EAPP Reviewer.pdf

EAPP Reviewer Created by Kris Lesson 1: Reading Academic Texts Academic Text It is the type of text produced by students in an academic setting. Compared to other texts, academic texts are impersonal and formal...

EAPP Reviewer Created by Kris Lesson 1: Reading Academic Texts Academic Text It is the type of text produced by students in an academic setting. Compared to other texts, academic texts are impersonal and formal. Impersonal Formal It usually uses the third person perspective and It strictly adheres to formal English and avoids does not have direct reference to persons and word contractions (ex. shouldn’t, don’t). feelings. Most Common Types of Academic Texts Articles Conference Papers Reviews Thesis Structure of Academic Texts It is typically formal. Clearly structured. From credible sources and properly cited. It also includes a list of references. State critical questions and issues that provide facts and evidences. EAPP Reviewer 1  Use of precise words. Take an objective point-of-view. Use cautious language. Non-academic Text It is personal or subjective in nature. Informal and more conversational. Employed first and second person point of view. Examples of Non-academic Texts Letters Personal Journal Entries Autobiographical Writings E-mails & Text Messages Non-academic vs. Academic Texts Non-academic Writing Academic Writing Linking words / phrases Linking words / phrases The theory appears to provide an explanation I want to go to the cinema, but I have to work for this phenomenon. However this is not the late. case on a closer examination of the facts. Because of work, I can’t go to Bangkok this The experimental design was weak. Moreover, weekend. Anyway, I don’t have enough money. the methodology was faulty. Lesson 2: Evaluating and Citing Sources (APA 7th Edition) EAPP Reviewer 2  Criteria in Evaluating Sources 1. Author 2. Year of Publication 3. Title 4. Publisher Citing It is a format we use for crediting sources. Why do we cite? To give credit to the author of the original work. To promote scholarly writing. To help your target audience to identify your original source. How do we cite? 💡 Follow APA 7th Edition (American Psychological Association) It is the style that provides a foundation for effective scholarly communication because it helps authors present their ideas in a clear, concise, and organized manner (APA, 2020, p. xvii). Forms of Citation In-text Citation Reference Citation It requires the writer to cite the details of the It refers to the bibliographic entries of all reference used in a certain part of their essay. references used by the writer. 2 ways in using In-text Citation Narrative In-text Citation Parenthetical In-text Citation EAPP Reviewer 3  Karas (2020) offered an example of a narrative This is an example of a parenthetical in-text in-text citation. citation (Karas, 2020). For a work with ONE author Narrative In-text Citation According to Sipacio (2016), APA style is required for business student majors. Parenthetical In-text Citation APA style is required for business student majors (Sipacio, 2016). For a work with TWO authors Narrative In-text Citation According to Sipaco and Barrot (2016), APA style is required for business student majors. Parenthetical In-text Citation APA style is required for business student majors (Sipacio & Barrot, 2016). For a work with THREE OR MORE authors Narrative In-text Citation Sipacio et al. (2019) stated that in general, the social science employ this citation style. Parenthetical In-text Citation In general, the social sciences employ this citation style (Sipacio et al., 2019). Format in Reference Citation References - The word “References” should be centered and bold. Punctuation Put a period in between reference elements. Use commas to separate parts of an element. EAPP Reviewer 4  Capitalize the letter of titles, subtitles (after the : ), and proper names. Order - Entries arranged in alphabetical order with hanging indent. Author In-text Reference List … (Pilger, 2006) or Pilger, J. (2006). Freedom next time. One author Pilger (2006) stated Bantam. that… (Shaw & Eichbaum, Shaw, R., & Eichbaum, C. (2008). Public 2008) or Shaw and policy in New Zealand: Institutions, Two authors Eichbaum (2008) … processes and outcomes. Pearson List both authors. Education. Watson, S., Gunasekaran, G., Gedye, M., (Watson et al., 2019) or van Roy, Y., Ross, M., Longdin, L., & Brown, Watson et al. (2019) 3 or more authors, up L. (2003). Law of business organisations (4th stated that… List the to 20 authors ed.). Palatine Press. List the first 19 first author followed authors, then insert three dots (ellipsis by et al. …) and add the last author’s name. 21 or more authors (Loannidis et al., 2016) Loannidis, N. M., Rothstein, J. H., Pejaver, or Loannidis et al. V., Middha, S., McDonnell, S., Baheti, S., EAPP Reviewer 5  (2016) stated … List Musolf, A., Li, Q., Holzinger, E., Karyadi, D., the first author Cannon-Albright, L., Teerlink, C. C., followed by et al. Stanford, J. L., Isaacs, W. B., Xu, J., Cooney, K., Lange, E., Schleutker, J., Carpten, J. D., … Weiver, S. (2016). Revel: An ensemble method for predicting the pathogenicity of rare missense