Bacteria and Fungi PDF

# Bactena / Fungi ## Bacteria ### Environmental factors for growth * Temperature * Perfect environment in the mouth! * pH * Water * Light * Nutrition * Respiration ### Features: * Small single-celled microorganisms * Ancient life form * Same basic functions as other living cells * Lack Chlo...

# Bactena / Fungi ## Bacteria ### Environmental factors for growth * Temperature * Perfect environment in the mouth! * pH * Water * Light * Nutrition * Respiration ### Features: * Small single-celled microorganisms * Ancient life form * Same basic functions as other living cells * Lack Chlorophyll * Usually have single circular DNA Chromosome found within the cytoplasm * No membrane-bound organelles. ### Shapes * **Coccus** * **Coccobacillus** * **Vibrio** * **Bacillus** * **Spirillum** * **Spirochete** ### Gram Staining A technique used to distinguish and Classify bacterial species into two groups: * **Gram-positive Bactena** * **Gram-Negative Bactena** Names of Bactena must be in italics. ### Bactena Associated with Dentistry * **Carious process** * **Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis** * **Infective endocarditis** * **Legionella** * **MRSA** * **MMSA** ## Fungi & Mould ### Features: * **Eukaryotic** * **2 Structural types:** * **Yeast** * **Mould** * Contain a nucleus * Cell walls contain chitin * **CHITIN**: hard substance found in exoskeleton of insects or crustaceans ### Asexual reproduction * Most fungi can reproduce through both sexual and asexual reproduction. * Occurs through the release of spores through mycelial fragmentation (mycelium separates into multiple pieces that grow separately). ### Yeast * Some reproduce by binary fission * Asexual reproduction by the separation of the body into two new bodies (organism duplicates its DNA and divides into two parts) * Yeast is both unicellular and multicellular ### Mould * Mould is a multicellular only organism ### Oral Cavity * Oral Cavity has Fungal Commensal Flora Can be: * **Commensal** * Live in harmony with the host.