ARCHITECTURAL STYLES.pdf

ARCHITECTURAL STYLES - Height, light, achieved through mixture of skeletal structures and STYLE – a particular or distinctive form increasing windows of expression characteristic of a person, - Flying But...

ARCHITECTURAL STYLES - Height, light, achieved through mixture of skeletal structures and STYLE – a particular or distinctive form increasing windows of expression characteristic of a person, - Flying Buttress of Clermont- people, or period Ferrand, Flying Buttress of Amiens, Flying Buttress of Notre- CLASSICAL Dame de Paris - derived from principles of Greek and Roman architecture RENAISSANCE - Ex. Acropolis and Parthenon in - Developed during rebirth of Athens Greece, Pantheon in classical art and learning in Rome Italy, and Colosseum in Europe, characterized using Rome Italy) classical orders, round arches, - Five Orders of Architecture: and symmetrical proportions Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, - Ex. St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome Composite BAROQUE MOORISH - More ornate than the - Prevalent in Spain and Morocco Renaissance, deliberate in its - Mesopotamian brick and stucco attempt to impress, lavish of all techniques, frequent use of styles horseshoe arches, Roman - Ex. Girl with the Pearl Earring by columns, and capitals Johannes Vermeer, The Church - Ex. Medina Azahara, Cordoba of Gesu in Rome Spain (Great Mosque of Cordoba), Alhambra in Andalusia ROCOCO Spain (Moorish handwriting on - Final phase of Baroque, arches) characterized by profuse and semi-abstract ornamentation ROMANEQUE - Associated with lightness, - Emerged from Roman and swirling forms, flowing lines, Byzantine elements, ornate stucco work and characterized by massive arabesque ornament articulated wall structures, - Ex. Hall of Mirrors in the Palace arches, and vaults of Versailles in Versailles France, - Ex. Pisa Cathedral in the Latona Fountain in Versailles Complex Pisa in Tuscany Italy France GOTHIC NEOCLASSICISM - Revolutionary style of - Characterized by monumentality, construction, emerged from strict use of orders, and sparing Romanesque and Byzantine application of ornament forms, characterized by delicate - United States Capitol in balance of forces, with thrusts Washington D.C., White House in directed throughout a rigid Washington D.C. structural lattice EXPRESSIONISM BRUTALISM - Buildings were treated as - Emphasizes aesthetic use of functional structures and basic building processes like sculptural objects cast-in-place concrete with no - Ex. Einstein Tower in Potsdam apparent concern for visual Germany, Eigen Haard Housing amenity Estate in Amsterdam Netherlands - Ex. Ronchamp Chapel (Notre Dame du Haut) in Haute Saone ART NOUVEAU France, Philippine Heart Center - Style of fine and applied art in Quezon City Philippines, characterized by fluid, undulating Tanghalang Pambansa CCP motifs, often derived from natural Complex in Pasay Metro Manila forms - Ex. Sagrada Familia, Casa Mila, POST MODERNISM and Casa Battlo in Barcelona - Reaction against international Spain style and modernism, encourages use of elements from historical ART DECO vernacular styles and often - Style Moderne, marked by playful illusion, decoration, and geometric motifs, streamlined and complexity. curvilinear forms, sharply defined - Ex. Vanna Venturi House in outlines, and often bold colors Philadelphia U.S., AT&T (Sony - Ex. Chrysler Building and Empire Tower) in New York U.S. State Building in New York, U.S., Metropolitan Theater in Manila ORGANIC ARCHITECTURE Philippines - Expression of personal freedom, harmony between structure and INTERNATIONAL STYLE environment, integration of - Functional architecture devoid of individual parts to the whole regional characteristics concept, all forms should express - Characterized by simple natural use of elements geometric forms, large untextured - Ex. Falling Water by Frank Lloyd white surfaces, large areas of Wright in Pennsylvania, U.S. glass, and general use of steel or reinforced concrete construction DECONSTRUCTIVISM - Neo-modern or post- BAUHAUS structuralism, questions - Concepts and ideas were traditional assumptions and takes characterized by synthesis of modernist abstraction to extreme technology, craft, and design and exaggerates known motifs\ aesthetics; emphasizes functional - Ex. Guggenheim Museum in design Bilbao Spain, and Walt Disney - Ex. Bauhaus School in Dessau Concert Hall in Los Angeles Germany, Villa Savoye in Poissy California, U.S. by Frank Gehry France by Le Corbusier (Pilotis, the free plan, etc.) EVOLUTIONARY ARCHITECTURE - Eugene Tsui is the major proponent; the design grows and develops based on climatic and ecological elements as well as advances in technology - approached as a living organism as if natural forces had shaped the structure - Ex. Fish House in Berkeley California, The Line in Saudi Arabia CONCEPTUAL ARCHITECTURE - Invisible or imaginary architecture, represents plans and drawings for buildings and cities that have never been constructed, pure research or speculation - Ex. Ultima Tower in San Francisco Bay California, Seed of Life and Hexarion in Mars