Bacteria and Fungi PDF

## Bacteria / Fungi ### Bacteria **Environmental Factors for Growth** - Temperature - Perfect environment in the mouth! - PH - Water - Light - Nutrition - Respiration **Features** - Small Single-celled microorganisms. - Ancient life form - Same basic functions as other living cells - Lack...

## Bacteria / Fungi ### Bacteria **Environmental Factors for Growth** - Temperature - Perfect environment in the mouth! - PH - Water - Light - Nutrition - Respiration **Features** - Small Single-celled microorganisms. - Ancient life form - Same basic functions as other living cells - Lack Chlorophyll - Usually have single circular DNA chromosome found within the cytoplasm - No membrane-bound organelles. **Shapes** - Coccus - Coccobacillus - Vibrio - Bacillus - Spirillum - Spirochete ### Gram Staining A technique used to distinguish and classify bacterial species into two groups: - Gram-positive Bacteria - Gram-Negative Bacteria **Names of Bacteria must be in italics** **Bacteria Associated With Dentistry** - _Carious process_ - _Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis_ - _Infective endocarditis_ - _Legionella_ - _MRSA_ - _MMSA_ ### Fungi & Mould **Features** - Eukaryotic - 2 Structural types: - Yeast - Mould - Contain a nucleus - Cell walls contain chitin - **CHITIN:** hard substance - Found in exoskeleton of insects or crustaceans **Reproduction** - Most fungi can reproduce through both sexual & asexual reproduction - **Asexual reproduction:** Occurs through the release of spores through mycelial fragmentation (mycelium separates into multiple pieces that grow separately) **Yeast** - Some reproduce by binary fission - Asexual reproduction by the separation of the body into two new bodies (organism duplicates its DNA and divides into two parts ). - Yeast is both unicellular and multicellular **Mould:** - Mould is a multicellular only organism - Oral Cavity has Fungal Commensal Flora ***Can be Commensal Live in harmony with the host.***