Global Competence and Literacy PDF

Global competence refers to the skills, attitudes, and behaviors necessary to thrive in an ever-changing and complex world. It\'s a transformative lens through which we can reimagine our education system and ensure that every student is future-ready 4 Dimension of Global Competence 1. Examine loc...

Global competence refers to the skills, attitudes, and behaviors necessary to thrive in an ever-changing and complex world. It\'s a transformative lens through which we can reimagine our education system and ensure that every student is future-ready 4 Dimension of Global Competence 1. Examine local, global and cultural significant 2. Understand and appreciate the perspectives and world views of others 3. Engage open appropriate and effective interaction across cultures 4. Take action for collective wellbeing and sustainable development - Understanding and exploring different issues that affects people in our community, other countries, and different cultures. - Being open to and valuing the opinions, beliefs, and ways of thinking people from different backgrounds. - Communicating and interacting respectfully and effectively with ople from different cultures. - Do something to help improve the quality-of-life for everyone and to make sure we protect our environments and resources for future generations. Traditional or Conventional Literacy - -Literacy is defined as the ability to read and write. -- Originated in the 15^th^ century from the word "literate," derived from the Latin word \*literatus\*, meaning "a person marked with letters" or educated. - Traditional education focused on subjects like grammar, logic, arithmetic, and geometry, emphasizing the importance of reading and writing skills. Conventional Concepts of Literacy (Miller, 1973) Basic Literacy - Ability to recognize visual symbols and convert them into spoken words. Comprehension Literacy -- Understanding the meaning behind the words being read. - Example: Knowing that "basa" can mean "to read" or "to be wet" based on the context. - Functional and Practical Literacy- Ability to read and understand written materials to perform everyday tasks. - Example: Understanding the sentence "Ang bata ay nagbabasa" means "The child is reading." Key Components of Reading \- Text: Contains symbols and grammar to be read. \- Meaning or Message: The idea or information conveyed by the text. Without a text, there is nothing to read; without meaning, reading is just decoding symbols. Expanded Views of Literacy Modern Perspectives \- Literacy is seen as a form of knowledge, competence, and skill in a particular field. \- Supported by UNESCO (2006) and scholars like Barton (2007) and Mkandawire (2018). \- 21^st^-Century Literacies \- Literacy now includes communication methods beyond reading and writing, such as visual communication and digital literacy. Functional Literacy (Schlechty, 2001) - Defined as the ability to read but not well enough to handle tasks that require advanced reading skills for daily living or employment. Understanding Literacy (Miller) - Emphasizes that reading requires comprehension. - Simply pronouncing words is not enough; understanding their meaning is crucial for true literacy. 21^st^-Century Communication - Humans have always used various forms of communication beyond spoken and written words (e.g., smoke signals by ancient civilizations). Key Points to Remember: 1\. Literacy is more than reading and writing; it includes understanding, interpretation, and applying knowledge in different contexts. 2\. Functional Literacy involves practical application of reading skills in everyday tasks. 3\. Expanded Literacy includes knowledge and skills in specific areas, supported by modern technology and communication methods. Definition of New Literacy: - New literacy involves the ability to confidently, efficiently, and ethically navigate a wide range of written, visual, print, live, digital, or electronic texts depending on the purpose. Evolution of Literacy Over Time: \- 1950-1970: Focused on operational and functional literacy, which emphasized reading and writing skills needed for daily activities in modern society. \- Post-1990s: Literacy diversified due to technological advancements, changing urban living conditions, and new societal needs. It expanded beyond traditional forms to include multi-faceted aspects. Types of Literacy: - Initially focused on specific forms such as: - Computer Literacy - Technology Literacy - Internet Literacy - Media Literacy - Later evolved to include broader aspects like: - Information Literacy - Cultural Literacy - Universal Literacy Literacy as a Lifestyle: - Literacy is now seen as a continuous part of life in society that involves information, cultural, and universal literacy. Literacy in Various Contexts: \- Literacy isn't just about reading and writing; it involves applying knowledge for specific purposes, like: \- Writing correspondence \- Keeping records and inventories \- Posting announcements \- Reporting 21^st^ Century Literacy: - Involves comprehending, selecting, and using multimodal codes and conventions to interpret and express ideas, feelings, and information. - Requires subject-specific literacies that include specialized knowledge, skills, and creativity. - Emphasizes the need to interact confidently with various text types, whether written, visual, digital, or electronic. Cross-Curricular Capabilities (Multiliteracies): \- New literacies combine traditional print literacy with emerging digital and cultural literacies. \- Includes the following dynamic capabilities: - Visual Literacy: Understanding and interpreting visual information. - Information Literacy: The ability to locate, evaluate, and use information effectively. - Cultural Literacy: Awareness and understanding of different cultures and their expressions. - Digital Literacy: Skills to use digital tools and technologies for communication and information gathering. Practical Applications of New Literacies: \- Utilizing technological tools to explore and create new text types, such as: - Blogging, fanfic