AV SAFETY NOTES.pdf

Why do we have signages? a. Furnish his workers a place of employment free To warn workers who may be exposed to hazards in from hazards the workplace, b. Give complete job safety instructions Safter...

Why do we have signages? a. Furnish his workers a place of employment free To warn workers who may be exposed to hazards in from hazards the workplace, b. Give complete job safety instructions Safter (DOLE) c. Comply with requirements of this standards d. Used only approved devices Safety Symbol/Sign Safety communicating tools 2. Worker Indicate hazards that are present a. Cooperate with employer Its advantage is that it is universal and recognized b. Report any hazard to employer across languages c. Make proper use of all safeguards and safety Prevent people from getting into accidents devices Reminder to workers d. Used personal protection e. Follow worksafe procedures Safety Signs 1. Red SPECIFIC GUIDELINES DOH IMPLEMENTS Danger 1. Employer must ensure that workplace is disinfected, Need to avoid or evacuate ventilated, and maintained 2. Employer shall provide proper visual reminders to 2. Yellow/Amber improve compliance Warning 3. Other measures: Take more precaution ○ Daily temp ○ Referral network for who will develop symptoms 3. Blue ○ Enforce infection control protocol Mandatory ○ Appropriate PPE Dictates a specific safety behavior ○ Implement activities to promote physical and mental resilience 4. Green Emergency Escape HAZARD is anything with potential to cause injury, No danger and first aid illness or damage Placed in exit doors Types of Hazard OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1. Physical Hazard STANDARDS (OSHS) a. Brought by unhealthy working conditions, poor 1978- compliance with the constitutional mandate to lighting, ventilation, insufficient facilities, and safeguard the worker’s social and economic improper work practices like wrong use of knives well-being 2. Biological Hazard Adopted through the tested democratic machinery of a. Brought by workers who are infected by diseases tripartism, the 1978 Standards is considered as a that can be transmitted landmark in Philippine labor and social legislation. 3. Ergonomic Hazard Aims to protect every working man and woman, a. Poor posture which affects the body thereby ensuring conservation of valuable manpower 4. Psychological hazards resources and the prevention of loss or damage to a. Stress that can cause mental emotional strains lives and properties, consistent with national development goals and with the State’s commitment RULE 1013: Hazardous Workplaces for the total development of every worker as a a. Where the workers are exposed to dangerous complete human being. environmental elements, contaminants or work conditions including ionizing radiation, chemicals, Duties of Employers, Workers and other Person: fire, flammable substances, noxious components 1. Employer  b. Where the workers are engaged in construction LESSON 1 work, logging, fire fighting, mining, quarrying, Hazard Analysis Procedure blasting, stevedoring, dock work, deep-sea fishing Determine if the energy source has the potential to and mechanized farming; harm workers c. Where the workers are engaged in the manufacture If so, hazardous energy must be controlled using an or handling of explosives and other pyrotechnic appropriate lockout procedure products; d. Where the workers use or are exposed to power LOTO (Lockout/Tagout) driven or explosive powder actuated tools; Where Used to prevent accidental start-up or release of the workers are exposed to biologic agents such as hazardous energy bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoas, nematodes, Lockout: physically isolating equipment form its parasites power source Tagout: attaching warning tags to indicate that it What to do then there is a potential hazard? should not be operated - Ensure every individual is aware - Inform supervisor Lockout Procedure - Make a follow us that the hazard has not been solved - De-energization: Potential energy sources are shut - Record or file reports about the problem down - Isolation: equipment is separated from source using Note: Identifying the hazard is not the only way to make locks, tags everyone safe. You have keep the food, workplace and - Verification: Equipment is verified to be yourself clean de-energized and isolated A. To keep yourself clean 1. Padlocks: secure lockout devices a. Wash hands 2. Tags: warning that it should not be used b. Keep nails short and clean 3. Lockout Hasps: attached multiple locks to a single c. PPE and mask source, ensuring that all authorized personnel are d. No accessories aware of the lockout 4. Energy Isolating Device: circuit breaker and valves B. To keep food clean used to isolate equipment from its source a. No handling of food when you have wounds, cuts, 5. Tagout devices: used to secure warning tags and infections. b. Refrigerate food Person: Responsible manager or supervisor or c. Keep food in clean containers w/ cover. equipment custodian d. