ELEMENTS OF VISUAL AND AUDITORY ARTS PDF

ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ARTS 1. Line- A moving point on a path with length, width, and direction. Types of lines * Horizontal lines: calmness and rest. * Vertical lines: height and action. * Diagonal lines: movement and tension. * Jagged lines: Represents conflict or violence. * Curved lines: Reflects s...

ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ARTS 1. Line- A moving point on a path with length, width, and direction. Types of lines * Horizontal lines: calmness and rest. * Vertical lines: height and action. * Diagonal lines: movement and tension. * Jagged lines: Represents conflict or violence. * Curved lines: Reflects softness, grace, or sensuality. 2. Shape and 3. Form Shape: Two-dimensional (height and width). Form: Three-dimensional (height, width, depth). Categories of shapes * Geometric: Man-made (e.g., squares, cubes). * Organic: Irregular and natural (e.g., flowers). 3. Space -depth in art Types of space * Positive Space: Area occupied by the object. * Negative Space: The empty area around the object. * Three-dimensional Space: Simulated using shading in 2D art or real in sculptures. * Example: Anish Kapoor’s “Cloud Gate”: Explores real space 4. Color- enhances the appeal of an artwork. Properties of color * Hue: Name of the color (primary, secondary, tertiary). * Value: Lightness or darkness of a color. Light colors- taken as the source of light Dark colors- lack of even absence of light Tint- lighter color than normal value (pink for red) Shae- darker color than the normal (maroon for red). * Intensity: Brightness or dullness of a color. Classification of Harmonies * Monochromatic: Variations of one hue. * Complementary: Opposites on the color wheel. * Analogous: Colors beside each other. * Triadic: Three equidistant colors on the wheel. ELEMENTS OF AUDITORY ARTS Picture Plane -The flat surface of a painting or drawing. -No illusion of a third dimension exists. Chiaroscuro (Renaissance, 15th Century) -Technique using light and dark contrasts to: -Create 3D effects. -Add drama to paintings. Linear Perspective -Revolutionized pictorial representation. - Key contributors: * Leon Battista Alberti * Paolo Uccello * Filinno Brunelleschi (Architect. 15th Century) Types of Perspectives (Based on Vanishing Points) a. One-Point Perspective - Shows parallel lines converging at 1 vanishing point. - Used in: Roads, Tracks, Hallways, Rows of Trees. b. Two-Point Perspective - Uses 2 vanishing points on the horizon. - Often seen in: Buildings, Houses (viewed from a corner). c. Three-Point Perspective - Viewer looks from above or below. - Uses 3 vanishing points (one for each axis). PRINCIPLES OF VISUAL ARTS 1. Balance -REFERS TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE VISUAL ELEMENTS IN VIEW OF THEIR PLACEMENT IN RELATION TO EACH OTHER. Types of Balance * Symmetrical Balance: Equal on both sides. * Asymmetrical Balance: Unequal but balanced. * Radial Balanced: Objects arranged around a central point. 2. Scale and Proportion Scale: Size relative to normal proportions. Proportion: Size relationships between parts of a whole. Classification of Proportion NATURAL PROPORTION- RELATES TO THE REALISTIC SIZE EXAGGERATED PROPORTION - REFERS TO THE UNUSUAL SIZE IDEALIZED PROPORTION- MOST COMMON TO THOSE THAT FOLLOW CANONS OF PERFECTION 3. Emphasis and Contrast Emphasis: Focus on a particular area or element. Contrast: Differences in elements to highlight distinctions. 4. Unity and Variety -Unity: Sense of completeness in an artwork. -Variety: Keeps the viewer's interest through differences. 5.Harmony -UNITY AND VARIETY IS RELATED TO THE PRINCIPLE OF HARMONY, -ACHIEVE A SENSE OF FLOW AND INTERCONNECTEDNESS. 6.Movement -REFERS TO THE DIRECTION OF THE VIEWING EYE AS IT GOES THROUGH THE ARTWORK OFTEN GUIDED BY AREAS OR ELEMENTS THAT ARE EMPHASIZED. 7.Rhythm -THIS IS CREATED WHEN AN ELEMENT IS REPEATED, CREATING IMPLIED MOVEMENT. 8.Repetition and Pattern -Repetition: REFERS TO RECURRING MANNER OF LINES, SHAPES, COLORS AND OTHER ELEMENTS THAT MAY APPEAR IN AN ARTWORK. -Pattern: Predictable arrangements from repetition. Elements of Auditory Arts 1. Music- Sound organized in a specific time. * Function: Essential in cultural activities, with roles transcending language and conventions. 2. Rhythm- Situates music in time; the pulse of the music. Key Concepts: * Beat: Basic unit of music. * Tempo: Speed of the beat (measured in beats per second). * Meter: Recognizable recurrent pattern of beats. Classical Tempo Terms: * Largo - Slowly and broadly * Andante - Walking pace * Moderato - Moderate speed * Allegro - Fast * Vivace - Lively * Accelerando - Gradually speeding up * Rallentando - Gradually slowing down * Allargando - Getting slower * Rubato - Rhythmic freedom for expressive effect 3. Dynamics- Loudness or quietness in music. Classical Dynamics Terms: * Pianissimo (pp): Very quiet * Piano (p): Quiet * Mezzo-piano (mp): Moderately quiet * Forte (f): Loud * Fortissimo (ff): Very loud Changes in Dynamics: * Crescendo: Gradually louder * Decrescendo/Diminuendo: Gradually quieter 4. Melody- Definition: The linear (horizontal) presentation of pitch, read in succession from left to right. Key Concept: * Pitch: Highness or lowness of musical sound. 5. Harmony- Vertical presentation of pitches; combination of notes to form chords. Key Concepts: * Chord: Several notes played simultaneously. * Dissonance: Harsh-sounding combination of pitches. * Consonance: Smooth-sounding combination of pitches. 6. Timbre- The color or quality that distinguishes voices or instruments. Comparison: Like how painters evoke different effects on a canvas. 7. Texture- The number of melodies, the type of layers, and their interrelation in a composition. Types of Texture: * Monophonic: Single melodic line. * Polyphonic: Two or more independent melodic lines. * Homophonic: Main melody accompanied by chords.