Social Media, Culture & Globalisation (PDF)

A WORLD OF IDEAS  Social media A interactive technologies that facilitate the creation, sharing and aggregation of content amongst virtual communities and networks.  Culture A way of life of a group of people, the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that t...

A WORLD OF IDEAS  Social media A interactive technologies that facilitate the creation, sharing and aggregation of content amongst virtual communities and networks.  Culture A way of life of a group of people, the behaviors, beliefs, values, and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next.  GLOBAL MEDIA CULTURES refer to the ways in which media content, such as news, entertainment, and social media, is produced, distributed, and consumed globally. Medium Content Entertainment News Educational Social  News Provides information about current events, politics, the economy, and other societal issues. ☆Newspapers ☆Online News websites ☆Podcasts ☆Radio news ☆Televisio ☆News broadcasts  Entertainment 3 Encompasses films, television shows, music, e video games, and online streaming services designed to entertain audiences. ☆ Films / Movies ☆Music ☆Podcasts ☆TV series ☆Video games  Social 4 Platforms that allow users to create, share, and interact with content and each other. ☆ Facebook ☆Instagram ☆LinkedIn ☆Threads ☆TikTok ☆X (formerly Twitter)  Education 5 Content designed to educate and inform is often used in academic and professional settings. ☆ E-books ☆Educational videos ☆Online courses ☆Podcasts Globalization and the Different Media Types Globalization plays a role in developing each type of media.  News Globalization has facilitated real- time reporting and the dissemination of news across borders. Major news organizations, like BBC, CNN, and Al Jazeera, have a global reach, influencing public opinion worldwide.  News The spread of news media has highlighted global issues such as climate change and human rights, fostering global awareness and activism.  Entertainment Cultural exchange through entertainment media has introduced audiences to diverse narratives and genres. For instance, Bollywood films and Korean dramas have gained international popularity. Globalization has led to the creation of global franchises like Marvel and Star Wars, appealing to audiences worldwide.  Entertainment Streaming services have made it easier to access entertainment from different cultures, promoting a global entertainment market. Social Platforms like Twitter and Facebook have been used for social movements and political campaigns, such as the Arab Spring and #MeToo. Social media has revolutionized communication, making it possible for people to connect instantly across the globe.  Social Social media influencers and viral content can shape cultural trends and consumer behavior on a global scale.  Education Cross-cultural exchange in educational media enriches learning experiences and promotes a global perspective. Educational media has made knowledge more accessible, enabling lifelong learning and professional development worldwide. Education Online platforms like Coursera, edX, and Khan Academy offer courses from prestigious institutions to a global audience.  IMPACT ON SOCIETY Cultural Exchange and Economic Global Awareness Hybridization Impact Media facilitates the Media plays a crucial Global media exchange of cultural role in raising awareness industries generate practices and ideas, leading about global issues such significant to the blending or as climate change, economic activity, hybridization of cultures. For human rights, and influencing job instance, the global health pandemics. This creation and popularity of K-pop has awareness can lead to economic growth influenced music and fashion collective action and in various regions. trends worldwide. policy changes. Global Media Cultures, Education, and Employment  IMPACT ON STUDIES IMPACT ON JOB APPLICATIONS Critical Thinking. Understanding Media Literacy. Employers value media global media cultures encourages literacy as it indicates an ability to students to analyze media content navigate and utilize information and its influence on society critically. effectively. This skill is especially important For example, students can assess the in roles related to communication, reliability and bias of news sources. marketing, and public relations. Awareness and Sensitivity. Knowledge Research Skills. Students learn to of racial inequality and social injustice evaluate sources of information fosters a more inclusive and sensitive and distinguish between credible approach in the workplace. This and biased content, which is awareness is crucial for creating diverse essential for academic research. and equitable work environments.  Racial Inequality and Social Injustice  Media Representation Activism and Awareness The portrayal of different races and Social media platforms are crucial for social groups in the media can raising awareness about racial reinforce or challenge stereotypes inequality and social injustice. and biases. For example, the Campaigns and movements, such as underrepresentation or Black Lives Matter, have highlighted misrepresentation of minority groups systemic racism and mobilized global can perpetuate negative support for racial justice. stereotypes. Black Lives Matter #MeToo Movement The movement has used social This movement has brought attention media to highlight police brutality to sexual harassment and assault, and systemic racism, leading to showing the power of media in global protests and calls for justice. addressing social injustices The Globalization of Religions The globalization of religion refers to the spread and interaction of religious beliefs, practices, and institutions across different cultures and societies worldwide.  