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly Action: e. Check food and containers for any possible Assigns a worker to conduct a hazard analysis (or to confirm there is an existing equipment-specific contamination. procedure [ELP] or energy isolation plan [EIP] f. Clean the containers of ingredients regularly. for the work). g. first in, first out For group lockouts using new ELPs or EIPs, the h. Label package of food to determine information. hazard analysis is prepared by the ELP/EIP preparer. For other lockouts, the hazard analysis is prepared C. To Keep the Workplace Clean by an authorized worker, familiar with the a. No personal hygiene activities equipment and work scope. b. Do not eat, smoke or spit in the workplace. Person: Worker c. Do not sit on equipment and worktables. Action: d. Keep the surrounding areas clean Reviews the scope of work and affected machine, e. Japanese philosophy of good housekeeping- 5S equipment, or system sort/seiri, set-in-order/seiton, sweep/seiso, Identifies all energy sources standardize/seiketsu, and sustain/shitsuke. Determines if any energy sources are hazardous. Evaluates each task including setup, installation,  removal, adjusting, cleaning, troubleshooting, and Radiation energy programming to analyze for hazards Related to ionizing, low frequency electromagnetic, optical or radio frequency electromagnetic radiation Person: Worker in consultation with building or area manager, if necessary Gravitational potential energy Action: Energy related to mass and its distance from the - Evaluates the work environment for potentially earth hazardous combinations The heavier and the further it is from the ground, the - For complex lockouts, documents results of the greater the potential energy hazard analysis in an ELP or EIP and submits for approval (or confirm the adequacy of the existing Mechanical Energy ELP or EIP) Contained in an item under tension Almost same as pneumatic CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS ENERGIES Releases pressure from the tension Hazardous Energies Example: spring compressed, once released the Hazardous energy is defined as: "any electrical, individual may be crushed mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, nuclear, thermal, gravitational, or other energy that can harm PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) personnel" (CSA Z460-20 "Control of Hazardous Confined Space Entry Energy - Lockout and Other Methods"). Fully or partially enclosed space Some sources are obvious, such as electricity, while Not intended for human occupancy some are hidden such as air pressure in a system or a Limited exit or entrance tightly wound spring. Can represent a risk for the health and safety of anyone who enters, due to one or more of the TYPES OR ENERGY SOURCES following factors: Electric Energy ○ its design, construction, location or atmosphere Most common form ○ the materials or substances in it Power lines (open wire) Electricity can harm people by ○ work activities being carried out in it, or the - Electric shock () ○ mechanical, process and safety hazards present - Secondary injury - Exposure to an electric arc Confined Space Many were injured and killed Hydraulic Potential Energy 60% Same as pneumatic More hazardous than regular spaces Pressurized liquid where it is used to move heavy A confined space hazard assessment and control objects program should be implemented for your workplace. When not controlled, individuals may be harmed by Found below or above the ground machineries Ditches, wells, and trenches may also be a confined Pneumatic space when access or egress is limited Pressurized air Lack of breathable air …. The effects are same as the hydraulic Before entering, know the hazards involved… check all before entering Chemical energy There is a safety attendant but would not enter the Energy released when a substance undergoes a space chemical reaction There should be communication, personal gas Energy is released as heat but could be released in other forms monitor Example: fire or explosion Barriers should be placed Thermal energy Basic Electrical Safety From an explosion, objects with high or low temp, Electrical Safety and Why is it important radiation Hazards can burn, shocks The nervous system is affected and can be damaged  or destroyed. Unqualified Person Electrocution: most frequent causes of occupational - People who are not trained or still being trained injury Electricity travels in closed circuits How to Protect from Electricity Body can be a conductor which mean electric shock 1. Follow specialized Procedures The effect of electricity depends on the milliamperes 2. Use lockout/tagout 3. Conduct inspection 4. Follow assured grounding programs 5. Use GFCIs 6. Guard energized parts Assured Grounding Program - Written program, daily visual inspection, and method to detect a faulty grounding wire - Grounding gives a stray current somewhere to go. Effects on human body Severity of shock depends on: Fall Protection ○ Path of current - Fall is one of the most common causes of injury ○ Amount of current - Employers must set up the workplace to prevent ○ Length of time the body is in circuit employees from falling Types of injuries To prevent employees from being injured: Guard every floor hole using a railing and toe-board Direct Indirect or a floor hole cover 1. Electrocution 1. Falls Provide a guard rail and toe-board around every 2. Electrical shock elevated open sided platform, floor or runway. 