Communication Models Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of communication models?

  • To create complex representations of communication processes
  • To enhance understanding of communication mechanisms (correct)
  • To eliminate the need for receivers in communication
  • To foster competition among different communication channels

Which of the following is a characteristic of mass media?

  • Primarily uses social media platforms
  • Is solely focused on telecommunication methods
  • Utilizes diverse technologies for broad reach (correct)
  • Targets a specific audience segment

What does the term 'medium' refer to in communication?

  • A system through which information is transmitted (correct)
  • The emotional response from the audience
  • The content of the message itself
  • A method to simplify communication

Which of the following is NOT a form of mass media?

<p>Personal blogs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key element is essential when assessing communication models?

<p>The methods, channels, and purpose of communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which is a component of telecommunications?

<p>Radio broadcasting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do organizations utilize communication models?

<p>To assess their communication effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the plural form of 'medium' in communication context?

<p>Media (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason radio remains relevant despite a decline in popularity?

<p>It can serve as historical evidence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AM in AM radio stand for?

<p>Amplitude Modulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of AM radio?

<p>It typically broadcasts in mono. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes television from other communication media?

<p>It has audio visual capacity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the range of AM radio compare to other types of broadcasting?

<p>It has a longer range than FM radio. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do mobile phones play in communication?

<p>They facilitate faster and easier connections. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of AM radio broadcasting?

<p>It is prone to signal distortion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is radio considered one of the most tangible media?

<p>It is physical and can be collected. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Ling and Donner (2009), why are mobile phones considered significant?

<p>They incorporate various technologies successfully. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant reason for the decline in radio's popularity?

<p>Advances in telecommunication technologies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the dominance of television?

<p>Television has surpassed other media for enjoyment and information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about AM radio is NOT accurate?

<p>AM radio typically broadcasts in stereo. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of telecommunications, what does the term 'convergence' refer to?

<p>The integration of different technologies for data transmission. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a primary use of mobile phones according to the provided content?

<p>Providing traditional broadcast services. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medium is identified as dominant for news, entertainment, and education?

<p>Television. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental attribute of telecommunications is highlighted?

<p>Use of electromagnetic waves for communication. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of media system does social media operate in?

<p>Dialogic transmission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which platform is primarily designed for sharing videos?

<p>YouTube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best summarizes the difference between social media and mass media?

<p>Social media includes many sources while mass media is limited to one. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do platforms like Facebook and Twitter primarily connect?

<p>Family and friends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following platforms is NOT associated with visual content sharing?

<p>Twitter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature that distinguishes dialogic media from monologic media?

<p>Multiple sources of content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding social media platforms like Instagram?

<p>They facilitate sharing of personal photos and videos. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pillar of education emphasizes the application of what learners have learned into practice?

<p>Learning to do (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'learning to live together' primarily address?

<p>Cultural understanding and shared purposes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT included in the meaning-making system of culture?

<p>Economics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves an individual becoming a responsible adult through societal influence?

<p>Socialization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does learning to be aim to prevent in individuals?

<p>Dehumanization from technical change (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way is enculturation characterized?

<p>Understanding and integrating into one's surrounding culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the pillar 'learning to know'?

<p>Continuous acquisition of knowledge and critical reasoning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acculturation refers to which of the following?

<p>Acquisition of a second culture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does art and entertainment play in communities?

<p>They foster mental and social health. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a venue for art and entertainment professionals?

<p>Corporate offices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does social media contribute to democratizing information?

<p>By empowering individuals with direct information sharing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one opportunity provided by the art and entertainment industry?

<p>Travel opportunities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the changes in the information ecosystem due to new media?

<p>It has created more independent publishers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of social network hashtags in current media?

<p>They create awareness about important issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for issues affecting communities to be raised in political platforms?

<p>To find public solutions and policies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is essential for success in the art and entertainment industry?

<p>Creativity and adaptability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communication Models

Systematic representations of communication processes that clarify how communication works

Communication Media

The channels or systems used to transmit information between sender and receiver.

Mass Media

Diversified media technologies targeting a broad audience for mass communication.

Print Media

A type of mass media utilizing physical publications like newspapers and magazines.

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Telecommunications

Communication over long distances using technological systems like phone lines.

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Sender

The individual or entity who initiates communication.

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Receiver

The recipient of a communicated message.