writing, manga production, meme creation - Producing anime music videos (AMVs), podcasting, vodcasting - Gaming, reading graphic novels, and interpreting wordless picture books communication and digital content. Lankshear & Knobel (2006): - Literacy is about generating and communicating meanings through encoded texts in various contexts. Kress (2003): - Literacy occurs through interaction with the text and understanding its potential content. - Emphasizes the relational aspect of literacy, where meaning can be tied to online practices and digital resources. Primary English Teaching Association Australia (2015): - -Highlights that 21^st^-century literacy includes social change, field expertise, and digital technologies. - -Recognizes the importance of multimodal communication skills in interpreting and expressing information Understanding New Literacies Definition of New Literacies: - New literacies are flexible, continuous, and open, often merging online and offline activities (Leander, 2003). - and engaging for students. Exploring the Seven New Literacies: - Multicultural Literacy: Understanding diverse ethnic groups, focusing on identity, diversity, and citizenship. - Social Literacy: Developing social skills, knowledge, and values to act positively and responsibly in complex social settings. - Media Literacy: The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media content. - Financial Literacy: Making informed decisions about money management. - Digital Literacy: Using digital devices for communication, collaboration, and advocacy. - Ecological Literacy: Understanding ecosystems and principles of sustainability. - Creative Literacy: Generating original ideas with value and seeing the world in new ways. 21^st^ Century Literacies in Education: - Success with technology in education depends on critical thinking and reflection. - Teachers must receive adequate training and access to modern technologies to provide effective instruction. - Literacy in the 21^st^ century includes skills like problem-solving, collaboration, and using digital tools such as smartboards, social networking software, and other technological resources. National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) Findings (2013): - New technologies offer opportunities for diverse and participatory literacy practices. - Digital tools enhance writing, interaction, and engagement among K-12 and college students. - Online responses to writing encourage better revision skills compared to traditional methods. Functional Literacy Definition and Evolution: - Initially defined by UNESCO as training to meet reading and writing demands in adult life. - Has evolved to include numeracy and skills needed to manage daily tasks in modern society. UNESCO's Approach to Functional Literacy: - Literacy programs should align with economic and social development goals. - Programs must target highly motivated populations that can benefit the most. - Functional literacy should include professional and technical knowledge to enhance civic and economic participation. Aspects of Functional Literacy Programs: - Includes training in areas like agriculture, health, industry, arts, and technical-vocational skills. - Focuses on specific literacy, a strategy tailored to job-specific skills to prevent job-skill mismatches. Significance of Specific Literacy: - Involves diagnosing literacy needs in the workplace. - Identifies turning points that can incentivize learning and assesses the limits of short-term interventions. Functional Literacy and Daily Life: - Functional literacy encompasses both technical and practical skills that support personal, social, and economic roles. - It encourages the application of literacy skills in everyday life for practical and meaningful outcomes. Understanding Functional Literacy Definitions of Functional Literacy: Capar (1998): A functionally literate person actively maintains and develops their literacy skills throughout their life, adapting to their surroundings. UNESCO (De Castel, 1971; Goksen, Gulgoz, and Kagitcibasi, 2000): It is the ability to participate in significant professional, social, political, and cultural activities using literacy skills. Hatch (2010): Functional literacy involves building the capacity to use reading and writing in daily life. -Knoblauch and Brannon (1993):It includes performance with texts and mathematics, bridging basic and applied literacy skills. National Statistics Authority: Functional literacy covers reading, writing, and numeracy to meet the demands of everyday life. Key Aspects of Functional Literacy: - It is an ongoing process that goes beyond basic literacy skills. - Functional literacy encompasses the ability to engage effectively in societal roles, using reading, writing, and arithmetic in personal, social, and economic contexts. - It includes both official participation in civic life and informal ways to support national and community development. Improving Functional Literacy in the Philippines Current Status of Functional Literacy: - As of 2013, the Philippines had a 90.3% functional literacy rate among individuals aged 10-64 (Manuyo, 2019). - Disparities existed at the community level, with only about 44% of students aged 11-13 being functionally literate. - Factors contributing to low functional literacy include school dropouts, lack of family income, early marriage, and low interest in schooling. Interventions for Enhancing Functional Literacy: - Creation of formal and non-formal learning environments. - Active participation of local stakeholders and capacity building for teachers. - Development of contextualized learning materials and improvement of reading, math, and life skills. - Implementation of programs like the Alternative Learning System (ALS) to support out-of-school youth. - Improvements in classroom facilities, reading programs, and integration of skills into the curriculum. Progress and Challenges: - A 2016 follow-up study by World Vision showed a functional literacy rate increase to 76.53%. - Although the improvement was notable, the rate still