Timeline of Egyptian History PDF

Timeline of Egyptian History Ancient Egypt Dr. Engy Historians divide the history of ancient Egypt into the following periods: Prehistory the Archaic Period the Old Kingdom the Middle Kingdom. the New Kingdom the Late Period the Ptolemaic (Hellenistic) and Roman Period ...

Timeline of Egyptian History Ancient Egypt Dr. Engy Historians divide the history of ancient Egypt into the following periods: Prehistory the Archaic Period the Old Kingdom the Middle Kingdom. the New Kingdom the Late Period the Ptolemaic (Hellenistic) and Roman Period  the Archaic the Old the Middle Prehistory Period Kingdom Kingdom. the New the Late the Ptolemaic and Roman Kingdom Period (Hellenistic) Periods ARCHAIC PERIOD Dynasty 1- Dynasty 2 At the beginning of Dynasty 1, Egypt unified under the rule of one pharaoh (mythical name: Menes; historical figures: Narmer and Aha). Capital at Memphis mud-brick burial monuments of kings at Abydos large tombs of officials at Saqqara. Great amounts of imported goods from Canaan and trade with Nubian.  During the so-called At these times of First, Second, and prosperity the kings Third Intermediate initiated numerous Periods the land building projects and was politically sent out expeditions fragmented, often to extend Egypt's reverting to local borders and expand rule in Upper and trade routes. Lower Egypt. OLD KINGDOM Dynasty 3 - Dynasty 6 The first major stone monument of Egypt, King Djoser's step pyramid (designed by architect Imhotep), built at Saqqara. Pyramids of Huni at Meidum and Snefru at Dahshur. Pyramids of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure built at Giza. The sphinx cut from rock at the side of Khafre's valley temple. King Djoser's step pyramid Pyramids of Huni OLD KINGDOM Mastaba tombs for royal officials at Saqqara and Giza continue from Dynasty 4, decorated with reliefs depicting scenes from daily life. Kings build pyramids (at Abusir) and sun temples. Trade with the Levant in sea-going ships. burial chambers since King Unas (last king of Dynasty 5) are inscribed with spells(pyramid texts) to help king achieve rebirth in the afterlife. Power of provincial administrators increases. Expeditions into Upper Nubia for central African goods. Mastaba tombs  FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD Dynasty 7 to early Dynasty 11 Weakening of central government. Period of climatic change to more arid environment. Food shortages. Provinces struggle individually. Herakleopolis Magna in the north and Thebes in the south as main centers of power.  MIDDLE KINGDOM Dynasty 11- 12 Dynasty King Mentuhotep II of Upper One of the great periods of Egypt reunites the country Egyptian art and literature with capital at Thebes. (portraits of kings and texts Monumental building projects such as 'The Story of Sinuhe, resume in Upper Egypt, as wisdom texts, etc.). does trade with nearby lands. King Mentuhotep II MIDDLE KINGDOM Amenemhat I, relocates capital to the north at El Lisht. His pyramid and that of his son (Senwosret I) built at Lisht. In the Faiyum new land made available for cultivation. Lower Nubia conquered and forts built at the second cataract. Important gods are Osiris (at Abydos) and Amun (at Thebes).