Communication Models and Media Channels PDF

Pangalan: [ ] Linggo: [ ] Baitang & Pangkat : [ ] Petsa: [ ] **[Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences ]** **[Quarter 2 Activity Sheet \#1]** **[Topic: Communication Models and Media Channels]** MODELS OF COMMUNICATION Since 300BC, communication theorists have developed communication...

Pangalan: [ ] Linggo: [ ] Baitang & Pangkat : [ ] Petsa: [ ] **[Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences ]** **[Quarter 2 Activity Sheet \#1]** **[Topic: Communication Models and Media Channels]** MODELS OF COMMUNICATION Since 300BC, communication theorists have developed communication models to improve communication and rhetoric. Communication models are systematic representations of the processes of communication which helps in understanding how communication works. Models show the process metaphorically and in symbols. They form general perspectives on communication by breaking communication from complex to simple and keep the components in order (Businesstopia 2020). When assessing models of communication, methods, channels, and purpose of communication to be used must be considered. Models are used by organizations to improve their communication, explore their options and to evaluate their own situations. It is also used to understand how the receivers will interpret the message. COMMUNICATION MEDIA According to Nordquist (2020), "medium is a channel or system of communication---the means by which information (the message) is transmitted between a speaker or writer (the sender) and an audience (the receiver)." Thus the term media became known as it is the plural form of medium, which can also be called channel. As technology advances, communication media offered a variety of ways to suit the needs of its clientele. In connection to this, Cauyan, Brillon and Quilicol(2017) identified several communication media. In n this lesson we will discuss two of the communication media, namely: mass media and telecommunications. +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Communication | **Description** | **Forms** | | Media** | | | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | Mass media | Diversified media | - **Print** | | | technologies that are | | | | intended to reach a | Includes | | | large audience by | newspapers, | | | mass communication | magazines | | | (Mass media 2020) | brochures and the | | | | like. It remains | | | | relevant in | | | | spreading | | | | information | | | | despite a decline | | | | in popularity due | | | | to advances in | | | | telecommunication | | | | s. | | | | As compared to | | | | other media it is | | | | the most tangible | | | | and can be owned | | | | to serve as | | | | historical | | | | evidence. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | - **Radio** | | | | | | | | **AM** radio- | | | | means amplitude | | | | modulation which | | | | has longer range. | | | | It usually | | | | broadcast in mono | | | | which makes it | | | | easier to | | | | broadcast voices | | | | but is prone to | | | | signal | | | | distortion. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | - **Television** | | | | | | | | It has an audio | | | | visual capacity | | | | as compared to | | | | other medium. | | | | With such, it has | | | | become the | | | | dominant medium | | | | for news, | | | | entertainment and | | | | education. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | Telecommunications | Involves the | - **Mobile phones** | | | convergence of | | | | different | According to Ling | | | technologies to | and Donner(2009), | | | transmit information | mobile phones are | | | either through cables | considered one of | | | or in the form of | the most | | | electromagnetic waves | successfully | | | | incorporated | | | | technologies of | | | | all time. It is | | | | being used for | | | | faster and easier | | | | connection for | | | | social | | | | relationships, | | | | academe, and | | | | businesses. | | | | | | | | - **New media** | | | | | | | | The rise of | | | | internet through | | | | digital | | | | transmission has | | | | led to a new | | | | media. Its | | | | strength lies in | | | | building | | | | connections and | | | | conversation. It | | | | is content | | | | available on | | | | demand and can be | | | | accessed through | | | | a variety of | | | | gadgets such as | | | | cell phones, | | | | laptops, and | | | | tablets, among | | | | others. | | | | | | | | Social media is a | | | | subset of new | | | | media. It | | | | includes sites | | | | that connect | | | | family and | | | | friends (Facebook | | | | and Twitter), to | | | | create and upload | | | | own content | | | | (Youtube, | | | | Instagram) to | | | | share photos and | | | | videos(Vimeo, | | | | Pinterest). With | | | | these in | | | | consideration, | | | | social media | | | | operates in | | | | dialogic | | | | transmission | | | | system meaning it | | | | has many sources | | | | as compared to | | | | mass media which | | | | is monologic. It | | | | is monologic in | | | | the sense that it | | | | has only one | | | | source (TV, | | | | radio, print) but | | | | many receivers. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **Quarter 2 -- Module 2:** **Functions of Applied Social Sciences** **FUNCTIONS OF APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE** Applied social sciences are the purveyors of social justice , inclusion and caregiving.Their presence is strongly felt in areas like: children and family agencies , health care settings ,including community based clinics and hospitals ; schools; correctional facilities ; settings that serve older adults , such as nursing homes and military veterans and active duty military personnel. Applied social science services are indispensable to the full transformation of a child because they are critical to unblocking all barriers to the individual's group and community's holistic development Applied social science help us consider all helping situations to be multicultural in the sense of people's uniqueness. **[1.Self-Development ]** Counselling offers guidance to individuals in varying situations of conflict, confusion and crisis and provides the tools for individuals to address issues of self development. Social work offers a wide range of services ,particularly in aid of emancipating the marginalized individuals and facilitating participation in the public goods and services that are necessary for self-development. Communication empowers the individual with listening and speaking skills in order for them to be effective. Self-development has to do with taking an active role in one's own development. **[2.Persuasion]** Is the