Lesson 4 - Elements and Principles in Art.pdf

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES IN ART Mr. Jhon Mark R. Bugal Instructor I | ARTAPRE | Art Appreciation  Lesson Objectives! At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to: ❑Enumerate the different elements of visual and auditory art. ❑Differentiate the pr...

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES IN ART Mr. Jhon Mark R. Bugal Instructor I | ARTAPRE | Art Appreciation  Lesson Objectives! At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to: ❑Enumerate the different elements of visual and auditory art. ❑Differentiate the principles of art. ❑Explain the relevance of the elements and principles of art in the study of art and its products (artworks). ❑Illustrate examples of hybrid art and dissect what art forms are combined therein.  Lesson Outline! ❑Elements of Visual Art ❑Elements of Auditory Art ❑Principles in Art ❑Hybrid or Combined Art  Element of Visual Art: Line! ❑ Lines are used to represent figures and forms. They have direction. They are always moving. ❑ Horizontal lines are lines of repose and serenity. They represent ideas of calmness and quiescence. ❑ Vertical lines are lines poised for action. They are poised, balanced, forceful, and dynamic. ❑ Diagonal lines suggest action and movement. They give animation to any composition in which they appear. ❑ Curved lines suggest grace, movement, flexibility, joyousness, and grace.  Element of Visual Art: Color! ❑ Absorption and reflection of colors depend on the color of the surface. ❑ Black absorbs all colors and reflects none. ❑ White absorbs all colors equally. ❑ Gray is due to the partial reflection of color rays. ❑ White, gray, and black have no color quantity and are called neutral colors.  Color: Dimensions! ❑ Hue is the dimension of color which gives names to it. ❑ Blue, red, yellow are primary hues. ❑ Colors may either be warm or cool. ❑ Colors may either be related or contrasted.  Color: Dimensions! ❑ Hue is the dimension of color which gives names to it. ❑ Blue, red, yellow are primary hues. ❑ Colors may either be warm or cool. ❑ Colors may either be related or contrasted.  Color: Dimensions! ❑ Value refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. It is a quality that is determined by the amount of light and dark in color. ❑ Tint is a value that is above the normal. ❑ Shade is a value that is below the normal. Color Emotion Guide!  Color: Dimensions! ❑ Intensity refers to the brightness and darkness of color. Intensity differences may range from: ❑ Full Intensity ❑ Two-thirds Intensity ❑ Two-thirds neutral ❑ Neutral  Element of Visual Art: Texture! ❑It deals with the characteristic of surfaces which can either be rough or smooth.  Element of Visual Art: Perspective! ❑ It deals with the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye judges spatial relationships. ❑ Linear Perspective: It is the representation of an appearance of distance by means of converging lines. ❑ Foreshortening is the representation of the object as smaller from the point of view of the observer. ❑ Aerial Perspective: It is the representation of relative distances of objects by gradations of tone and color. Objects are fainter in the distance. Perspectives: What Is It?  Element of Visual Art: Space! ❑ It refers to the distances or areas around, between, and within components of a piece. ❑ positive or negative; open or closed; shallow or deep; and, two- dimensional or three-dimensional. ❑ The term positive space to refer to the subject of the piece itself—the flower vase in a painting or the structure of a sculpture. ❑ Negative space refers to the empty spaces the artist has created around, between, and within the subjects. ❑ Open Space are the empty part of the piece. Close Space are the area/s which the subject of the piece occupy. Space: What Is It?  Element of Visual Art: Form! ❑It applies to the over-all design of a work of art. It describes the shape of an object.  Element of Visual Art: Volume! ❑It refers to the amount of space occupied in three- dimensions. Thus, it is about the solidity or thickness.  Element of Auditory Art: Rhythm! ❑The element in music that situates in time (pulse of the music). ❑Beat: basic unit of the music (pattern) ❑Tempo: refers to its speed  Element of Auditory Art: Rhythm! ❑It refers to the loudness or softness/quietness of music.  Elements of Auditory Arts! ❑ Melody: It refers to the linear presentation of pitch. (horizontal) ❑ Pitch: highness or lowness of musical sound. ❑ Harmony: It refers to the vertical presentation of pitch. (vertical) ❑ It can be described based on its harshness: dissonance (harsh sounding combination) and consonance (smooth- sounding combination).  Elements of Auditory Arts! ❑ Timbre: It refers to a quality that distinguishes a voice or an instrument from another. ❑ Texture: It refers to the number of melodies, the type of layers, and their relatedness in a composition. ❑ Monophonic: single melodic line ❑ Polyphonic: two/more melodic lines ❑ Homophonic: main melody accompanied by chords  Principles of Art: Balance! ❑It refers to the distribution of the visual elements in view of their placement in relation to each other.  Principles of Art: Balance! ❑ Symmetrical: The elements used on one side are reflected to the other. ❑ Asymmetrical: The elements are not the same (or of the same weight ) on each side, putting the heaviness on one side. ❑ Radial: There is a central point in the composition, around which elements and objects are distributed. Balance: Identify It!  Principles of Art: Emphasis and Contrast! ❑ Emphasis allows the attention of the viewer to a focal point, accentuating/drawing attention to these elements/objects. ❑ Contrast is the disparity between the elements that figure into the composition.  Principles of Art! ❑ Scale pertains the size in relation to what is normal for the figure objects in question. ❑ Proportion is the size of the components or of objects in relation to one another when taken as a composition or a unit. ❑ Unity is where compositions are intended to imbue a sense of accord/completeness from the artwork. ❑ Variety is the principle that aims to retain the interest by allowing patches or areas that both excite and allow the eye to rest. ❑ Harmony is related to unity and variety, where the elements/objects achieve a sense of flow and interconnectedness.  Principles of Art: Repetition and Pattern! ❑ Repetition is where lines, shapes, colors, and other elements may appear in an artwork in a recurring manner. ❑ Pattern is where the image created out of repetition is conveyed. Combined or Hybrid Art!