Emergence Of Social Science - OCR PDF

Emergence of Social Science PRELIM Social Science, Natural Science, and Humanities LESSON 1  Objectives ▪ Explain the idea of Social Sciences and its difference to Natural Science and Humanities ▪ Evaluate the importance of Social Science ▪ Identify the different scenarios...

Emergence of Social Science PRELIM Social Science, Natural Science, and Humanities LESSON 1  Objectives ▪ Explain the idea of Social Sciences and its difference to Natural Science and Humanities ▪ Evaluate the importance of Social Science ▪ Identify the different scenarios if it falls under Natural Science and Social Sciences  Essential Question How can social science help in addressing and resolving present-day social problems? Archaeology Art Biology Economics Geology Genetics Geography History Literature Music Oceanography Philosophy Psychology Sociology Theater Natural Humanities Social Sciences Sciences THE HUMAN KNOWLEDGE  WHAT IS SOCIETY? An enduring and cooperating social group whose members have developed organized patterns of relationship through interaction with one another” (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2014)  WHAT IS SCIENCE? Objective study of natural world and phenomena based on facts learned through experiments and observation WHAT IS SOCIAL SCIENCE? Systematic study of society and its institutions, and of how and why people behave as they do, both as individuals and in groups within society. WHAT IS NATURAL SCIENCE? Studies systematically the occurrence of a natural phenomena based from investigation of material entities in an experimentally-controlled condition –  WHAT IS HUMANITIES? Refer to fields of study that deal with how human beings process and document human experience  Natural Social Humanities Sciences Sciences  Natural Social Humanities Sciences Sciences Archaeology Art Biology Economics Music Geology Geography Philosophy Genetics History Theater Oceanography Psychology Literature Sociology DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NATURAL SCIENCE AND SOCIAL SCIENCE  NATURAL SCIENCES FUNCTION SOCIAL SCIENCES Predictable Unpredictable To understand To analyze, explain, and explain and predict the possibly predict world we live in human behavior using scientific (as groups and/or methods and individuals) distinctive Hard Science Soft Science methods of inquiry  NATURAL SCIENCES METHODOLOGY SOCIAL SCIENCES Qualitative Quantitative Application of Application of an empirical, natural science rational, and methods, i.e., objective systematic methodology observation, (use of validity measurement, Hard Science Soft Science and reliability and tests) to experiment present facts SIMILARITIES BETWEEN NATURAL SCIENCE AND SOCIAL SCIENCE  CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIENCE CHARACTERISTICS EXPLANATION EMPIRICAL A phenomenon should be observable using the different senses PROPOSITIONAL Things are explained in the form of statements or generalizations LOGICAL Employs the rules of logic in order to validate inferences PROBLEM-SOLVING Presents rational explanations about unexplained observations CONTINUOUS Knowledge is built upon by previous and future research on the subject SCIENTIFIC METHOD WHAT IS SCIENTIFIC METHOD? “A standardized set of techniques for building scientific knowledge, such how to make valid observations, how to interpret result and to generalize results. It allows researchers to independently and impartially test preexisting theories and prior findings.” (Bhattacherjee, 2012, p.5)  The researcher selects a particular subject matter Topic depending on his or her interest. The researcher defines the nature of the problem where a theory can be developed along the way; this is the most Problem important phase of inquiry The researcher formulates a general statement of the problem that could give him or her an idea on what data Hypothesis to gather or omit.  This is the stage of empirical research involving the use of senses and/or precision instruments; phenomena must be Data Gathering carefully and accurately described and recorded. The researcher may find patterns and relationships that could help in the analysis of gathered data; this is the stage Analysis of classifying and organizing data The researcher formulates a scientific theory after a thorough analysis of data; a theory can be changed or Conclusion revised depending on the result of future research projects.  Essential Question How can social science help in addressing and resolving present-day social problems?