Developmental Stage: Middle and Late Childhood PDF

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD Presented by: MAY BACAY PROGRESS Physical Cognitive Psychosocial skills  PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT ❑Fine and Gross Motor Skills become increasingly coordinated in their movement, de...

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD Presented by: MAY BACAY PROGRESS Physical Cognitive Psychosocial skills  PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT ❑Fine and Gross Motor Skills become increasingly coordinated in their movement, demonstrating greater dexterity ❑Physical Growth during this phase is highly variable with girls typically experiencing puberty earlier than boys. ❑Growth Chart sensitive indicator of health or disability than actual size.  COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Piaget’s labeled as the period of concrete operational. This stage marks the development of logical and rational thinking. Children begin to use syllogistic reasoning, which involves drawing logistic conclusions from two premises. Develop more sophisticated language skills including the ability to use sarcasm , tell jokes and communicate complex ideas. Develop the ability to concentrate for longer periods , delay gratification and take responsibility for their actions. Gain a better understanding of time. Develop special interest in specific topics and pursue them with dedication. Begin to understand the concept of cause and effect. Ability to understand the events have cause and effect. Begin to master conservation (The understanding that the quantity or amount of something remains the same even if it appearance changes.  Teaching Strategies Identify Individual Learning Style ▪ each child’s individual learning style and preference ▪ determining and how to assess a child’s readiness to learn Accommodating Special Needs ▪ using variety of teaching methods such as lectures , group work , hands –on activities and technology Self-Directed Learning ▪ learning by setting goals, choosing activities and working independently Role of the School Nurse ▪ school nurse as the vital resources for health education Teaching Parents ▪ parents should be informed of what their child is being taught to ensure children receive appropriate care and support  Short-Term Learning ❖Encourage independence and active participation in their care ❖This recognize that older children have longer attention span and can process more complex information ❖It is important to use variety of teaching methods and adapting to children’s evolving abilities and preferences ❖Relatable examples and showing children that they are not alone in their experiences ❖Clear communication is essential and use age appropriate language ❖Use analogies to make invisible processes real ❖Highlights the value of individualized attention and tailoring instruction to child specific needs and experiences ❖Emphasize the importance of repetition and ensuring the child understand the information ❖Children may have different learning styles and preferences, and it's important to choose methods that are comfortable and effective for them ❖group learning can be beneficial, especially for children who may be going through similar experiences ❖emphasizes the importance of preparation and providing children with information to help them feel more comfortable and in control ❖emphasizes the importance of preparation and providing children with information to help them feel more comfortable and in control ❖encourages children to be active participants in their care, which can help them feel more empowered and in control. ❖highlights the importance of positive reinforcement and creating a supportive environment for children  Long-term Learning The importance of empowering children to take ownership of their health and participate in their treatment plans. The importance of preventive health measures and healthy habits in children. Role of motivation , self-esteem, and positive self-perception in influencing health behavior.  Adolescence (12-19Years of Age) A period of transition between childhood and adulthood. A time of rapid physical cognitive , social and emotional maturing as the boy prepares for manhood and the girl prepares for womanhood. Adolescents face unique healthcare challenges, including mental health issues like anorexia and obesity.  Physical Development ❖Adolescents undergo rapid physical maturation and significant changes in body size shape and function. Cognitive Development ❖ Adolescents develop formal operational thought, which enables them to think abstractly, reason hypothetically and consider multiple perspectives. They also develop a greater understanding of complex logical thinking described as propositional reasoning. Psychosocial Development ❖ They may struggle with peer pressure, social expectations and finding their place in the world. Concept Egocentrism Imaginary Audience Personal Fable Propositional Reasoning Teaching Strategies SHORT-TERM LEARNING ❖Use one to one ❖Choose peer-group discussion ❖Use face to face or computer group discussion, role playing and gaming ❖Adjunct instructional tools ❖Clarify any scientific terminology and medical jargon used. ❖Share decision making ❖Include adolescents in formulating teaching plans ❖Suggest options ❖Give rationale ❖Approach them with respect , tact , openness and flexibility ❖Expect negative responses ❖Avoid confrontation  LONG-TERM LEARNING ▪ Accept their personal fable and imaginary audience ▪ Acknowledge that their feelings are very real ▪ Allow them the opportunity to test their own convictions. Reference Bastable, S.B. Nurse as Educator: Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice (5th ed.)