Practical Microbiology Lab 1 - Microscopy PDF

Practical Microbiology Lab#1 Microscopy  What is Microbiology? Micro – bio – logy Microbiology: the study of living organisms which are too small to be seen with naked eyes. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and some algae are all in this category. ...

Practical Microbiology Lab#1 Microscopy  What is Microbiology? Micro – bio – logy Microbiology: the study of living organisms which are too small to be seen with naked eyes. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and some algae are all in this category.  Why Study Microorganisms? 1. They are EVERYWHERE (Even inside you) 2. Some are BAD (causing diseases) (Pathogenic) 3. The majority are GOOD (beneficial) Antibiotics and Vaccines Insulin via Genetic Engineering  In order to study micro- organisms: You have to be able to: See them Isolate and culture them Microbiology Laboratory Safety Rules Microbiology Laboratory Safety Rules  Microscopy I. Types of microscopes II. Basic principles of microscopy III.How to use the OIL IMMERSION LENS  1. Ordinary (bright field) 10x High power 40x Low power 10x Oil immersion 100x lenses Rapid & is used to locate suitable field Controls amount of light Slow & is that passes via the specimen & used to bring into object lens sharp focus Condenser Concentrate light and render sharper image Why called Bright Field? stained object # bright background  2. Specialized light microscopes A. Dark Field: Bright object # dark background (no need for staining & M.O. is viable)  2. Specialized light microscopes B. Phase-Contrast: Cellular components can be seen at different degrees of brightness as…….. Dark object # bright background ( no need for staining & M.O. is viable )  2. Specialized light microscopes C. Fluorescence microscope: UV is used to excite molecules which are seen as brilliant shades of orange, yellow or yellow green (visible)  II- Basic principles of microscopy 1. Magnification: function of lenses Magnification = Ocular lens x (10x) *Objective lens x (10x, 40x, 100x)  II- Basic principles of microscopy 2. Resolution: depends on source of illumination properties such as ( wave length and Refraction ) Low High Def: the ability to show two adjacent objects as discrete units rather than distorted overlapped single object.  II- Basic principles of microscopy Refraction and Refractive index: Refraction: bending of light as it passes from one medium to another medium of different density  II- Basic principles of microscopy So we must use mineral Oil (RI is close to that of glass) between the objective lens and slide >>>>>>vivid image.  II- Basic principles of microscopy 3. Illumination: controlled by: Condenser Diaphragm Source of light III- How to use the OIL IMMERSION LENS 1. Place only one drop of Oil on the film NO COVER  III- How to use the OIL IMMERSION LENS 2. Use the Oil Immersion lens (White color) Lens is immersed in Oil III- How to use the OIL IMMERSION LENS 3. Bring Field into sharp focus  III- How to use the OIL IMMERSION LENS Staphylococcus Escherichia coli aureus Shape: Cocci (spheres) Bacilli (rods) Size: Small Small Arrangement: Bunches Single (Scattered) Color: Violet Red  Lab Questions What is the name and function of #......? #1 #3 #4  What is the name and Part function of? Function 1- Diaphragm Controls amount of light that passes via the specimen & into object lens 2- Condenser Concentrate light and render sharper image 3- Coarse Adjustment Rapid & is used to locate suitable field 4- Fine Adjustment Slow & is used to bring sharp focus What is the type of microscopy used to obtain this image? What is the type of microscopy used to obtain this image? What is the type of microscopy used to obtain this image?