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Message

The information being communicated in the conversation.

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Radio

A communication medium that transmits audio signals wirelessly using radio waves.

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AM Radio

A type of radio transmission using amplitude modulation, which broadcasts at lower frequencies with longer range and usually in mono sound.

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Frequency Modulation (FM)

A type of radio transmission using frequency modulation, which broadcasts at higher frequencies with shorter range and usually in stereo sound.

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Tangible Media

Media that exists in a physical form, such as books, newspapers, or physical recordings, allowing ownership and preservation.

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Historical Evidence

Tangible items serving as proof of past events, activities, or conditions, like old books or newspapers.

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Why is radio still relevant?

Radio remains a relevant form of communication despite decline in popularity due to technology advancements, as it offers a tangible, historical record and can be owned.

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What are the pros and cons of AM radio?

AM radio offers longer range and is easier for broadcasting voices but is more prone to signal distortion.

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How does FM radio differ from AM?

FM radio uses higher frequencies, resulting in shorter broadcast range, but provides higher quality stereo sound with less distortion.

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Television's Role

Television is a dominant medium for news, entertainment, and education due to its audio and visual capabilities.

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Mobile Phones' Dominance

Mobile phones are considered one of the most successfully incorporated technologies due to their use in social connections, academics, and businesses.

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Telecommunications Convergence

Telecommunications involves combining different technologies to transmit information through cables or electromagnetic waves.

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Mobile Phone Impact

Mobile phones are used for quicker and easier communication, fostering strong social relationships, academic progress, and business operations.

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Art & Entertainment's Impact

Art and entertainment help individuals, groups, and communities stay healthy mentally and socially by providing enjoyable experiences, fostering awareness, and promoting laughter.

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Art & Entertainment Careers

The art and entertainment industry encompasses a wide range of jobs, from cruise ship performers to movie production, requiring creativity and adaptability.

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New Media Democratization

New media and social media allow for information to be spread freely, reducing the control of large media outlets and empowering diverse voices.

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Social Media's Role

Social media platforms connect people, raise awareness about important issues, and provide access to information beyond traditional media channels.

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Empowering Communities

Social media can help underserved communities access open and free media channels, allowing them to express themselves and share important information.

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Raising Issues Publicly

Important issues for individuals, groups, and communities need to be raised on political platforms to find solutions and policies.

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Public Solutions

Addressing issues that matter to communities often involves seeking solutions and policies that benefit the public.

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Policy Impact

Finding solutions and policies for community issues can have a significant impact on improving people's lives.

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Social Media

A platform that allows users to connect with each other, share information, and create content through websites, apps, and online services.

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Dialogic Transmission

A communication system where multiple sources contribute to the information flow, unlike mass media with a single source.

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Monologic Transmission

A communication system where information flow is from a single source to many receivers, like in TV or radio.

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What are the key differences between social media and mass media?

Social media is dialogic, allowing multiple sources, while mass media is monologic with a single source. Social media usually involves user-generated content, while mass media typically involves professionally produced content. Social media often has more interactive features.

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What are examples of sources in social media?

Social media sources can be individuals, groups, organizations, or businesses who create and share information online through various platforms.

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What are examples of sources in mass media?

Mass media sources are typically large companies or organizations responsible for producing and distributing content through traditional channels.

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How has the internet impacted communication?

The internet has revolutionized communication by enabling faster and more widespread information sharing. It provides platforms for both social media and mass media, creating diverse communication channels.

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UNESCO's Four Pillars of Education

A framework proposed by UNESCO in 1972 that outlines four essential types of learning: Learning to know, Learning to do, Learning to live together, and Learning to be.

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Learning to Know

This pillar emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and acquiring knowledge through a continuous process of learning and exploration.

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Learning to Do

This pillar focuses on applying knowledge and skills in practical settings, particularly in technical-vocational education and work training.

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Learning to Live Together

This pillar emphasizes building positive relationships, understanding diverse perspectives, and fostering intercultural dialogue.

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Learning to Be

This pillar promotes personal development, fostering the growth of one's full potential and understanding their place in the world.

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Socialization

The process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors of their society and transition from childhood to adulthood.

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Enculturation

The process of acquiring and internalizing a culture, including symbols, language, norms, and values.

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Acculturation

The process of adapting to a new or different culture, often when individuals migrate or live in a multicultural society.

