The National Building Code of the Philippines PDF

The National Building Code of the Philippines P.D. 1096 Section 103. Scope and Application (a) The provisions of this Code shall apply to the design, location, sitting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of, and addition to...

The National Building Code of the Philippines P.D. 1096 Section 103. Scope and Application (a) The provisions of this Code shall apply to the design, location, sitting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of, and addition to public and private buildings and structures, except traditional indigenous family dwellings as defined herein. (b) Building and/or structures constructed before the approval of this Code shall not be affected thereby except when alterations, additions, conversions or repairs are to be made therein in which case, this Code shall apply only to portions to be altered, added, converted or repaired. Section 104. General Building Requirements. (a) All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto shall conform in all respects to the principles of the safe construction and must be suited to the purpose for which they are designed. (b) Buildings or structures intended to be used for the manufacture and/or production of any kind of article or product shall observe adequate environmental safeguards. (c) Buildings or structures and all parts thereof as well as all facilities found therein shall be maintained in safe, sanitary and good working condition.  Section 105. Site Requirements. The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or structure, or any ancillary or auxiliary facility thereto, shall be sanitary, hygienic or safe. In the case of sites or buildings intended for use as human habitation or abode, the same shall be at a safe distance, as determined by competent authorities, from streams or bodies of water and/or sources of considered to be polluted; from a volcano or volcanic site and/or any other building considered to be a potential source of fire or explosion.  CHAPTER III PERMITS AND INSPECTION Section 301. Building Permits. No person, firm or corporation, including any agency or instrumentality of the government shall erect, construct, alter, repair, move, convert or demolish any building or structure or cause the same to be done without first obtaining a building permit therefore from the Building Official assigned in the place where the subject building is located or the building work is to be done. Section 302. Application for permits. In order to obtain a building permit, the applicant shall file an application therefore in writing and on the prescribed form from the office of the Building Official. Every application shall provide at least the following information: (1) A description of the work to be covered by the permit applied for; (2) Certified true copy of the TCT covering the lot on which the proposed work is to be done. If the applicant is not the registered owner, in addition to the TCT, a copy of the contract of lease shall be submitted; (3) The use or occupancy for which the proposal work is intended; (4) Estimated cost of the proposed work. Section 305. Validity of Building Permits. The issuance of a building permit shall not be construed as an approval or authorization to the permittee to disregard or violate any of the provisions of this Code. Whenever the issuance of a permit is based on approved plans and specifications which are subsequently found defective, the Building Official is not precluded from requiring permittee to effect the necessary corrections in said plans and specifications or from preventing or ordering the stoppage of any or all building operations being carried on there under which are in violation of this Code. A building permit issued under the provisions of this Code shall expire and become null and void if the building or work authorized therein is not commenced within a period of one year from the date of such permit, or if the building or work so authorized is suspended or abandoned at any time after it has been commenced, for a period of 120 days. Section 306. Non-Issuance, Suspension or Revocation of Building Permits. The Building Official may order or cause the non- issuance, suspension or revocation of building permits on any or all of the following reasons or grounds: (a) Errors found in the plans and specifications; (b) In correct or inaccurate data or information supplied; (c) Non-compliance with the provisions of this Code or of any rule or regulation. Section 307. Appeal. Within fifteen (15) days from the date of receipt of advice of the non-issuance, suspension or revocation of permits, the applicant/permittee may file an appeal with the Secretary who shall render his decision within fifteen days from date of receipt of notice of appeal. The decision of the Secretary shall be final subject only to review by the Office of the President. Section 308. Inspection and Supervision of Work. The owner of the Building who is issued or granted a building permit under this Code shall engage the services of a duly licensed architect or civil engineer to undertake the full time inspection and supervision of the construction work… Upon completion of the construction, the said licensed architect or civil engineer shall submit the logbook, duly signed and sealed, to the Building Official. He shall also prepare and submit a Certificate of Completion of the project stating that the construction of building conforms to the provisions of this Code as well as with the approved plans and specifications. Section 309. Certificate of Occupancy. No building or structure shall be used or occupied and no change in the existing use or occupancy classification of a building or structure or portion thereof shall be made until the Building Official has issued a Certificate of Occupancy therefore as provided in this Code. A certificate of Occupancy shall be issued by the Building Official within thirty (30) days if after final inspection and submittal of a Certificate of Completion referred to in the preceding section, it is found that the building or structure complies with the provisions of this Code.  