ability to understand well one's audience and its complexity. In this kind of communication, the communicator deals with people's basic attitudes , values , and beliefs on issues and how to tailor the message for the audience in order to convince them to adopt a particular point of view through appropriate channels --TV , radio , internet , magazines and newspapers Persuasion consist or contains very few words making sure each one is very important, simple, specific , and exciting. Persuasion energizes itself to move audiences to desired and immediate action. **[3. Art and Entertainment]** Through art and entertainment , we are able to see life differently, without imposing our values and perceptions on it. It allows us to expand our experience, intensify our perceptions , challenge conventional wisdom and norms, and introduce another frame of reference that is conceptualized by the artist. Art and entertainment can provide nurturance and keep communities mentally and socially healthy. Art and entertainmet such as music , dance or theatre are form of mass communication that are useful and educational and uplift the feelings of individuals, groups and communities. They bring awareness and as well as humor. Art and entertainment professionals and practitioners work in cruise lines, convention services , theme parks, concerts , film companies, TV stations and radio stations, music companies theatre and numerous other entertainment venues. The industry requires creativity, adaptability and offers the opportunity to travel. The art and entertainment industry offers a wide range of career opportunities. **[4.News and Information ]** The new media and social media are providing the possibility of driving the democratization of information by undercutting the agenda setting of large media outlets and their ability to control news and information flows. The overall information ecosystem has changed.More small publishers have been created forming new clusters of new players and build pathways for interesting ideas and statements that are finding broader audiences. The society is informed by simply reading ,listening to ,or watching just about anything; through a formed intermediary that tells them what is good , important or meaningful by simply accessing a wide range of means for them to sort things out for themselves amd find their own version of truth. A social network "hashtag" can alert us on important issues and create an attention empowering the otherwise less known , less powerful individuals in ways that no prior technology has ever done. Social media has the possibility of making accessible and driving democratization of information further beyond the agenda setting of large media outlets and their relative control of news and information flows. Many news organizations have now opened their sites and allows users to "share," "like" or "recommend" content on social media. Applied social in this context can provide encouragement and emopowerment to underserved communities to avail open and free media channels to voice out and to consume critical information. **[5.Organizing Advocacy]** Issues that matter to individuals ,groups , and communities have to be raised in political platforms and find public solutions and policy where possible. In organizing advocacy for issues of great concern , one can benefit from core values of applied social sciences.These values foster common good and inclusion and greater sense of life in community. People are encouraged to be in solidarity with one another and very often, go beyond oneself. **[6.Education ]** The educational process is a well-recpgnized global framework and means of socialization and enculturation. Education is an ongoing process of improving knowledge and skills , and it is an exceptional means of bringing about personal development and building relationships among individuals , groups and nations. Following the principles and ideas upon which UNESCO was founded , education bring hope for a world that is a better place to live in, where people respect the rights of a women and men , and show mutual understanding and advances in knowledge to foster human development rather than to create barriers.But each nation puts in place a framework to ensure that its young and total population are guided by their personal and social development. Jacques Delors, in his capacity as chairperson of the international commission on educationfor the 21st Century and former European commission president , in the UNESCO 1996 report, Learning : The Treasure within , proposed an integrated vision for education. He said: "In confronting the many challenges that the future holds in store, humankind sees in education an indispensable asset in its attempt to attain the ideals of peace, freedom , and social justice.As it concludes its work , the Commission affirms its belief that education has a fundamental role to play in personal and social development.The Commission does not see education as a miracle cure or a magic formula opening the door to a world in which all ideals will be attained, but as one of the principal means available to foster a deeper and more harmonious form of human development and thereby to reduce poverty , exclusion, ignorance , oppression and war." (p.11) In many instances, education has played a big role in reducing poverty , social exclusion , ignorance , oppression , and war. The best defense for every individual , group and community is to have at least a good education that can empower them with the ability to defend themselves when their rights are threatened and to take an active role in claiming what is due them and in contributing positively to their communities as contributors to community well-being. In 1972 report, UNESCO essentially gave birth to the four pillars education that continue to inform and shape global education curricular θ Learning to know θ Learning to live θ Learning to live together θ Learning to know This type of learning is radically different from 'rote learning'.It implies' the mastery of the instruments of knowledge themselves and acquiring knowledge in a never-ending process and openness to be constantly enriched by all forma of experience.It encompasses the development of the faculties of memory. Imagination , reasoning , problem solving and the ability to think in a coherent and critical way. Learning to Do This pillar of learning implies the application of what learners have learned or known into practices.It means putting to use one's education , knowledge , skills and attitudes as the case in technical-vocational education and work skills training. Learning to Live Together This type of learning is critical in the increasingly globalizing world. It implies