Aerodrome Engineering and Management - Introduction to Aerodrome PDF

Aerodrome Engineering and Management (AERENMGT) Introduction to Aerodrome Objectives Know the history of an Aerodrome. Know what is an Aerodrome. Know the different types of Aerodrome. History In the early days of aviation, when there were no paved runways and all landing fields...

Aerodrome Engineering and Management (AERENMGT) Introduction to Aerodrome Objectives Know the history of an Aerodrome. Know what is an Aerodrome. Know the different types of Aerodrome. History In the early days of aviation, when there were no paved runways and all landing fields were grass, a typical airfield might permit takeoffs and landings in only a couple of directions, much like today's airports, whereas an aerodrome was distinguished, by virtue of its much greater size, by its ability to handle landings and takeoffs in any direction. The ability to always take off and land directly into the wind, regardless of the wind's direction, was an important advantage in the earliest days of aviation when an airplane's performance in a crosswind takeoff or landing might be poor or even dangerous. History Since its beginning in the early twentieth century, civil aviation has become one of the most fascinating, important, and complex industries in the world. The civil aviation system, particularly its airports, has come to be the backbone of world transport and a necessity to twenty- first-century trade and commerce. In 2008, the commercial service segment of civil aviation, consisting of more than 900 airlines and 22,000 aircraft, carried more than 2 billion passengers and 85 million tons of cargo on more than 74 million flights to more than 1700 airports in more than 180 countries worldwide. Aerodrome Aerodrome is a defined land or area on land or water intended to be used, either wholly or in part, for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft. Airports and military air bases or stations are types of aerodrome. Maneuvering Area The part of an aerodrome intended to be used for the taking off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, excluding aprons. Apron The airport apron, apron, flight line, ramp, or tarmac is the area of an airport where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refueled, boarded, or maintained. Types of Aerodrome Civil Airport - A civil airport is an aerodrome certificated for commercial flights. Military Air Base - An air base is an aerodrome with significant facilities to support aircraft and crew. The term is usually reserved for military bases, but also applies to civil seaplane bases. Airstrip - An airstrip is a small aerodrome that consists only of a runway with perhaps fueling equipment. They are generally in remote locations. Water Aerodrome - A water aerodrome is an area of open water used regularly by seaplanes or amphibious aircraft for landing and taking off. Airstrip Water Aerodrome Airport Airport is a civil aerodrome designed for the take-off and landing of passenger-carrying aircraft for the general public and/or cargo aircraft. Classification of Airports Controlled Airport Uncontrolled Airport Controlled Airports Has an operating control tower and is sometimes referred to as tower airport. Since all aircraft in the vicinity, as well as those on the ground are subject to instructions issued by the ATC, a two- way radio is required for you to operate in the controlled airport environment. Example: DMIA (RPLC), NAIA (RPLL) Uncontrolled Airport A non-tower airport, control of Visual Flight Rules (VFR) traffic is not exercised. Although you are not required to have a two-way radio, most pilots use radios to transmit their intentions to other pilots. Example: Baler Airport (RPUR), Lingayen Airport (RPUG) Classes of Airports 1. Regular International –Used for the operation of aircraft engaged in international air navigation. 2. Alternate International –one that is intended to be used for the operation of aircraft engaged in international air navigation in lieu of the regular international airports. 3. Trunk line Airports –one that serves the principal commercial centers of the Philippines. It is intended for use by medium range jets, the greater capacity and speed of which will best serve the transportation needs between principal centers of commerce, trade and population. Classes of Airports 1. Secondary Airports –are those which serve principal towns and cities with regular traffic densities that warrant (or also their considerable distances from but close affinities with each other, also warrant the operation of jet prop aircraft). 2. Feeder Airports –one that serves towns with limited passenger traffic and are intended for use by piston aircraft, the range and capacity of which are highly suitable for this kind of service. 3. Airstrip –airport owned privately and the facilities, equipment's and buildings are minimal, most airstrips are un controlled. Types of Airports 1. International airports 2. Principal airport or domestic airport a. Class 1 principal airport b. Class 2 principal airport 3. Community airports 4. Military International airports Airports capable of handling international flights. Airports in this category include those that currently serve, or have previously served international destinations Example: DMIA (RPLC), NAIA (RPLL) Principal Airport or Domestic Airport These airports that only serve domestic destinations. 1. Class 1 Principal Airport – airports capable of serving jet aircraft with a capacity of at least 100 seats Legazpi Airport (RPLP) 2. Class 2 Principal Airport – airports capable of serving propeller aircraft with a capacity of at least 19 seats. Loakan Airport (RPUB) Community Airport Airports that are used primarily for general aviation Most feeder airports are in this category and only three airports: Cauayan Airport, Labo Airport in Ozamiz City and San Fernando Airport in La Union, all former secondary airports, have regular air service. San Fernando Airport (RPUS), La Union Military Airport Military airport is an airport that is operated by the armed forces of a country and that is primarily used Clark Air Base for military aircraft operations. Also called an Air Base. Basa Air Base Summary Airport is a type of an Aerodrome. Maneuvering area is for the movement of the aircraft while apron is for parking, refueling, boarding etc. Controlled airports have control towers to instruct the aircraft in its airspace while uncontrolled airports do not have a control tower and it has no control over the aircraft in its airspace.