CPAR Reviewer PDF

CPAR Reviewer Created by Kris Lesson 1: Understanding the Fundamentals of Contemporary Art Art It is a creation constructed from man’s imagination. It is a tool for communication. Whether it is a painti...

CPAR Reviewer Created by Kris Lesson 1: Understanding the Fundamentals of Contemporary Art Art It is a creation constructed from man’s imagination. It is a tool for communication. Whether it is a painting or a performance as long as it is a venue for one to convey or express a thought, emotions, or as aspirations; it is considered art. Function of Art If one were to equate function with practical usefulness, then art has no function. But if by function, one means its reason for being, then the function of art is simply to be. Art would seem to serve a purpose, but more for its creator than for anyone else. An artist creates because he or she feels the need to express a thought or sentiment. Angono Petroglyphs Did the individual or individuals who engraved the human and animal figures in a rock wall in Angono during the Neolithic era (now known as the Angono Petroglyphs, which were discovered by National Artist Carlos “Botong” Francisco in 1965) care that anyone would see the drawings? Elements and Principles of Art CPAR Reviewer 1  Elements of “Building Blocks” of art 1. Line - A mark with greater length than width. It can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal; straight or curved; thick, or thin. 2. Shape - A closed line. It can be geometric (squares, circles, etc.). 3. Space - The area between around objects is often called negative space; it can also refer to the feeling or illusion of depth. 4. Color - The light reflected of objects and consists hue (the name of the color such as red, blue, yellow, etc.). 5. Value (how light or dark a color is) - Describes how light or dark a color is. When a color has white added to it, it is a tint and is lighter in value. When a color has black added to it, it is a shade and is darker in value. 6. Intensity - Is the brightness or dullness of a color. A color as we see it on a color wheel is at full intensity (bright). 7. Texture - The surface quality that can be seen and felt; can be rough or smooth, soft or hard. Elements of Specific Arts Music has rhythm, dynamics, and melody. Architecture has pattern, proportion, and scale. Sculpture has volume and movement. Dance has rhythm and movement. Literature has tone, diction, and imagery. Cinema has cinematography, sound, and action. Summary All these art forms can exhibit all the same said unique elements but in different context. Artists use these elements differently when creating their works, but they are uniformly conscious of expressing balance, proportion, emphasis, variety, CPAR Reviewer 2  movement, rhythm, and harmony, which are regarded as the general principles of art, in their creations. Historical times and places that artists live in greatly influence how they incorporate to hew the principles. As we go through the various periods in art history, we notice that a particular world view and an artistic style characterize specific periods such as the baroque , renaissance, romantic, realist, or modern eras. Contemporary Art Modernism is the last period in art history of easily classified art movements. The movements under postmodernism or contemporary art (cannot be readily distinguished as they are numerous, sometimes occurring simultaneously, and often practiced by relatively small group of artists). Essence of Contemporary Art Contemporary viewers are different as well from the viewers of past artistic movements. It is used to be that viewers would contemplate on the formal elements of a work art and ask: Do I like how this looks? Nowadays, viewers seem more focused on the subject and ask: “Do I like the idea this artist presents?” Integrated Art Is an artistic creation or work that fully uses two or more artistic disciplines. Examples of Integrated Art: 1. Film - Which brings together visual arts and literature. 2. Ballet - Which integrates dance, music, and theater. 3. Graphic Novels - Combine visual arts and literature. 4. Musical Plays - Which have elements of music, dance, literature, and theatre. CPAR Reviewer 3  💡 Some contemporary art forms are integrated With the use of technology, artists are able to create light and sound shows that feature laser lights in various colors (visual arts) moving in synchronization with the beat and rhythm (dance) of an ensemble or orchestral piece (music). One may have also come across works that integrate painting and sculpture, wherein three-dimensional figures emerge from the scene depicted on the canvass ,simulating movement within a static setting. State of Contemporary Arts in the Philippines Filipino artists are among the most creative and prolific in the world. Many Filipino contemporary artists in specific disciplines have gained prominence through their works which reflect social consciousness, innovative technique, and exquisite artistry, thereby setting the bar high for the next generation of artists. Lesson 2: The Values of Art UP Chapel: Epitomizing the Practice of Integrative Art as Contemporary Art Values of Art How can we tell if an artwork is great? Works of art have certain standard by which all artworks can be measures for evaluation. Great works of art are distinguished by the following qualities: 1. Aesthetic Value - Refers to the value which causes an object to be a “work of art.” This is a quality which appeals to our sense of beauty. 