Biochem - DEMY2_Principles of Nutrition_SONeill.pdf

RCSI Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Coláiste Ríoga na Máinleá in Éirinn Principles of Nutrition Class DEM Year 2 Course Gastrointestinal Biology Lecturer Dr. Sarah O’Neill ([email protected]) Date September 9th 2024  SOME IMPORT...

RCSI Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Coláiste Ríoga na Máinleá in Éirinn Principles of Nutrition Class DEM Year 2 Course Gastrointestinal Biology Lecturer Dr. Sarah O’Neill ([email protected]) Date September 9th 2024  SOME IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES OF NUTRITION Adequacy: enough of all essential nutrients Balance: do not rely on one type of food for everything Energy control: do not overeat or not eat enough Moderation: not too much or too little of anything Variety: the spice of life: include a large variety of different foods in your diet Aim for a healthy weight Be physically active 30-60 minutes a day  REGULATOR NUTRIENTS: MICRO-MINERALS Trace/micro-minerals is an essential element of the diet if a dietary deficiency of that mineral results in a suboptimal biological function that is preventable or reversible by physiological amounts of that mineral Approx. Body Content (Healthy Element RDA/*AI Adult) 8mg (male) Iron (Fe) 2.4g 18mg (female) Zinc (Zn) 1.5 – 2.5 g 11mg (male) 8mg (female) Molybdenum (Mo) Unknown 45mcg Selenium (Se) 15mg 55mcg Iodine (I) 15 – 20mg 150mcg 2.3mg (male) Manganese (Mn) 10 – 20mg 1.8mg (female) Source: Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 5th Ed Gropper, Smith and Groff ENERGY YIELDING NUTRIENTS AND METABOLISM VITAMINS AND METABOLISM  BASAL CALORIC REQUIREMENTS Male = 1800 kcal/day To maintain your basic metabolic rate (BMR) Female = 1300 kcal/day Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA): – Male = 2,800 kcal/day To carry out all functions in a day – Female = 2,100 kcal/day* – * + 300 during pregnancy + 500 during lactation  BMI RANGES BMI