The globalization of religion has far-reaching consequences, which Impacts can also affect one’s studies and job applications. Cultural Diversity - The globalization of religion contributes to cultural diversity and the coexistence of multiple belief systems within societies. This diversity can enrich cultural practices and foster mutual respect. Impact Interfaith Dialogue - Promotes dialogue and understanding between on different religious groups, fostering peace and cooperation. Interfaith Society initiatives can address common challenges such as poverty and environmental sustainability. Religious Syncretism - The blending of different religious traditions can lead to new forms of spiritual expression and practice, such as the incorporation of indigenous beliefs into mainstream religious practices.  IMPACT ON STUDIES IMPACT ON JOB APPLICATIONS Cultural Competence: Students gain Cultural Sensitivity: Employers value insights into various religious traditions candidates who demonstrate cultural and practices, enhancing their cultural sensitivity and an understanding of diverse competence and global awareness. religious practices. This sensitivity is crucial in This knowledge is important for subjects multicultural work environments and can such as anthropology, sociology, and improve workplace harmony and client international relations. relations. Global Perspective: Knowledge of the Analytical Skills: Analyzing the impact globalization of religion indicates a broader of globalization on religion helps global perspective, which is beneficial for develop analytical and critical thinking roles in international relations, social work, skills. Students can explore how and cultural studies. Understanding global religions adapt to and influence global religious dynamics can enhance cross- changes. cultural communication and collaboration.  GLOBAL POPULATION AND MOBILITY GLOBAL POPULATION AND MOBILITY The growth and transformation of cities, the shifting demographics, and the patterns of human migration are all essential aspects that shape our global landscape.  The Global City A global city, also known as a world city, is a significant urban center that holds considerable influence over global economic, cultural, and political affairs. These cities act as hubs for international finance, trade, and communication. CHARACTERISTIC DEFINITION Presence of major financial institutions, multinational Economic Power corporations, and stock exchanges. Diverse population, cultural institutions (museums, Cultural Influence theaters), and media presence. Advanced transportation systems, communication Infrastructure networks, and modern amenities. Centers for technological advancements, higher Innovation education institutions, and research facilities.  Economic and Cultural Significance Global cities drive economic growth, innovation, and cultural exchange. They are pivotal in shaping global trends and policies. These cities attract talent and investment from around the world, fostering a dynamic and competitive environment. CHALLENGE DESCRIPTION Overcrowding and pressure on Infrastructure transportation, housing, and public Strain services. Disparities in wealth and access to Social resources. Redlining is the most commonly Inequality cited reason for the disparity. Environmental Urbanization leads to pollution and Impact resource depletion. Climate Change in Global Cities  FACTOR DESCRIPTION Global cities are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions from various sectors such as Greenhouse transportation (especially cars and airplanes), Gases energy production, industries, and residential buildings.  FACTOR DESCRIPTION Urban areas, especially global cities with extensive infrastructure and dense buildings, tend to have higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas. This Urban heat phenomenon, known as the urban heat island effect, island effect results from the absorption and retention of heat by concrete, asphalt, and buildings, exacerbated by reduced vegetation cover.  FACTOR DESCRIPTION Global cities often drive high levels of consumption and waste generation, which contribute to Consumption environmental degradation and resource depletion. and Waste The production and disposal of goods and materials lead to emissions from manufacturing processes, as well as landfill methane emissions.  FACTOR DESCRIPTION Global cities are hubs of transportation networks, including roadways, ports, and airports. These Transportation transport systems contribute to emissions through vehicle exhaust, maritime shipping emissions, and aviation fuel combustion. FACTOR DESCRIPTION Many global cities are coastal or located near Sea Level bodies of water, making them vulnerable to sea Rise level rise. This can lead to increased flooding, coastal erosion, and damage to infrastructure. FACTOR DESCRIPTION Climate change is intensifying extreme weather Extreme events such as hurricanes, storms, heat waves, and Weather heavy precipitation. Global cities face increased risks Effects of infrastructure damage, disruptions to services, and threats to public health during such events. FACTOR DESCRIPTION Climate change can alter precipitation patterns, leading to increased droughts or floods in different Water regions. Global cities may face challenges in Stress managing water resources for drinking, sanitation, and agriculture. FACTOR DESCRIPTION Climate change can exacerbate air pollution levels in Health cities, leading to respiratory diseases and other Issues health issues. Heatwaves can also pose direct health risks, especially for vulnerable populations.  FACTOR DESCRIPTION Climate-related impacts can disrupt Economic economic activities in global cities, Disruptions affecting businesses, tourism, transportation, and supply chains.  Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies FACTOR DESCRIPTION Green Infrastructure Development of parks, green roofs, and sustainable buildings. Resilience Planning Implementing disaster preparedness and response strategies. Initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through Carbon Reduction public transportation and renewable energy projects.  Global Demography Global demography is the statistical study of human populations, including their size, distribution, and trends. It provides insights into the changing patterns of population growth, aging, and migration. 