variants. American Journal of Human Genetics, 99(4), 877-885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.016 First citation: (New Zealand Health Information Service [NZHIS], 2003). New Zealand Health Information Service. Subsequent: (NZHIS, (2003). Report on maternity: Maternal and Group (corporate) 2003) … Use the full new-born inequalities in Aotearoa New author with name throughout in Zealand. Otago University Press. Do not abbreviation your in-text include an abbreviation for a group references if there is author in a reference list entry. no formal abbreviation of the group author. … showed in the study (Seidenberg & McClelland, 1990, as cited in Coltheart et al., Coltheart, M., Curtis, B., Atkins, P., & Haller, 1993) or Seidenberg M. (1993). Models of reading aloud: Dual- and McClelland (1990, route and parallel-distributed-processing Author in secondary as cited in Coltheart et approaches. Psychological Review, 100, citations al., 1993) showed … 589-608. Enter the reference list for the Include the original source you have read (secondary work and the date, source). and the citation for the source where you found the information. Author of a chapter in … (Easton, 2008) or Easton, B., (2008). Does poverty affect an edited book According to Easton health? In K. Dew & A. Matheson (Eds.), (2008) Understanding health inequalities in Aotearoa New Zealand (pp. 97-106). Otago EAPP Reviewer 6  University Press. Include a DOI after the publisher, if available. Ewert, E. W., Mitten, D. S., & Overholt, J. R. (2014). Natural environments and human (Ewert et al., 2014) or Book & ebook with health. CAB International. According to Ewert et DOI https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845939199.0000 al. (2014) Include the DOI using the format https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx Foxall, G. R. (2018). Context and cognition in consumer psychology: How perception Book & ebook without and emotion guide action. Routledge. Use (Foxall, 2018) or DOI, ebook without the copyright date. For more than one According to Foxall DOI from research publisher, list all publishers in the order (2018) databases that they appear, separated by a semicolon. Do not include the database name or URL. Washington, E. T. (2014). An overview of cyberbully in higher education. Adult (Washington, 2014) or Article with DOI from Learning, 26(1), 21-27. Washington (2014) research databases https://doi.org/10.1177/1045159514558412 stated that … For DOI, use the format https://doi.org/xxxxxx Moody, M. S. (2019). If instructional Article without DOI: coaching really works, why isn’t it working? From research (Moody, 2019) or Educational Leadership, 77(3), 30-35. Do databases, or From a Moody (2019) not include the database name or URL for print journal articles from most academic research databases. Dayton, K. J. (2019). Tangled arms: Modernizing and unifying the arm-of-the- state doctrine. The University of Chicago Open access journal (Dayton, 2019) or Law Review, 87(6), 1497-1737. article without DOI Dayton (2019) https://bit.ly/25kWwcy Include the URL for articles without a DOI and with a non- database URL, e.g. free online journal articles. Webpage, no date (Athletics New Zealand, Athletics New Zealand (n.d.). Form a new n.d.) or Athletics New club. EAPP Reviewer 7  Zealand (n.d.) https://www.athletics.org.nz/Clubs/Starting-a- New-Club When the author and site name are the same, omit the site name. Monaghan, E. (2019, December 10). 5 reasons modern slavery at sea is still possible in 2019. Greenpeace. (Monaghan, 2019) or Webpage, with a date https://bit.ly/2PIXjqc If the page you are Monaghan (2019) citing includes a last updated date, use that date. Include the name of the website in the reference. MSNBC. (2020, January 7). Julian Castro YouTube video or (MSNBC, 2020) or endorses Elizabeth Warren [Video]. other streaming video MSNBC (2020) YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=Uk2Tzc8H5po Mason, I., & Missingham, R. (2019, October 21-25). Research libraries, data curation, … act of curation works and workflows [Paper presentation]. with unique set of eResearch Australasia Conference, factors (Mason & Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Conference paper Missingham, 2019) or https://bit.ly/2RGcFdn After the title, … according to Mason include a label in square brackets that and Missingham (2019) matches the description of the presentation e.g. [paper presentation]. Create a short URL using https://bitly.com Plagiarism The process or practice of using another person’s ideas or work and pretending that it is your own. Lesson 3: Locating the Main Idea How do I organize my essay thoughts? 1. Thesis Statement - It is a one sentence summary that guides, controls and unifies ideas when writing a paper. EAPP Reviewer 8  💡 Thesis Statement uses a complete sentence ”Getting a college degree is important because it will equip a student to become a professional in his / her chosen field and it will widen his / her perspective of the world.” Legends: Clear background - Subject Colored background - Arguments 2. Topic Sentence - It develops the details in the thesis statement; if the thesis statement contains three details, then the paper will have three topic sentences. 