2. Intellectual Value - An artwork stimulates thought. It enriches our mental life by making us realize fundamental truths about ourselves, about other human beings, and about the world around us. CPAR Reviewer 4  3. Suggestiveness - Quality associated with the emotional power of art. Great works of art move us deeply and stir our feeling and imagination, giving us evoking visions above and beyond the plain ordinary life and experience. 4. Spiritual Value - Art elevates the spirit by bringing out moral values which makes us a better person. 5. Permanence - A great work of art endures. It can be viewed again and again as each encounter gives fresh delight and new insights and opens new worlds of meaning and experience. Its appeal is lasting. 6. Universality - Timeless and timely. Forever relevant and appeals to one and all, anytime, anywhere because it deals with elemental feelings, fundamental truths, and universal conditions. 7. Style - Peculiar way in which an artist sees his subject, forms his ideas, and expresses them. The Parish of the Holy Sacrifice (also called UP Church of the Holy Sacrifice) The more popular name UP CHAPEL has struck through the years from the 1940s as a tribute to its simple origin, the Sawali UP Chapel. The very first structure in the Philippines with a circular thin-shelled roof, compared fondly to a spaceship. The chapel was born of the integrated efforts and ideas of many people. The inspiration came from a Jesuit, Father John Patrick Delaney. Fr. John Patrick Delaney, S.J. An Irish who got assigned to the Philippines and fell in love with his work and the Filipinos. An inspiration to many Catholic UP students and was the guiding star of UP Student Catholic Action (UPSCA) an active student organization during his time. He loves to mingle with churchgoers inside and outside the Chapel and his visit to the residence of a family on campus will be providential to the structure of UP CPAR Reviewer 5  Chapel. Chronological Timeline Six Artists who Integrated their Respective Arts to Serve the UP Chapel Moved on to become the national artists of the Philippines 1. Leandro Locsin [National Artist for Architecture (1990)] An architect graduate from University of Santo Tomas. Designed the chapel’s circular with a saucer-shaped roof, no doors but with 14 entrances. He also designed the pews encircling the altar on a round dais located in the middle of the Church. This is the first round Chapel in the Philippines with a thin shell concrete dome. 2. Napoleon Abueva [National Artist for Sculpture (1976)] CPAR Reviewer 6  Studied Bachelor of Arts in Sculpture in UP Diliman. Designed and executed the giant wooden cross hanging from the center of the church’s roof right above the altar. The Sermon on the Mount is sculpted on one side of the altar; the other side was a priest standing with his parishioners and a nun teaching small children. He also designed the altar in marble. 3. Arturo Luz [National Artist for Visual Arts (1997)] Studied painting at the University of Santo Tomas. Designed a mural called "River of Life" on the floor, executed in a mosaic of black, white, and gray marble flowing from the altar in four directions. "River of Life" meant to say that everything comes from Christ and vice versa, believers may come from different directions but one's life must follow the directions towards Christ. CPAR Reviewer 7  4. Vicente Manansala [National Artist for Painting (1981)] Studied at the University of the Philippines School of Fine Arts. Painted the 15 mural-sized Stations of the Cross in oil, each station covering the entire interior area of each of the rectangular walls between the church entrances. 5. Ang Kiukok [National Artist for Visual Arts (2001)] Studied Art Studies courses at the University of Santo Tomas. Assisted Vicente Manansala, who was a mentor to him, in painting the 15 mural interpretations of the Stations of the Cross on the walls of the church. CPAR Reviewer 8  6. Jose Maceda [National Artist for Music (1997)] Composer of interdisciplinary works that have been performed throughout the world; he is also active as an ethnomusicologist. In 1968, his new composition "Pagsamba" premiered in this church, arranged with 100 mixed voices and 25 male voices along with 116 Philippine native instruments scattered among the audience. CPAR Reviewer 9  💡 On January 12, 2005, the Parish of the Holy Sacrifice was recognized as a national historical landmark by the National Historical Institute and as a cultural treasure by the National Museum. Lesson 3: Order of the National Artist What