that education has to take two complementary paths :On one level, discovery of others and on another experience of shared purposes throughout life. Learning to Be This type of learning echoes the possibility of becoming dehumanized as a result of technical change and therefore puts on scaffolds.It fosters principle that 'the aim of development is the complete fulfilment of humankind in all the richness of his or her personality , the complexity of his or her forms of expression and of his or her various commitments as individual , member of a family and of a community. **[7.Socialization and Enculturation]** Socialization is the process by which society turns an individual from being a child into a full-fledged responsible adult or from being an outsider to becoming an insider. Enculturation is a process by which one requires a culture of his or her environment ( Sampa, 2008). Since culture is a meaning-making system ,there are five elenents included in the meaning production: symbols , language, norms , ideareal or worldview-ethos. To be enculturated means that one can understand the cultural symbols , the language , the values , the norms and is capable to negotiate the thin line of meanings called ideal-real or worldview ethos Acculturation, is a concept that refers to the process of acquisition of a second culture. **[Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences ]** **[Quarter 2 Activity Sheet \#3]** **[Topic:] Effects of Applied Social Sciences Processes on Individuals, Groups, and Society**  After going through this work text, students are expected to: 1. identify the social issues addressed by applied social sciences 2. analyze the effects of applied social sciences processes on individuals, groups, and society (HUMSS\_DIASS 12-IIe-f-44) 3. appreciate the knowledge about effects of applied social sciences processes on individuals, groups, and society through realization of its benefits to people close to the student. Social Inequality in the Midst of Development According to a study, by year 2030, 80% of Filipinos will live in cities and other urbanized areas here and abroad (Tirona, 2013). These development and urbanization have positive and negative impacts to society. Some of the good changes brought about by development were the efficient production of goods and services. Some migrant workers were empowered and became successful in socio-economic aspect. There are also classes of people who are now living in a more comfortable life as compared to an agriculturally dependent lifestyle of the past century. However, the common people are struggling because farming had ceased to be a reliable source of daily needs of families in rural areas. Consequently, many families migrated from provinces to find a way to survive in the cities. As a result, children were not being cared for as parents are working from a distant location and can't help but to leave the family (Battistella & Conaco, 1998). Another cause for concern, an SWS survey found out that 53% of Filipino respondents agree to legalize divorce (Tomacruz, 2018). According to Representative Edcel Lagman this had come to this point due to Filipino couples' infidelity, abuse, financial problems, lack of intimacy and communication, and inequality (Jalea, 2021). Moreover, from among the many social problems of society, one of the most controversial is the drug menace which is still yet to be won. In light of all these burdens, the practitioners of applied social sciences are specifically trained to address the aforementioned social problems. Hence, Counseling and Social work are considered as helping professions. Furthermore, the discipline of communication will complement them. In relation to this, Cauyan, Brillon, and Quilicol(2017) stated four effects of these applied social sciences to our society which we will discuss in this worksheet.   **[Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences]** **[Quarter 2 Activity Sheet \#5]** **Topic: [Effects of Applied Social Sciences Processes on Family Relations]**  After going through this work text, students are expected to: 1. identify the different types of dysfunctional families addressed by applied social sciences 2. analyze the effects of applied social sciences processes to families. **Family Relationships and Applied Social sciences** Children growing up in supportive environments are likely to form healthy, open relationships in adulthood. There are expectations that in the event that stressful conflict in school or peers occurs, they would find refuge in the comfort of their families. However in reality, families may fail to provide for many of their children's emotional and physical needs and can be categorize as ***dysfunctional f*amilies**. A family is dysfunctional if they regularly experience conflict, misbehavior, or abuse in a way that causes some family members to accommodate such inappropriate actions. In addition, the families' communication patterns may severely limit the child's expressions of feelings and needs. Children growing up in such families are likely to develop low self-esteem and feel that their needs are not important or perhaps should not be taken seriously by others. As a result, they may form unsatisfying relationships as adults.   **[Disciplines and Ideas in Applied Social Sciences]** **[Quarter 2 Activity Sheet \#7]** **Topic: [Effects of Applied Social Sciences Processes in Structural Change]**  After going through this work text, students are expected to: 1. identify the terms related to structural change. 2. analyze the effects of structural change to society, community, and individuals. 3. **value the reforms in society through applied social sciences by contributing to social equality.** **Structural Disadvantage** In our society, we witness everyday how disadvantage impacts on the lives of individuals, families, groups and communities. Poverty, poor health, unemployment, discrimination, crime, substance abuse, inappropriate housing and psychological distress are just some examples. In relation to these, applied social science practitioners work in partnership with people to try and overcome the disadvantage they experience. Disadvantage resulting from societal factors is often referred to as ***structural disadvantage***. Some examples of societal factors include inability to access services, institutional barriers such as policies, legislation, processes; and discrimination on the basis of factors such as ethnicity, gender, age, religion, disability and sexuality. Thus, in a structural perspective we can say that people are disadvantaged because of oppressive and inequitable social structures (e.g. class, gender, capitalism, income distribution, institutional racism).