3. Supporting Details - The pieces of information necessary to better understand the main idea. Strategy in Writing a Thesis Statement EAPP Reviewer 9  How to Write an Effective Thesis Statement? Do’s and Don’t EAPP Reviewer 10  1. Should NOT be too narrow nor too broad. 2. Should be objective in manner. 3. Details should have the same level of significance. 4. Should not state a fact. It should have a point. Examples of BAD Thesis Statement: I like dogs because they bark. (Subjective) Of all flavors, chocolate is the best. (Subjective) College students have a lot of responsibilities. (Broad) The Himalayas were formed from a collision of tectonic plates. (Fact) Topic Sentence Sums up the main point of each paragraph. Topic Tagaytay City Why is Tagaytay City considered an enthralling Question place? Tagaytay City is an enthralling city of the South Thesis Statement because of its beautiful landscape, amazing people, and sumptuous food. Tagaytay City attracts tourists with its Topic Sentence 1 magnificent landscape. People go back to Tagaytay for its delicious Topic Sentence 2 foods. The warmth of the city’s amazing people is also Topic Sentence 3 another reason why Tagaytay is alluring. Thesis Statement Topic Sentence LAST sentence of the FIRST sentence of the BODY Where: INTRODUCTION paragraph. paragraph. What: Most important sentence in Most important sentence in your ESSAY has 3 parts - your PARAGRAPH has 2 parts EAPP Reviewer 11  Topic, Opinion, & Reasons. - Topic & Controlling Idea To let the reader know what your opinion / argument is To let the reader know the Why: about the topic and how you focus of the paragraph. will support it with evidence and examples. Supporting Details Facts, reasons, testimonies, statistics, and experiments that support the topic sentence 1. Major Details - Directly support the topic sentence. 2. Minor Details - Directly support the major details. Lesson 4: Summarizing and Paraphrasing Paraphrasing It is restating the idea of the writer in your own words without changing the original idea. 💡 The paraphrase must not be too close to the original words of the author. Guidelines in Paraphrasing Refrain from adding comments about the text. Compare your output to the original text to ensure its accuracy and remove redundant ideas. Write in your own words what you understood about the idea in the text. Let’s Paraphrase! EAPP Reviewer 12  However, college students today are the first Text: groups of students to need the Internet for most of their schoolwork The current generation of students in higher Paraphrased Text: education today is the first to use the Internet for the majority of their studies. A woman who was nominated by the president Text: to head the department was quickly approved by the board of trustees. The board of trustees agreed with the president Paraphrased Text: to appoint a woman head of the department. Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay, and they Text: can consume 75 pounds of food a day. A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia Paraphrased Text: leaves and hay every day. Assessing your paraphrase The meaning is the same. Most of the words have been changed. The sentences have been significantly restructured. This is about the same length as the original writing. Summarizing In summarizing, only important ideas and key points are included. 💡 Supporting details to key points should not be included. Guidelines in Summarizing Should be a complete sentence or two. EAPP Reviewer 13  Should cover main point and key ideas. Should be in your own words. Formats in Summarizing Idea Heading Format - The summarized idea comes before the citation. Example: Benchmarking is a useful strategy that has the potential to help public officials improve the performance of a local services (Folz, 2004). Author Heading Format - The summarized idea comes after the citation. Example: The study of Kabilan et al. (2010) shows that the students perceived FB as an online environment to expedite language learning specifically English. Date Heading Format - Date or year is presented first, followed by the title of the reading material, then the author then the summarized idea. Example: In their 2004 study on the impact of participatory development approach, Irvin and Stansbury argue that participation can be valuable to the participants and the government in terms of the process and outcomes of decision making. Summarizing Paraphrasing Putting main ideas in your own words. Putting source material in your own words. Shorter than original source. Not concerned with the length. Must attribute source. Must attribute source. Lesson 5: Reaction Paper Reaction Paper EAPP Reviewer 14  Is a discussion of one’s comments, opinions, or ideas on certain information, event, article, or any other text. Vital Points to Learn 1. Writer - Must understand fully the main points expressed by the author. 2. Author - It is from the authors main points that the writer (the reactor) will build a response paper by analyzing and elaborating on the ideas and purpose of the author. 