is a national artist? A national artist is a Filipino citizen who has been given the rank and the title of National Artist in recognition of his or her significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts and letters. The rank and title of National Artist is conferred by means of Presidential Proclamation. It recognizes excellence in the fields of music, dance, theater, visual arts, literature, film and broadcast arts, and architecture or allied arts. What is the Order of the National Artist? CPAR Reviewer 10  Those who have been proclaimed National Artists are given a Grand Collar symbolizing their status. Represents the highest national recognition given to Filipinos who have made distinct contributions in the field of arts and letters. Administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP). Conferred by the President of the Philippines. Should be conferred every three years. The Insignia Featuring circular links portraying the arts, and an eight-pointed conventionalized sunburst suspended from a sampaguita wreath in green and white enamel. The central badge is a medallion divided into three equal portions, red, white, and blue, recalling the Philippine flag, with three stylized letter Ks — the “KKK” stands for CCP’s motto: “Katotohanan, kabutihan, at kagandahan” (”the true, the good, and the beautiful”). CPAR Reviewer 11  Established by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 1001, s. 1972 “To give appropriate recognition and prestige to Filipinos who have distinguished themselves and made outstanding contributions to Philippine arts and letters.” Process of Nomination and Conferment 1. The Order of National Artists Secretariat (CCP / NCCA) announces opening for nominations. 2. NCCA and CCP receive nominations; screen and deliberate. The following may submit nominations for the Order of National Artists: government and non-government cultural organizations; educational institutions; private foundations and councils. The following may not submit nominations: Members of the Special Research Group, as well as agencies attached to the NCCA and CCP shall not submit nominations. NCCA and CCP board members and consultants and NCCA and CCP officers and staff are automatically disqualified from being nominated. 3. The NCCA and CCP submit a list of recommendees to the president. 4. The president issues a proclamation conferring the rank and title on the recommendees. 5. The Order of National Artists conferred during ceremonies organized by the secretariat. Criteria for The Order of the National Artist 1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the same time of nomination, as well as those who died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death; CPAR Reviewer 12  2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed to building a Filipino sense of nationhood; 3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning distinction and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists; 4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and / or consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching artistic expression or style; and 5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through: prestigious national and / or international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, CCP Thirteen Artists Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya; critical acclaim and / or reviews of their works; respect and esteem from peers. A member of the Order of National Artists are granted the following honors and privileges: 1. The rank and title of National Artist, as proclaimed by the President of the Philippines; 2. The insignia of a National Artist and a citation; 3. A lifetime emolument and material and physical benefits comparable in value to those received by the highest officers of the land such as: a. A cash award of one hundred thousand pesos (₱100,000.00) net of taxes, for living awardees; b. A cash award of seventy-five thousand pesos (₱75,000.00) net of taxes, for posthumous awardees, payable to legal heir/s; c. A monthly life pension, medical and hospitalization benefits; d. Life insurance coverage for awardees who are still insurable; e. A state funeral or burial at the Libingan ng mga Bayani; f. A place of honor, in line with protocolar precedence, at national state functions, and recognition at cultural events. CPAR Reviewer 13  Music Dance Theater and Visual Arts National Artist for Music and Literature (1997) Levi Celerio Was born in Tondo, Manila. Mother’s name Juliana Celerio — known for playing harp and member of church choir. He learned to play violin under Philippine Constabulary (PC) Music. He went to University of the Philippines for Violin Courses for 2 semester. He is an artist genius behind 4,000 songs and more. His songs are used for local movies. Recognized by the Guinness Book of World Record - music by using leaf. Works and Contribution: Philippine folk song “Ati Cu Pung Singsing” Popular Christmas song “Ang Pasko ay Sumapit” Folk dance song “Tinikling, Sayaw sa