Art as a Humanistic Discipline PDF

LESSON 1.1: ART AS A HUMANISTIC DISCIPLNE person as not one can be given a self-knowledge at birth and has to work one-self from beginning to end. Frameworks and perspective Fields of Learni...

LESSON 1.1: ART AS A HUMANISTIC DISCIPLNE person as not one can be given a self-knowledge at birth and has to work one-self from beginning to end. Frameworks and perspective Fields of Learning ★ Wisdom: "Withdraw into yourself truth dwells in the inner man." ⦁ Sciences - AUGUSTINE - 354- 430 AD ⦁ Humanities Language Art Art Appreciation ✔ The Sciences = Knowledge - The scientist becomes a learned man. History Creation Spectator ✔ The Humanities = Wisdom - The Humanist becomes a wise man. Art Artist Theory Philosophy Practice Summary of the Differences between Science and Humanities: The 2 General Fields of Learning: -Science- ★ The Sciences 1. When science study things, they are mere objects. (Objective - Deals with natural and physical phenomena knowledge) ★ The Humanities - Deals with human phenomena 2. When science study objects, the scientist is detached because the "knower is separate from the known." (Reflexive) 📍 Paradigm for Learning in the SCIENCES: Subject-Known Object-Known 3. Sciences discover facts. It is merely factual or descriptive. (Example of Man Universe descriptive statements: The normal body temperature is 37.5 degrees Scientific Method Celsius or Matter is neither created nor destroyed but can only (Reflective) transform from one into another form.) ★ Quote: "The Scientist learns about things in the world" 4. For Sciences, all objects are part of a natural, deterministic cycle or pattern. (Example: Human life starts with a cell and ends in the 📍Paradigm for Learning in the Humanities: deterioration of it.) Subject-Knower=Object-known Man = Man 5. Most Sciences think that all objects can be compartmentalized, REFLEXIVE METHOD measured, or predicted. ★ Quote: "The humanist learns about the self" -HUMANITIES- The Basic Question in Humanities: 1. When humanities understand things, they are not merely objects but "Who am I?" subjects. (Wisdom through subjectivity.) 📍 Thinkers whose thoughts were the basis of method in the Humanities: 2. When humanities analyse its main concerns, it enriches humanity's understanding of itself. "What is known becomes part of the knower" A).SOCRATES (Reflexive) - 469-399 BC – "Know thyself" – according to sigmund frued, as civilization continues to 3. Humanities concentrates on values that complete our humanity. (Ex. create and start anew the same way was being integrated to every single freedom, justice, beauty) It is evaluative, normative, or prescriptive. (Examples of Prescriptive Statements: Unity and Balance MUST be observable in a painting (Aesthetic concern) or; we OUGHT to do what is Cosmocentric View right simply because it is right. (Ethical concern) Protagoras: Man is the measure of all things. Geo centrism: Man is the center of the universe. 4. Humanities regard humans as agents of freedom and desire. (Example: Christianity believes that there is life in the grace of god after Medieval - 300 AD - Theocentric View our mundane existence, this is reflected in their works of art.) Scholasticism: Man is created in the image of god Man is the center of creation. 5. Humanities approach in life holistically, In Example, there remains a mystery that we cannot fully fathom through logic or materialism. Renaissance - 1400 - Anthropocentric View Humanism: Nothing is more wonderful than the man. B).Thales of Miletus - 620 - 546 BC - "A Scientist tends to know everything about the world Modern - 1600 - that he forgets to know anything about himself." Scientific-Technocentric View - One of the legendary wise man/Sophist of Antiquity Man is a part of Nature. - One of his works are about cosmology based on water as the essence of all matter. Postmodern - 1960 - Eclectic View C).Confucius Man is a piece of everything. - 555 - 479 BC - "The Great Sage/Wise Man"/ “The wise man of the east” Question: "Who am I?" "HUMANITIES" Answer: "I am a human being" LESSON 1.2: THE HUMANITIES IN WESTERN CIVILIZATION ?Panofsky: "Art as a humanistic Discipline" "HUMANITIES" - Latin English - Humanitas "Humanity" Divinitas - "Gods in the state of perfection in heaven" Humanitas - "People in the state of culture in civilized society" Barbaritas - "Savages in the state of nature for survival" The Place of Humanities in the history of Western Civilization: Ancient - 800 BC - HUMANISTIC DISCIPLINE is define as : The 7 Major Arts in Western Civilization: Painting HISTORY – Human events happening in the world. VISUAL