fell short of the 80% benchmark, indicating a need for continued efforts to close the literacy gap. Integration of New Literacies in the Curriculum 21^st^ Century Literacy Requirements: - The shift toward a technology-driven world requires students to become proficient in new literacy skills related to information and communication technologies (ICTs). - Literacy educators must integrate these technologies into the curriculum to prepare students for modern challenges. Characteristics of a Multiliterate Learner: - Teachers who use ICTs effectively for teaching and learning. - Peers who share knowledge and use ICTs responsibly. - A curriculum that encourages collaboration with global peers. - Instruction that includes critical thinking and culturally sensitive practices. - Support from leaders and policymakers who advocate for ICT use in education. - Equal access to ICT resources for all students to bridge the digital divide. Understanding the Elements of New Literacies Four Key Elements of New Literacies (Coiro et al., 2008): - Internet and ICTs require new skills: Effective use of the Internet and other digital tools demands new social practices, skills, strategies, and attitudes. - Central to civic and global participation: New literacies are essential for active involvement in civic, economic, and personal spheres in a globalized world. - Rapidly evolving nature: As technology continues to advance, new literacies also evolve, constantly adapting to new digital tools. - Multimodal and multifaceted: New literacies involve multiple forms of media and perspectives, necessitating various approaches to support students in the digital age. Impact of New Literacies on Instruction Changes in Literacy Instruction: \- Transformation of Engagement (Grisham and Wolsey, 2009; Henry, 2008): \- Literacy activities are evolving due to students' increased use of the Internet and ICTs, requiring new skills to navigate multimodal and interactive digital environments. \- The Internet as a Key Tool: \- The Internet is the most influential technology for today's students, shaping how they read, write, and engage with texts. \- Continuous Evolution (Leu et al., 2004): \- Literacy is constantly changing due to technological innovations, leading to the emergence of new literacies and impacting teaching methods, assessments, and research. Multiliteracies in Educational Reform Understanding Multiliteracies: \- Multimodal Communication: Multiliteracies involve various ways of communication, including language use across different cultures and the ability to understand and utilize technology and multimedia. \- 21^st^ Century Skills: Emphasize the importance of teaching relevant, in-demand skills that align with the needs of a technology-driven society and a knowledge-based economy. Teaching 21^st^ Century Skills: \- Cross-Disciplinary Learning Educational approaches such as project-based, performance-based, and outcome-based learning focus on teaching skills that integrate multiple disciplines. \- Practical Learning Experiences Students may earn academic credit through internships, apprenticeships, or immersive experiences, acquiring real-world skills while meeting learning standards. Media Literacy Skills Application in Real-World Projects: - Media literacy skills develop as students engage with real-world issues using technological tools. - Students create multimedia projects like websites, TV shows, radio shows, public service announcements, documentaries, and more. - Projects help students express their views, develop citizenship skills, and aim to make a difference in their communities. Impact on Academic Performance: - Engaging with media and technology leads to higher standardized test scores. - Students gain a deeper understanding and mastery of content through meaningful, connected learning. Preparing Teachers for Multiliteracies Concept of Multiliteracies (New London Group, 1996): - Multimodal Communication: Includes communication across languages and cultures using diverse channels, with a strong emphasis on understanding technology and multimedia. - Extending Pedagogy: Applying multiliteracies in teaching helps manage and enhance classroom instruction. Challenges in Teaching Multiliteracies: - Sustainable Literacy Development: Teachers must help students build strong literacy skills that last throughout their education. - Gap Between Classroom Practice and Multiliteracies: There is a need for better integration of multiliteracies into teaching methods to meet the demands of a globalized and technology-driven society. - Situated Practice: Involves integrating primary knowledge to make learning meaningful. - Overt Instruction: Guides students in systematic learning processes using various tools. - Critical Framing: Teaches students to question different perspectives for deeper understanding. - Transformed Action: Encourages applying lessons to real-life situations. Effective Instructional Practices for 21^st^ Century Literacies Instructional Strategies: - Encourage reflection on the role of technology in learning. - Create websites for ongoing class discussions and incorporate outside perspectives. - Provide strategies for evaluating online information and understanding digital literacy. Student Engagement Techniques: - Use wikis to develop collaborative projects. - Include various media and genres in learning materials. - Involve students in creating podcasts, focusing on content for real-world audiences. - Teach students how to avoid plagiarism in digital work. Recommendations for Schools and Policymakers Support for Teachers: - Provide ongoing professional development in 21^st^-century literacy skills. - Supply updated technologies for classroom use to enhance digital learning. - Address the digital divide by ensuring equitable access to technology for all students. Policy and Curriculum Development: - Integrate technology training in teacher preparation programs. - Ensure student safety and privacy in online learning environments. - Emphasize the role of literacy teachers in fostering technological proficiency