115.84 million  Population Growth Trends FACTOR DESCRIPTION Global As of recent years, the global population growth rate has been estimated to be Growth around 1.1% per year. This rate has been gradually declining due to decreasing Rate fertility rates in many countries, especially in developed regions. Population growth rates vary significantly by region. Sub-Saharan Africa, for Regional instance, has the highest population growth rate among all regions. In Variation contrast, areas like Europe and East Asia have much lower growth rates and even negative natural population increases in some cases. Many countries have experienced declining fertility rates due to factors such as Fertility improved healthcare, education, access to contraception, urbanization, and Rates changing social norms. This decline contributes to slower population growth  Youthful Aging Populations Populations Predominantly in developing Predominantly in developed countries, leading to a high countries, resulting in dependency ratio and challenges related to demand for education and healthcare, pensions, and employment. labor shortages. Economic and Social Implications Demographic changes impact Labor labor supply and economic Markets productivity. Aging populations increase the Healthcare demand for healthcare services. Young populations require Education substantial investment in education and training.  Factors Influencing the Trends FACTOR DESCRIPTION Changes in fertility rates, especially in countries where fertility Fertility Rates remains high. Improvements in healthcare and life expectancy can affect population Mortality Rates growth. International migration patterns can significantly impact population Migration trends in various regions. Government policies related to family planning, immigration, and Policy economic development can also influence population growth Interventions trajectories.  Global Migration Global migration refers to the movement of people across borders for various reasons, including economic opportunities, conflict, and environmental factors. Migration can be voluntary (e.g., vacations and reunions) or forced (e.g., seeking employment, seeking asylum, or due to trafficking).  Type DESCRIPTION People move to other countries in search of better job opportunities, Labor higher wages, or improved working conditions. Family Improvements in healthcare and life expectancy can affect population Reunification growth. People flee their countries due to persecution, conflict, violence, or natural Asylum disasters and seek refuge in other countries. Government policies related to family planning, immigration, and Environmental economic development can also influence population growth trajectories. Some migrants enter countries without legal permission or overstaying Unauthorized visas, often due to a lack of legal pathways for migration or economic (or Illegal) desperation. This can also be applied to victims of trafficking.  Factors and Impacts of Global Migration FACTOR DESCRIPTION Economic Disparities in income, job opportunities, and living standards between Disparities countries drive labor migration. Political instability, conflict, persecution, human rights violations, and lack Politics of political freedoms can force people to seek safety in other countries. Environmental Climate change and environmental degradation can lead to displacement and Changes migration as people seek more habitable and secure environments. Society and Demographic changes, such as aging populations in developed countries, Demography can drive demand for migrant labor in sectors like healthcare and eldercare. Migration leaves an impact on the countries people migrate into. impact DESCRIPTION Migrants often contribute to the economies of both their host Economy countries (through labor and taxes) and their home countries (through remittances). Cultural Migration enriches societies culturally by introducing new Diversity languages, traditions, cuisines, and perspectives.  impact DESCRIPTION Migrants can fill labor shortages in certain sectors of the Labor Market economy, but they may also face exploitation and Dynamics discrimination. Successful integration of migrants into host societies depends Social Integration on policies that promote inclusion and access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. Political and Policy Migration can pose challenges related to border control, Challenges security, social cohesion, and public perception.  Trends and Patterns Currently, there are significant migration flows from developing to developed countries and within similar regions. Examples include migration from Latin America to the United States and from the Middle East and Africa to Europe. In our country, there are major migrations between the United States, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. These Filipinos are called Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) because labor is their driving motivation to migrate.  There are inherent pros and cons between sending countries and receiving countries. PROS CONS Sending Remittances sent by migrants Loss of skilled labor (i.e., Country can boost local economies. brain drain). Migrants contribute to Potential challenges in Receiving economic growth, fill labor integration, social cohesion, Country shortages, and enrich cultural and pressure on public diversity. services. Global Governance and Cooperation Addressing the challenges and opportunities of global migration requires international cooperation, adherence to human rights principles, and the development of fair and effective migration policies at national and international levels.  Migration International Policies Cooperation Policies vary widely, with Efforts such as the Global some countries adopting Compact for Migration aim open policies to attract to manage migration safely, talent while others impose orderly, and regularly. strict immigration controls.