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Study Notes

Communication Models and Media Channels

  • Communication theorists have developed communication models since 300BC to improve communication and rhetoric.
  • Models are systematic representations of communication processes.
  • Models help understand how communication works.
  • Models show the process metaphorically and in symbols, simplifying complex communication.
  • Models outline components in order.
  • When assessing communication models, consider methods, channels, and communication purpose.
  • Models help organizations improve communication, explore options, and evaluate situations by understanding how receivers interpret messages.
  • Linear model: a one-way communication flow from sender to receiver, with no feedback.
  • Aristotle's model, an example of a linear model, examines how to be a more persuasive communicator (dating back to 300BC).
  • Shannon-Weaver model: focuses on sender, encoder, channel, decoder, and receiver, and the role of noise.

Models of Communication (continued)

  • Interactive model: emphasizes two-way communication, response to mass communication (like internet), and feedback.
  • Osgood-Schramm model: sender and receiver on equal footing; feedback is immediate.
  • Westley and Maclean model: considers feedback and environmental/cultural factors.
  • Transactional model: similar to interactive models, but also considers communication in relation to social reality, culture, relationships.
  • Dance's Helical Model: portrays communication as a continuous, non-repeating circular process.

Communication Media and Forms

  • Media are channels or systems of communication.
  • Mass media: diverse technologies reaching large audiences for mass communication.
  • Print: newspapers, magazines, brochures; still significant despite decline in popularity.
  • Radio: AM (amplitude modulation, susceptible to distortion), FM (frequency modulation, less susceptible to distortion).
  • Television: audio-visual capacity, dominant in news, entertainment, education.
  • Mobile phones: for faster communication, social connection, and business.
  • New media: internet; social media sites connect people, are monologic (one source), and offer dialogic transmission.

Functions of Applied Social Sciences

  • Applied social sciences are aimed at social justice, inclusion, caregiving.
  • Counseling: providing guidance, tools for conflict resolution, and self-development.
  • Social work: providing wide range of services, particularly those aimed at marginalized groups and public services for self-development.
  • Persuasion: understanding the audience, tailoring messages for their attitudes, values, beliefs; using concise, simple, targeted communication.
  • Art and entertainment: offering unique perspectives, challenging ideas, providing emotional and social support to communities.
  • News and information: democratizing information, challenging agenda-setting by large media outlets.
  • Education: fostering social interaction, cultural understanding, and skill building, creating a better world.

Effects of Applied Social Sciences Processes on Family Relations

  • Strong family environments lead to open and healthy relationships, providing refuge in times of stress or conflict.
  • Dysfunctional families are defined by conflict, misbehavior, or abuse, impacting communication and expression.
  • Family counseling: focusing on psychological, behavioral, and emotional aspects of family conflict; aimed at developing healthy relationships.

Effects of Applied Social Sciences Processes on Social Media

  • Mass media: technology intended to reach a mass audience (newspapers, magazines, radio, television, internet).
  • Newspapers, magazines: important for information, with advantages like flexibility, geographic selectivity, widespread coverage, cheap media.
  • Disadvantages include poor quality, short life, and limited reach to specific groups.
  • Television: a powerful audio-visual medium, reaching wide audiences, high cost, short-lived messages, easily distracted viewers by zapping.
  • Radio: widespread coverage, reaching diverse audiences, cost-effective, lacking visual elements, easily distracted viewers by tuning out.
  • Cinema & video: delivering powerful images and messages; high cost, limited reach.
  • Internet and social media: a major source of information exchange, interaction, and detailed messages.

Effects of Applied Social Sciences Processes on Structural Change

  • Structural disadvantage: disadvantages faced by individuals, families, or groups due to societal factors (like lack of access to services, policies/legislation, processes, discrimination).
  • Social change: alterations in social behaviors, socialization trends, or attitudes, often brought about by social institutions (education, healthcare, employment, etc.).
  • Social institutions: key organizations within a society addressing multiple needs.
  • Social structure: the patterned social processes organizing society.
  • State reform: aimed at democratization, broadened access to political processes, non-violent dispute resolution.
  • Strengthening civil society: Fosters dialogue and reconciliation, promotes cooperation between states and civil society groups, encourages public participation.
  • Empowering weaker groups: giving marginalized groups a say in decisions affecting them.
  • Constitutional reform: changing laws to address group concerns.

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