Connective Tissue PDF

Connective tissue Tutor: P Lazarou Module: Biomedical Science GDC Learning Outcomes Aim: The aim of this subject is to apply to the practice of dental therapy and dental hygiene principles that derive from the biomedical, behavioural and materials sciences. Develop knowledge of the structu...

Connective tissue Tutor: P Lazarou Module: Biomedical Science GDC Learning Outcomes Aim: The aim of this subject is to apply to the practice of dental therapy and dental hygiene principles that derive from the biomedical, behavioural and materials sciences. Develop knowledge of the structures and essential functions of the connective tissues. GDC: 1.1 Intended learning outcomes Students will be able to:​ State the function and characteristics of connective tissue Name and describe the non-cellular substrate of connective tissue List and describe the cells of connective tissue​ List and describe the fibres of connective tissue​​ Outline and classify the types of connective tissue​ 5 What is connective tissue? A group of tissues that maintain the form of the body and its organs and provide cohesion and internal support. Several types of tissues that vary in their: ​ Density ​ Cellularity​ Being specialised Image ref: gordonstate.edu 6 Overview of Connective Tissue Water Cells Fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells, plasma cells, eosinophils In a matrix made up of glycoproteins, fibrous proteins and glycosaminoglycans Extracellular matrix Fibres 7 Overview continued… Gif ref: My First Animation. The extracellular matrix is the main feature in tissues with a mechanical function (ligaments, tendon & bone) Cells are the main feature in tissues specialised for protection (haemopoietic tissue, blood - white blood cells) or metabolic maintenance (adipocytes, blood - red blood cells). Image ref: leeds.ac.uk Cells 9 Connective Tissue Cells Fixed cells: Fibroblasts Adipocytes Macrophages Mast cells Transient Cells: Plasma cells Eosinophils Cells of the connective tissues Over to you- complete the table in the workbook Non-cellular substrate 1 2 Extracellular matrix Also known as ground substance Amorphous gelatinous material Transparent, colourless Fills the spaces between cells and fibres, also enable transportation of metabolites Consists of large protein molecule: glycosoaminoglycans (GAGs) – link together making larger molecules: proteoglycans which absorb water Good at resisting compressive forces 1 3 Image ref: Wikipedia.org Fibres 1 5 Fibres of the Connective Tissue Secreted by fibroblasts Form a supporting network to which cells attach Three types: Elastic Collagen Reticular 1 6 Connective tissue fibres Elastic Collagen Reticular Look out for each of these types of fibres- different combinations make up different types of connective tissue! Images ref: histology.leeds.ac.uk Classification of Connective Tissue 1 8 Types of connective tissue Connective Tissue Proper Specialised Connective Tissue Loose Connective Dense Connective Supporting Fluid connective Tissue Tissue connective tissue Areolar Regular Cartilage Bone Blood Lymph Adipose Irregular Hyaline Compact Reticular Elastic Fibrocartilage Spongy Elastic 1 9 Classification Connective Tissue Proper: Loose connective tissue Dense connective tissue Images ref: histology.leeds.ac.uk 2 0 Connective Tissue Proper Numerous cells Appearance of loose fibres- some thin (elastin fibres) some thicker (collagen fibres) Slightly viscous fluid 2 1 Loose connective tissue Found in most areas of the human body Connects and supports other tissues by acting as a framework. 2 2 Loose Connective tissue Areolar Adipose Reticular *Covers muscle fibres *In a matrix of areolar tissue- 2 * Fine branching reticular types: fibres in a semi solid *Under epidermis 1.White adipose tissue: matrix. *20-25% body weight *Contains reticular cells, *in/around mucous *Supports; thermally insulates; monocytes & lymphocytes membranes energy store * Found in lymph nodes & 2 3 Loose connective tissue: areolar Skin Dental pulp Image ref: ucdmc.ucdavis.edu Image ref: diseasesfix.com 2 4 Oral mucosa Image ref: pocketdentistry.com 2 5 Elastic Dense Connective Tissue Dense irregular Dense regular 2 6 Types of connective tissue Connective Tissue Proper Specialised Connective Tissue Loose Connective Dense Connective Supporting Fluid connective Tissue Tissue connective tissue Areolar Regular Cartilage Bone Blood Lymph Adipose Irregular Hyaline Compact Reticular Elastic Fibrocartilage Spongy Elastic 2 7 Cartilage Firmer than other connective tissues Cells: chondrocytes (not many) within the matrix of collagen and elastic fibres 3 types: Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic Image ref: Researchgate.net 2 8 Temporomandibular joint Image ref: bizjournals.com  Image ref: youtube.com Image ref: medcell.medyale.edu Bone 2 types: Compact Spongy Image ref: quizlet.com Image ref: Eugraph.com 3 0 Blood Consists of highly specialized watery fluid: plasma Constantly circulating around the body Various blood cells within: erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets Image ref: slideshare.net Assessment Formative Summative Student task: Biomedical sciences Eassessment Please complete the various tasks in the Connective Tissue Workbook. You may refer to the further reading and reference lists as well as carrying out your own research 3 2 References/further resources Histology.Leeds.ac.uk, Classification of Connective Tissue (online) Available at: http://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/tissue_types/connective/connective_tissue_types.php [accessed February 2021] YouTube video, Types of Connective Tissue, What is Connective Tissue_ Functions of Connective Tissue (online) Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4HNbspnFyIE [accessed 10/03/21] Med.LibreTexts.org (2020), Types of Connective Tissue (online) Available at: https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Book %3A_Anatomy_and_Physiology_(Boundless)/4%3A_Organization_at_the_Tissue_Level/ 4.3%3A_Connective_Tissue/4.3B%3A__Types_of_Connective_Tissue [accessed 15/03/21] Waugh,A Grant, A.(2018), Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology. Thirteenth Edition. London: Elsevier, Pages 49-53.