CHAPTER IV TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION Section 401. Types of Construction. For purposes of this Code, all buildings proposed for construction shall be classified or identified according to the following types: (1) Type I. Type I buildings shall be a wood construction. The structural elements may be any of the materials permitted by this Code. (2) Type II. Type II buildings shall be of wood construction with protective fire-resistant materials and one-hour fire resistive throughout: Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions may use fire- retardant treated wood within the framing assembly. (3) Type III. Type III buildings shall be of masonry and wood construction. Structural elements may be any of the materials permitted by this Code: Provided, that the building shall be one-hour fire- resistive throughout. Exterior walls shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction. (4) Type IV. Type IV buildings shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceiling, and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire resistive construction: Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour fire-resistive construction may use fire- retardant treated wood within the framing assembly. (5) Type V. Type V buildings shall be fire-resistive. The structural elements shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings, and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction.  CHAPTER V REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ZONES Section 501. Fire Zones Defined. Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of buildings are permitted to be constructed based on their use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to fire. Section 506. Restrictions on Existing Buildings. Existing buildings or structures in fire zones that do not comply with the requirements for a new building erected therein shall not hereafter be enlarged, altered, remodeled, repaired or moved except as follows: (a) Such building is entirely demolished; (b) Such building is to be moved outside the limits of the more highly restrictive Fire Zone to a zone where the building meets the minimum standards; (c) Changes, alterations and repairs may be made provided that in any 12-month period, the value of the work does not exceed twenty percent of the value of the existing building, and provided that, such changes do not add additional combustible material, and do not, in the opinion of the Building Official, increase the fire hazard; (d) Additions thereto are separated from the existing building by fire walls, as set forth in Sub-section 604 (b); (e) Damage from fire or earthquake, typhoons or any fortuitous event may be repaired, using the same kind of materials of which the building or structure was originally constructed, provided that, the cost of such repair shall not exceed twenty percent of the replacement cost of the building or structure.  CHAPTER VI FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION Section 601. Fire-Resistive Rating Defined. Fire-resistive rating means the degree to which a material can withstand fire as determined by generally recognized and accepted testing methods. Section 602. Fire-Resistive Time Period Rating. Fire-resistive time period rating is the length of time a material can withstand being burned which may be one- hour, two-hours, three-hours, four-hours, etc. Section 603. Fire-Resistive Standards. All materials of construction, and assemblies or combinations thereof shall be classified according to their fire-retardant or flame-spread ratings as determined by general accepted testing methods and/or by the Secretary.  CHAPTER VII CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE OF OCCUPANCY Section 701. Occupancy Classified. (a) Buildings proposed for construction shall be identified according to their use or the character of its occupancy and shall be classified as follows: (1) Group A. Residential Dwellings Group A Occupancies shall be dwellings. (2) Group B. Residentials, Hotels and Apartments Group B Occupancies shall be multiple dwelling units including boarding or lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings, row houses, convents, monasteries, and other similar building each of which accommodates more than ten persons. (3) Group C. Education and Recreation Group C Occupancies shall be buildings used for school or day-care purposes, involving assemblage for instruction, education, or recreation, and not classified in Group I or in Division 1 and 2 or Group H Occupancies. (4) Group D. Institutional Group D Occupancies shall include: Division 1. Mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, jails, prisons, reformatories, and buildings where personal liberties of inmates are similarly restrained.sa d Division 2. Nurseries for full-time care of children under kindergarten age, hospitals, sanitaria, nursing homes with nonambulatory patients, and similar buildings each accommodating more than five persons. Division 3. Nursing homes for ambulatory patients, homes for children of kindergarten age or over, each accommodating more than five persons: Provided, that Group D Occupancies shall not include buildings used only for private or family group dwelling purposes. (5) Group E. Business and Mercantile Group E Occupancies shall include: Division 1. Gasoline filling and service stations, storage garages and boot storage structures where no work is done except exchange of parts and maintenance requiring no open flame, welding, or the use of highly flammable liquids. Division 2. Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining establishments having an occupant load of less than one hundred persons, printing plants, police and fire stations, factories and workshops using not highly flammable or combustible materials and paint stores without bulk handlings. Division 3. Aircraft hangers and open parking garage with no repair work is done except exchange of parts and maintenance requiring no open flame, welding or the use of highly flammable liquids. (6) Group F. Industrial Group F Occupancies shall include: ice plants, power plants, pumping plants, cold storage, and creameries, factories and workshops using incombustible and non-explosive materials, and storage and sale rooms for incombustible and nonexplosive materials. (7) Group G. Storage and Hazardous Group G Occupancies shall include: Division 1. Storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable material. Division 2. Storage and handling of flammable materials, dry cleaning plants using flammable liquids; paint stores with bulk handling, paint shops and spray painting rooms. Division 3. Wood working establishments, planning mills and box factories, shops, factories where loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured, processed or generated; warehouses where highly combustible material is store. Division 4. Repair garages. Division 5. rcraft repair hangers. (8) Group H. Assembly Other Than Group 1 Group H Occupancies shall include: Division 1. Any assembly building with a stage and an occupant load of less than 1000 in the building. Division 2. Any assembly building without stage and having an occupant load of 300 or more in the building. Division 3. Any assembly building without a stage and having an occupant load of less than 300 in the building. Division 4. Stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park structures not included within Group I or in Division 1, 2, and 3 of this Group. (9) Group I. Assembly Occupant Load 1000 or More Group I Occupancies shall be any assembly building with an age and an occupant load of 1000 or more in the building. (10) Group J. Accessory Group J Occupancies shall include: Division 1. Private garage, carports, sheds and agriculture buildings. Division 2. Fences over 1.80 meters high, tanks, and towers. (b) Other subgroupings or divisions within Groups A to may be determined by the Secretary. Any other occupancy not mentioned specifically in this Section, or about which there is any question shall be included in the Group which it most nearly resembles based on the existing or proposed life and fire hazard.  CHAPTER VIII LIGHT AND VENTILATION Section 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation. (a) Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Basement of Light and View and to the provisions of this part of the Code, every building shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation. (b) All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly approved. (c) No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings under this Code, or to create an additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of this Code. (d) No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard would be less than that prescribed for such building. Section 805. Ceiling Heights. (a) Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation have ceiling heights not less than 2.40 meters measured from the floor to the ceiling; Provided that for buildings of more than one-storey, the minimum ceiling height of the first store shall be 2.70 meters and that for the second storey 2.40 meters and succeeding storeys shall have an unobstructed typical head-room clearance of not less than 2.10 meters above the finished floor. Above stated rooms with a natural ventilation shall have ceiling height not less than 2.70 meters. (b) Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling height not less than 1.80 meters above and below it. Section 806. Size and Dimensions of Rooms. (a) Minimum sizes of rooms and their least horizontal dimensions shall be as follows: 1. Rooms for Human Habitations. 6.00 square meters with at least dimensions of 2.00 2. Kitchens. 3.00 square meters with at least dimension of 1.50 meters; 3. Bath and toilet. 1.20 square meters with at least dimension of 0.90 meters. Section 807. Air Space Requirements in Determining the Size of Rooms. (a) Minimum space shall be provided as follows: 1. School Rooms. 3.00 cubic meters with 1.00 square meter of floor area per person; 2. Workshops, Factories, and Offices. 12.00 cubic meters of space per person; 3. Habitable rooms. 14.00 cubic meters of space per person.  