3. Reactor - States his / her own ideas on the points claimed by the author, backed up by pieces of evidences and examples. 4. Reaction Paper - Should not summarize the article nor should it repeat the very same words of the author of the article. Process of Writing a Reaction Paper 1. Read and understand fully the article or selection. 2. Identify the major concepts in the article and choose which to articulate in your paper. 3. Write down your initial reactions or questions as you read. 4. Decide whether you agree or disagree with the points presented by the author. 5. Explain why you think so and present how your claim relates to similar knowledge. 6. Write a rough draft of your reaction paper in the following format: Introduction, Body, and Conclusion. 7. Proofread your reaction paper. 8. Write the final edition. Lesson 6: The Review Paper Review Paper EAPP Reviewer 15  It is a constructive evaluation of literature in a particular field through summary, classification, analysis, and comparison. Purpose of a Review Paper Summarize the current state of knowledge of the topic. Present a clear understanding of the topic by discussing the findings in recent research paper. 💡 The review paper is worth nothing if it does not introduce new information, but instead presents a response to another writer’s work. Process of Writing a Review Paper 1. Select a topic Choose a topic on which you can gather relevant idea. Choose a topic you are interested in. 2. Set the scope Make sure the scope is neither too narrow nor too broad. 3. Evaluate Sources Pick out the most recent studies. Gather important information and major points in a research. Use proper citations. 4. Discuss Review and present ideas. Don’t simply summarize, critically analyze and discuss all aspects. Compare and contrast data and information. EAPP Reviewer 16  Section of the paper What it should contain Make it brief. Grab the reader’s interest while introducing the topic. Explain the “big picture” Introduction & Background relevance. Provide the necessary background information. Describe important results from recent primary literature articles. Explain how those results shape our current understanding of the topic. Body of the Paper Mention the types of experiments done and their corresponding data. Point out and address any controversies in the field. Succinctly summarize your major points. Point out the significance of these results. Discuss Conclusion the questions that remain in the area. Keep it brief. Literature Cited Typically, at least 8-10 references are required. Lesson 7: Critique Paper Critique Paper Analyzes and evaluates the worth of a piece of literature and / or other art forms. Literary Criticism Describes and interpret literatures through different lenses. It is used to analyze any literary piece in a comprehensive way. Formalism Claims that literary works contain intrinsic properties and treats each work as a distinct work of art. Aspects to look at in Formalism EAPP Reviewer 17  Contribution of parts and the work as a whole to its aesthetic quality. Relationship of the form and the content. Unity of the work. Feminism It focuses on how literature presents women as subjects of socio-political, psychological, and economic oppression. Masculinism Male Both Female Doctors Cooking Shooting guns Watching the kids Engineering Cleaning Gaming Washing the dishes F eminism Male Both Female Engineering Cooking Doctors Watching the kids Gaming Cleaning Shooting guns Washing the dishes Aspects to look at in Feminism How culture determines gender. EAPP Reviewer 18  How gender equality and issues are presented in literary works. How women are socially, politically, psychologically and economically oppressed by patriarchy. Marxism Focuses on the difference between economic classes and implication of a capitalist system, such as continuing conflicts between working class and the elite. Aspects to look at in Marxism Social class as represented in the work. Social class of the characters. Conflicts and interactions between economic classes. Reader-response Focuses on the reviewer’s reaction as an audience of a work. It claims that reader’s role cannot be separated from understanding of the work. Aspects to look at in Reader-response Text does not have meaning until the reader read and interpret it. Interaction between the reader and the text in creating meaning. Why do we need to make critique paper? Analyze and evaluate the selection Persuade the readers. Argue whether it is worth the reading or not. Parts of Critique Paper Introduction EAPP Reviewer 19  Contains background information about the work. 💡 Include the title, author/creator , publication date, characters, and relevant historical or cultural context. Summary Brief overview of the work. It summarizes main arguments, themes, or key points. 💡 This should be done objectively, without expressing personal opinions or judgments. Analysis Evaluates the strengths and weaknesses and provides critical insights about the work. 💡 Discuss any flaws or inconsistencies you identify, as well as what the work does well. Conclusion Close and summarizes the main points and arguments made throughout the paper. 💡 Include your recommendation for the reader. EAPP Reviewer 20