spanish utilized this to monitor the submissiveness of the Additional info, idk where to add: Philippines. Hidalgo - victim of primogeniture culture - they need to explore so that they have wealth to passed Political Institutions on to their son. primogeniture culture - only the first son will inherit the wealth. STRATEGIES FOR INTRUSION AND CONQUEST -After seeing the colonizer tired from exploration, they witness how kind the Filipinos are. -Filipinos see them as “friend in despair” -Attraction = deception Policy of Attraction and Deception​ misinterpretation of Filipino hospitality ​ sangduguan  pacto de sangre - was a way to seal friendship or Reina de Espana - Executive (Law enforcer) treaty by mixing blood and drinking it - utos ng hari, hindi nababali Entrada​ all expeditions were military expeditio Viceral de Peru (Vice Royalty) Vicereal de Nueva Espana - (Legislative) Law making body Catolicismo ​ Real Y Supremo Consejo de las Indias - Ministerio of Ultraman or jives well with the fundamentals of animism ​ Ministry of de las Indias. instilling fear through “infierno” Gobernador y capitan general - arsobispo ng Manila. Colonial Administration Samboangan / donativo de Zamboanga, vinta, falua​ - kailangan mag ambag ng peraq kung walang kakayahan na sumali sa gera. Cedula personal - certificate of slavery, tax sa pagiging alipin. Indulgencias - binabayaran ang pangungumpisal at nakadepende ito sa kasalanan ng tao Polo y servicios Polo - “Pulong” teamwork 40 days / year​ prestación personal​ 1. Corregidor (corregimientos) - masyadong mataas ang tingin Polistas: 16-60 y/o​ ng mga Espanyol sa kanilang wika net effect: upset village economy - Gobernadorcillo (Pueblos / municipio) - lalaki lang, may “Falla” cost when you do not want to serve as polistas hierarchy Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade​ 1. Alcalde Mayor (Alcadias) - taong simbahan, prayle galleon de Manila vis-a-vis nao de China​ 2. Cabildos (Ayuntamiento) - The term "ayuntamiento" is neglect native industries and arrest population growth​ Spanish for "town hall" or "municipal government". It refers to Intercultural exchange both the physical building where local government functions are carried out, as well as the governing body itself, which Obras Pias - refers to charitable acts or good deeds that are manages the administration and services of a town or carried out for religious or spiritual purposes, particularly within municipality. the context of Catholicism Notes on Colonial Administration Real Sociedad Economica de Amigos del País (1780-1805) - Attempts at check-and-balance:​ was designed to advance various economic, social, and - Residencia ​ scientific reforms.​ - Visita ​ - despotismo ilustrado​ Amalgamation of Church and State​ - Plán Generál Economicó​ - amalgamated but disunited​ Real Compania de Filipinas (1785-1814)​ - Frailocracia (Friocracy) - pamumuno ng mga prayle. - sought to unite American and Asian commerce as it tried to - la soberania monacál (Monastic Supremacy) compete with Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade Economic Institutions​ Encomienda​ Socio-cultural Institution​ - ≠ land grant​- systematic land grabbing by realenga. Iglesia Catolica​ "Realenga" - land or estates that were managed by the Spanish religion as the center of every Indio’s life​ Crown, which had control over them and could allocate, lease, or the friar as the interpreter of God’s will​ redistribute the land as it saw fit. These lands were part of the hispanization process​ royal domain and often did not belong to private owners or Education​ feudal lords. La letra con sangre entra - pananakit sa pagtuturo​ 3Rs, Christian doctrine - administrative role entrusted to a conquistador​ evolved to two kinds:​ Legacies of Spanish Colonization Encomienda de la real corona​ POLITICAL​ Encomienda de particulare centralized government​- hindi nila tayo tinuruan maging state. unitary ≠ unified​ highly-politicized Church​ “weak state”​ politics of patronage​ leader  dealer ECONOMIC encomienda as nucleus of provinces​ trope of retrogression​ stunted potential developments​ a change in the notion of “property” Taxation without Representation​ SOCIO-CULTURAL​ ​Tributo, income tax, customs duties​ partial hispanization​ Bandalas / compras reales​- force economic contribution bahay kubo -> casa mestiza​ Rentas estancadas​ - dagdag bayarin para hindi yumaman baro’t saya -> vestida mestiza​ dahil ang pagyaman ay kasalanan sa Diyos, ang yaman ay cementerio ​ kailangan bumalik sa simbahan. Fiesta​  compadrazgo​ theocentric literature and the arts​ appropriated language Lasting Impacts of Spanish Colonial Experience Deep religiosity -> false religiosity, dogmatism racial discrimination cultural and religious divide between Christians and others social climbing destroyed: valuing past colonial mentality failure to come up with own national language all these lead to bases of Filipinism and Nationalism