CHAPTER IX SANITATION Section 902. Water Supply System. (a) Whenever available, the potable water requirements for a building used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing municipal or city waterworks system. (b) The quality of drinking water from meteoric, surface or underground sources shall conform to the criteria set in the latest approved National Standards for Drinking Water. (c) The design, construction and operation of deep wells for the abstraction of groundwater shall be subject to the provisions of the Water Code of the Philippines. (d) The design, construction and operation of independent waterworks, systems of private housing subdivisions or industrial estates shall be governed by existing laws relating to local waterworks system. (e) The water piping installations inside buildings and premises shall conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code of the Philippines. Section 903. Wastewater Disposal System. (a) Sanitary sewage from buildings and neutralized or pretreated industrial wastewater shall be discharged directly into the nearest street sanitary sewer main of existing municipal or city sanitary sewerage system in accordance with the criteria set by the Code on Sanitation and the National Pollution Control Commission. (b) All buildings located in areas where there are no available sanitary sewerage system shall dispose their sewage "Imhoff" or septic tank and subsurface absorption filed. (c) Sanitary and industrial plumbing installations inside buildings and premises shall conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code. Section 904. Storm Drainage System. (a) Rain water drainage shall not discharge to the sanitary sewer system. (b) Adequate provisions shall be made to drain low areas in buildings and their premises. Section 905. Pest and Vermin Control. (a) All buildings with hollow and/or wood construction shall be provided with rat proofing. (b) Garbage bins and receptacles shall be provided with ready means for cleaning and with positive protection against entry of pest and vermins. (c) DINING rooms for public use without artificial ventilation shall be properly screened.  CHAPTER X BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS Section 1002. Projection into Alleys or Streets. (a) No part of any structure or its appendage shall project into any alley or street, national road or public highway except as provided in this Code. (b) Footings located at least 2.40 meters below grade along national roads or public highway may project not more than 300 millimeters beyond the property line. (c) Foundations may be permitted to encroach into public sidewalk areas to a width not exceeding 500 millimeters; provided, that the top of the said foundations is not less than 600 millimeters below the established grade; and provided further, that said projections does not obstruct any existing utility such as power, communication, gas, water, or sewer lines, unless the owner concerned shall pay the corresponding entities for the rerouting of the parts of the affected utilities. Section 1003. Projection of Balconies and Appendages Over Streets. (a) The extent of any projection over an alley or street shall be uniform within a block and shall conform to the limitations set forth in Table 1003-A; Projection of Balconies and Appendages (Annex B-2); (b) The clearance between the established grade of the street and/or sidewalk and the lowest under surface of any part of the balcony shall not be less than 3.00 meters. Section 1004. Arcades. (a) Whenever required by existing building and zoning regulations, arcades shall be constructed on sidewalks of streets. The width of the arcade and its height shall be uniform throughout the street provided, that in no case, shall an arcade be less than 3.00 meters above the established sidewalk grade. Section 1005. Canopies (Marquees). (a) Definition. A canopy or marquee is a permanent roofed structure above a door attached to and supported by the building and projecting over a wall or sidewalk. This includes any object or decoration attached thereto. (b) Projection and Clearance. The horizontal clearance between the outermost edge of the marquee and the carb line shall be not less than 300 millimeters. The vertical clearance between the pavement or ground line and the under surface of any part of the marquee shall not be less than 3.00 meters. (c) Construction. A marquee shall be constructed of incombustible material or materials of not less than twohours fire-resistive construction. It shall be provided with necessary drainage facility. (d) Location. Every marquee shall be so located as not to interfere with the operation of any exterior standpipe connection or to obstruct the clear passage from stairway exits from the building or the installation or maintenance of electroliers. Section 1006. Movable Awnings or Hoods. (a) Definition. An awning is a movable shelter supported entirely from the exterior wall of a building and of a type which can be retracted, folded, or collapsed against the face of a supporting building. (b) Clearance. The horizontal clearance between the awning and the curb line shall not be less than 300 millimeters. The vertical clearance between the undermost surface of the awning and the pavement or ground line shall be not less than 2.40 meters. Collapsible awnings shall be so designated that they shall not block a required exit when collapsed or folded. Section 1007. Doors, Windows, and the like. Doors, windows and the like less than 2.40 meters above the pavement or ground line shall not, when fully opened or upon opening, project beyond the property line except fire exit doors. Section 1008. Corner Buildings with Chaflans. (a) Every corner building or solid fence on a public street or alley less than 3.60 meter in width shall be truncated at the corner. The face of the triangle so formed shall be at right angles to the bisector of the angle of the intersection of the street lines; provided, that in no case, the Secretary shall determine the size and form of the chaflan. (b) If the building is arcaded, no chaflan is required notwithstanding the width of the public street or alley, less than 12.00 meters.