3. Burns Safety harness and line, safety nets, stair railings and 4. Arc blasts handrails. Fall protection plan Causes 1. Identify hazards 1. Improper Grounding 2. Prevent hazard 2. Exposed Electrical Parts 3. Eliminate Hazard 3. Inadequate Wiring 4. Restrain system 4. Damaged Insulation Personal Fall rest system (ABC) 5. Overloaded Circuit Anchorage Point, Body Wear/Harness, Connector 6. Damaged tools and equipment 7. Wet Conditions Barricades 8. Overhead Power Lines - An obstruction to deter the passage of persons or vehicles Responsibility - Depends on the color 1. Follow safe work practices 2. Wear PPE can provide a psychological assurance Color Barricades and physically protect the user at the same time A Fire Prevention and Protection Equipment Qualified Persons Familiar with the equipment and hazards involved B Housekeeping and Aisle Marking Even if a person is qualified it still depends on the situation. One person can be qualified in a C Radiation Hazards equipment but not the other D Safety and First Aid  b. Used for smaller jobs E Defective Machinery 2. Pump jack F Traffic and Caution Warning a. Uses a hydraulic system to adjust height b. Provides flexibility G Physical Hazards 3. Frame a. Main support of the platform Color Meaning Application b. Used in different scaffold types 4. Tube and Coupler Red Danger Safety cans and signs. a. Uses tubes and connectors to create a variety of scaffold configuration Stop Emergency stop bar or button 5. Mobile Scaffold a. Equipped with casters and wheels for easier Fluore Biosafety Labels and containers for blood and infectious waste. (labels movement scent must be this color with the 6. System Scaffold Orang biosafety symbol in a a. Uses standardized components and assembly e,Oran contrasting color.) methods ge-Red b. Easy to assemble Yellow Caution Tripping, falling and striking c. Used for large scale projects hazards. “Flammable, Keep Fire Away” labels on cabinets. Safety cans and containers for explosives, corrosives or unstable materials. Orange Warning Parts of machinery or energized equipment that may cut, crush or otherwise injure. Inside of transmission guards for pulleys, gears, etc. Green Safety Location of first aid equipment. Location of safety equipment, respirators, safety showers, etc. Blue Informatio Signs and bulletin boards. n Specific railroad warnings against starting, using or moving equipment being repaired. Black, Boundaries Traffic or housekeeping White, markings. Stairways, directions Yellow and borders. Scaffolds - Movable platform where a person stands while working high above the ground Aircraft Tie Down - The best is to put the aircraft in hangar Types of Scaffold - If not the aircraft is securely tied down and its 1. Ladder Jack controls firmly locked in place. a. Combines a ladder and platform LESSON 2 Industrial Hygiene Requirements of Fire - Organizations are responsible for the health and 1. Fuel- combines with oxygen in the presence of safety of their workers heat (without this nothing to burn) - Industrial hygiene is the science dedicated to the 2. Heat- accelerates the combining of oxygen and anticipation, recognition, evaluation, fuel (not sufficient then no ignition) communication, and control of environmental 3. Oxygen- element that combines chemically with stressors in the workplace that may result in injury, another substance through the process of illness, impairment, or otherwise affect the oxidation (without this fire cannot begin) wellbeing of workers and community members - Performing maintenance on aircraft uses Key Components of Industrial Hygiene electrical tools that can produce spark as a result 1. Ergonomics - reduces stress and eliminate injuries a high potential for fire to occur associated with bad posture - Know what the caused the fire, how to prevent it, and how to put it out 2. Noise- long term exposure can lead to hearing loss Classification of Fire 3. Temperature- if temp is too high (heat stroke), temp Never fight fire if: too low can also cause problems - You don't know the material, what type of extinguisher to use, and how to use it 4. Indoor Air Quality- can be impacted by pollution, - The fire is spreading beyond where it started machines and more - Your instinct tell you not to 5. Chemical Exposure- take many forms and can be Pull the fire alarm, evaluate the area and call fire absorbed, inhaled, or ingested department Know PASS (Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep) 6. Radiation a. Non ionizing- UV and laser radiation can cause burns Class Material b. Ionizing- more harmful and can be found in A Ordinary combustibles like paper, wood health care facilities or nuclear factories B Flammable Liquids 7. Biological Hazards- living organisms inside a human body and can cause acute and chronic infections. C Energized (Live) Electrical Equipment People who work with plants/ animals and laboratory are at risk D Combustible Metals like magnesium, sodium 8. Eliminating or Controlling Hazards- starts with K Combustible cooking oils/fats in cooking designing the hazard out of the process or operation appliance providing safety measures Types of Fire Extinguisher Fire Safety Fire Prevention 1. Understand the elements need to be there for fire to exist (Heat, oxygen, Fuel) 2. Good Housekeeping