Ilaw, Pandangguhan” Portrait of Philippine women “Cariñosa” Philippine Regions / Language Song “Waray-waray, Ay-ay Kalisud” Philippine culture song “Pitong Gatang, Kalesa” Nature song “Ang Pipit, Ibong Kanta-kanta” Love song “Kahit Konting Pagtingin” National Artist for Dance (1976) known for a Trailblazer Leonor Orosa Goquingco Was born in Jolo, Sulu CPAR Reviewer 14  She was a dancer, choreographer, poet, playwright, visual artist, scenic, costume designer, pianist, composer, cultural historian, performing art critics and teacher. Mother of Philippine theater dance. Dean of Filipino Performing Arts Critics. “War Dance,” at age 16 she performed an intermission number of piano recital. Founder of Filipinescas dance group. Works and Contribution: Only dancer of First Cultural Mission to Japan. The Elements - recorded by itself, 1st ballet to be choreographed by a Filipino to commission music. She choreographed the first Philippine folkloric ballet, trend: Return to the native. She choreographed Noli Dance suit. Innovative version of Tinikling dance. Vinta Morolandia - Festival at Maguindanao. Eons Ago - The Creation depicts Philippine legends of the creation of the world, first man and woman. Miner song - folk dances. Tribal - showing death of the warrior. National Artist for Theater and Music (1987) “Queen of Kundiman” Honorata “Atang” Dela Rama Was born on Pandacan, Manila. Perform at Spanish Zarzuela at age 7. She played the lead role Angelita in “Dalagang Bukid” at age 14. Film version of Zarzuela - first Filipino movie actress. CPAR Reviewer 15  She also starred in movie "The Life and Love of Dr. Jose Rizal." Her Favorite play was “Pangarap ni Rosa.” Works and Contribution: Samahang Dela Rama Anak ni Eba Aking Ina Puri at Buhay Other Performances (1920's) Ang Kiri by Servando de los Angeles Sa Bunganga ng Pating by Juliana Balmaceda Paglipas ng Dilim by Precioso Palma Anak ng Dagat by Patricio Mariano Ang Mestiza by Engracio Valmonte Sundalong Mantika by Florentino Ballecer National Artist for Sculpture (1973) “Philippine Master of Classical Sculpture” Guillermo E. Tolentino Born in Town of Malolos, Bulacan. A boy who molded horses and dogs from clay gathered from the bank of fish-ponds. He graduated at School of Fine Arts, UP. He spent years in Laguna making monuments of Rizal. a mausoleum. While working as a waiter, he created small statue symbolizing peace. Bernardu Baruch granted Tolentino scholarships at Ecole de Beaux Arts. Open his studio in Manila CPAR Reviewer 16  29 years career teaching sculpture and honing the skills of generation of aspiring young artist as professor and later director of UP School of fine arts. Works and Contribution: Two works that he is most remembered: (1933) Bonifacio Monument and the Oblation. National Artist for Painting (1973) “Poet of Angono” Carlos “Botong” Francisco Born in Angono, Rizal Angono - fishing community in Rizal had been the material or inspiration for many of his paintings and murals which immortalize rural scenes and town folks. His friend and townmates called him "Botong." He worked as an illustrator for Tribune and La Vanguardia and painted sets for Manila Grand Opera House and the Clover Theater. He returned to academy at School of Architecture and Fine arts of the University of Santo Tomas. He also applied his creative skills in filmmaking (Script and Design costume). Became a member of "Thirteen Moderns." One of the called Triumvirate of Modernism (Victoria Edades and Galo Ocampo). Works and Contribution: Fiesta in Malacanang Palace Magpupukot Bayanihan sa Bukid Station of the Cross The Life and Miracles CPAR Reviewer 17  💡 He is known as homegrown FIlipino talent Lesson 4: Republic Act 7355 GAMABA Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (National Living Treasures Award) GAMABA Is conferred on Filipinos who are at the forefront of the practice, preservation, and promotion of the nation’s traditional folk arts. 💡 3P - Practice, Preservation, Promotion Objective The main objective of the award is to honor and support traditional folk artist and to see to it that their skills and crafts are preserved. The award is tied with a program that ensures the transfer of their skills to new generations and the promotion of the craft both locally and internationally. 💡 Was institutionalized through Republic Act No. 7355 Tasked with the administration and implementation of the Award is the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), the highest policy-making and coordinating body for culture and the arts of the State. NCCA (Ad Hoc Panel of Experts) conducts the search for the finest traditional artists of the land. How does one become a Manlilikha ng Bayan? CPAR Reviewer 18  Criteria To become a “Manlilikha ng Bayan,” the candidate must possess the following qualifications: 1. He / she is an inhabitant of an indigenous / traditional cultural community anywhere in the Philippines that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs, rituals and traditions and / or has syncretized whatever external elements that have influenced it. 2. He / she must have engaged in a folk art tradition that has been in existence and documented for at least fifty (50) years. 