Sculpture Language – Written and oral forms of human communication Architecture Philosophy – Human reason concerning reality Music Art - Admiration (Art Appreciation) of human-made objects PERFORMING Dance Human creativity (Art Creation) by which these objects are made. Drama ETYMOLOGY of the word ART: (The study of the sources and LINGUISTIC Literature development of words) MINOR ARTS: CRAFT In Latin: “ARS ” In English: “ART ” They were considered as makers of: Professional & Academic Artist: “Fine Art” Major Art = Ceramics Architect & Sculptor Weaving Define As skilful production or performance Sewing Art = Artist Liberal Art Handicraft Craft = Artisan Servile Art Carpentry Masonry Minor Art = Stone Cutter & Carpenter Stone Cutting Gardening Western Concept Art Cooking Academic = only schooled people are artists Elitist = Meant for the higher social class Hierarchical - {Liberal art + Servile Art + High Art + Low Art + Major Art + Minor Art + Craft + Fine art +Practical art + Folk art + Indigenous art + Popular Art } Western Classification of the Arts MAJOR ART  Made by artists  Primarily concerned with the form of beaut MINOR ART OR CRAFT  Made by artisans  Concerned with functionality and usefulness of human-made objects (“Artifacts”) LESSON 1.3: THE HUMANITIES AND FILIPINO PERSONHOOD (PAGPAPAKATAO) HUMANITIES In Latin: “HUMANITAS” In English: “HUMANITIES” FILIPINO: “PAGPAPAKATAO” Mula sa: “PAGKATAO” “TAO” COVAR’S FILIPINO ANTHROPOLOGY KATAUHAN: Biological: Born as a human being Act of being human “PERSONALITY” PAGKATAO: Cultural: Becoming a human being Process of becoming human “PERSONHOOD” “MADALING MAGING TAO NGUNIT MAHIRAP MAGPAKATAO” “PAGPAPAKATAO” – The process by which one becomes a human being. THE “HUMANITIES” IN FILIPINO CONCEPT “PAGPAPAKATAO” – The process how a human being becomes a Filipino. *In the study of Humanities, as PAGPAPAKATAO, the students would discover and realize their own identity as a Filipino.* Filipe Del Leon Jr. (2011) – “Defining the Filipino through the arts”. CULTURAL IDENTITY – “The worldview and values, beliefs systems, knowledge, skills and practices, core principles and ideas shared by a society.” - “Cultural identity is a SINE QUA NON for becoming active in the world. - “A source of social empowerment. Rob a people of their identity and they become passive, lost, indolent, uncreative and unproductive.” – “The first objective of a colonizing power is to erase the cultural memory of the conquered people, to induce a collective amnesia about their past and supplant it with the culture of the colonizers. In this lie the roots of Filipino derivativeness and inferiority complex vis-à-vis the west.” PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD (Before 1500’s) -Had our own cultural identity COLONIAL PERIOD (1500-1950) -Our identity destroyed by colonizers; Westernization of Filipino culture making us alienated from our own. POST-COLONIAL PERIOD (1950 onwards) -Reclamation, Affirmation and definition of our identity in our own terms. FILIPINO CULTURE WESTERN CULTURE (SUBORDINATED = STANDARD) FORMS OF ALIENATION CAUSED BY WESTERNIZATION OF FILIPINO CULTURE 1. Alienation from Community 2. Alienation from Our Sources of Cultural Energy: Thinking in borrowed forms and the economics of dependency 3. Alienation from our Race: The Dona Victorina Syndrome: FILIPINO CONCEPT 4. Alienation from the Indigenous: Denigrating the local ART 5. Alienation from the land  Has no such western distinctions 6. Alienation from being Filipino 7. Alienation from sustainable living FILIPINO CULTURE OTHER CULTURES (STANDARD) SOME RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING A FILIPINO AND HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE 1. Heightening social consciousness and sense of responsibility to the nation. 2. Promoting people’s participation, local genius, and cultural diversity. 3. Promoting the local but thinking national or global; Human communities, not the state, are the ultimate actors in the development process. 4. Integrating the arts to social and cultural phenomena as lucid mirrors of social consciousness. BECOMING FILIPINO THROUGH THE ARTS: The process of Pagpapakatao -“The arts can provides us the most vivid images of social relations and cultural values.” -“Contemplating the arts is like reflecting on the psychic template of an artist or a cultural community.” LESSON 1.4: THE FILIPINO CONCEPT OF ART WESTERN CONCEPT  ART + ACADEMIC +ELITIST + HIERACHICAL – Only Schooled people are artists meant for the higher social class HIGH VS LOW ART MAJOR ART VS CRAFT FINE ARTS VS PRATICAL ART FOLK ARTS INDIGENOUS