Common Respiratory Disorders in Paediatrics PDF
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This document provides a tutorial on common respiratory disorders in paediatrics, covering topics such as foreign body aspiration, asthma, and sudden infant death syndrome. It includes information about causes, symptoms, and management strategies for each disorder.
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Official (Open) Common Respiratory Disorders in Paediatrics This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND (Tutorial) HS5614 – Management of Pae...
Official (Open) Common Respiratory Disorders in Paediatrics This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND (Tutorial) HS5614 – Management of Paediatric Emergencies Official (Open) Foreign Body Aspiration At risk: infants > 6mo, toddlers, preschoolers during ?? School age and teens ?? Official (Open) Foreign Body Aspiration At risk: infants > 6mo, toddlers, preschoolers during exploration and experimentation School age and teens daily activity while eating, too much in the mouth or eating too fast Official (Open) FBA: clinical manifestations coughing, choking, gagging, dyphonia and wheezing; decreased breath sounds on one side, stridor and possible respiratory distress FB in bronchus is better tolerated; in trachea is life threatening can migrate to R main stem bronchus to R lung d/t anatomical slope Official (Open) FBA: clinical management in air way obstruction: chest thrusts and back blows in the infant Abdominal thrusts in the child over 8 yrs if partially obstructed: x-ray of chest (A/P & lateral) and lateral film of the neck Bronchoscopy under sedation may be necessary to remove object or sometimes, surgery Best therapy is prevention! Official (Open) Asthma chronic inflammatory effects the large and small triggers: exercise, infection, disorder with acute airways with increased allergies and environmental exacerbations or persistent mucous production, swelling irritants (second-hand smoke symptoms and bronchospasm abrupt change in weather) Official (Open) Official (Open) Pathophysiology Multiple allergic pathways Airway swelling and spasm may be stimulated: IgE, results in airway narrowing, Leukotrienes, Complement particularly significant in (defense mechanism) children with smaller airways Bronchospasm/coughing can Air trapping occurs distal to feed into the cycle of anxiety mucus plugs which further increases the bronchospasm Official (Open) Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: SIDS Sudden death of an infant