3. He / she must have consistently performed or produced over a significant period, works of superior and distinctive quality. 4. He / she must possess a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and must have an established reputation in the art as master and maker of works of extraordinary technical quality. 5. He / she must have passed on and/or will pass on to other members of the community their skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known. 💡 A traditional artist who possesses all the qualities of a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate, but due to age or infirmity has left him / her incapable of teaching further his / her craft, may still be recognized if: He / she had created a significant body of works and / or has consistently displayed excellence in the practice of his / her art, thus achieving important contributions for its development. He / she has been instrumental in the inspiration of his / her community’s artistic tradition. He / she has been recognized as a master of his / her craft and admired for his / her character and integrity in his or her community. CPAR Reviewer 19  Categories The award shall be given in each, but not limited to the following categories of traditional folk arts: Folk Architecture Maritime Transport Weaving Carving Performing Arts Literature Graphic and Plastic Arts Ornament Textile or Fiber Art Pottery What are the incentives received by the awardee? A Manlilikha ng Bayan awardee receives: 1. A specially designed gold medallion. 2. A minimum cash award of Two Hundred Thousand Pesos (₱200,000.00), 3. A minimum lifetime personal monthly stipend of Fifty Thousand Pesos (₱50,000.00). 4. A maximum cumulative amount of ₱750,000 medical and hospitalization benefits annually similar to that received by the National Artists and funeral assistance/tribute fit for a National Living Treasure Source: Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Guidelines - National Commission for Culture and the Arts (ncca.gov.ph) CPAR Reviewer 20  Process 1. Panel - It is composed of representatives from each committees of sub-commission on cultural communities and traditional arts. Office of Muslim Affairs National Commission on Indigenous People 2. Nominations - Nominations can come from the members of the hoc panel of experts, the sub-commissions on cultural communities and traditional arts, government and etc.. 3. Screening - The ad hoc search committee is deployed to various priority areas in the country to conduct searches and document the candidates’ art / craft. The ad hoc panel of reviewers will review the qualifications. Submit their recommendations to the NCCA Board of Commissioners. The President of the Philippines confers the awardees in a public ceremony in Malacañang Palace. CPAR Reviewer 21  Music Theater and Visual Arts Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (2012) “Master Hat Weaver” Teofilo Garcia Born San Quintin, Abra. He learned weaving at 15 years old. He weaves tabungaw when he harvests upo, a subcrop. He is only living veteran weaver. Tabungaw - is an Native headgear made from gourd or upo. Tabungaw Process: Process take 7 days, consist of hollowing out the gourd, drying, polishing to improve resistance to sunlight and rain. The interior of Tabungaw with finely woven matting of rattan as finishing touch, decorate exteriors edges of the brim with a wooden bamboo. Can produce 100 Tabungaw. Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (2000) “Master Musician and Dancer” Alonzo Saclag His outstanding contribution to the preservation and development of Kalinga culture. Has no formal training in dance and music. Kalinga Budong Dance Troupe. He exhorst the Kalinga people to preserve their artifacts and archeologist sites. His dream was to build an authentic traditional Kalinga house. CPAR Reviewer 22  Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (2000) “Master Musician from Lamitan, Basilan” Uwang Ahadas He suffered blindness. He started first in playing gabbang, agung then kwintangan, a womens instrument. By age of 20 he was known as master player of most important Yakan Instrument. Played Yakan Instrument: kulintang, kwintangan kayu, gabbang, agung and tuntungan. Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (1993) “Master Chanter and Musician” Masino Intaray Lives in Brooke's point near Makagwa Valley, Palawan Intaray Chant Tultul (Epic) Sudsungit (Narratives) Tuturan (myths and ancestral teaching) He is master player of Traditional Musical Instrument of Palaw'an people basal (gong) aruding (mouth harp) babarak (ring flute) kudyapi (2-stringed lute) pagang (bamboo zither) bagit Lang Dulay CPAR Reviewer 23  Textile Weaver T’boli, Lake Sebu, South Cotabato 💡 T’nalak - a kind of fabric made up of fine abaca fibers weaved with different designs which reflects the traditions of the T’boli. CPAR Reviewer 24