Ancient Greek Lecture Notes PDF

Ancient Greek Lecture Notes Topics Sparta Notes What is Sparta? City state in Greece Valued loyalty to the state Cultural Development & Poetry Social Interactions Dance Environment Natural fortress...

Ancient Greek Lecture Notes Topics Sparta Notes What is Sparta? City state in Greece Valued loyalty to the state Cultural Development & Poetry Social Interactions Dance Environment Natural fortress - Protect land and people Agriculture Society/Government Oligarchy society - Primarily run by the Spartan military 2 kings rule at the same time 28 members of the council Economy Slave-based economy Did not trade with other city-states Religion Polytheistic Main gods - Zeus - Poseidon - Apollo (Primary) Technology & Innovations Weaponry - Kopis - Dora - Swords - Shields - Passed down through generations Topics Athens Notes What is Athens? City state in Greece Capital of Greece Birthplace of Western civilization Valued education Government/Society Democratic Patriarchy Hierarchy - Upper class - Middle class - Lower class - slaves Cultural Development & Festivals Social Interaction Theatres Music Philosophy Trade Architecture Art Sculptures Economy Trade - Lack of natural resources - Traded to attain necessities that Athens did not have Environment Agriculture Natural harbors Mountains provided protection Technology & Innovation Modern mathematics Sculptures Architecture Topic Notes Philosophers S.P.A. - Western philosophers Socrates - Poisoned himself - Sentenced to death for hearsay Plato Aristotle Hippocrates - Founder of medicine - Hippocratic oath (doctors oath) Education Socratic Lecture - Asking questions and generating an educational conversation Homer - author - Iliad - Odessey (Main theme: Hubris is the sin of pride) Herodotus - Father of history Technology and Innovation Archimedes - The wheel used to transport water Pythagorous - Geometry - Pythagorean theorem Athens and Sparta Athens - Democratic - Size of Mililani - Theatre - Architecture Sparta  - Monarchy - Two kings - Leonidas (Military king) - Xerxes (Political king) Greek Nation City-states - Rule individually, separately - They may have wars with one another - Come together to battle outside countries/nations Similarities - Polytheistic - Language - Patriarchal Delian League - Unite to protect themselves from Persia - United group of military alliance Pericles - Removed from the Delian League - Athenians turned against Pericles - Turned against Socrates & Pericles - Died in Persia as a bureacrat Hellenistic Era - Ancient Greece domination Parthenon - Famous Greek structure Alexander of Macedon (Alexander the Great) - Conquered most of Greece Military Peloponessian War - Athens vs Sparta Hellenistic Era - Ancient Greece domination period Phalanx - War tactic Society Hoplites - Soldiers - Did not wear much armor (less armor makes the soldiers light and flexible) Helots - Slaves Epicureans - Pursue joy and happiness Olympics - games/sports Skeptic Philosophy - Same as skepticism - To doubt something is true Stoic Philosophy - Similar to stoicism - Self-control over emotions/feelings - Not publicly displaying one’s emotions/feelings