Accident prevention (1).pdf

Dr.Fatima Alzahra.A.M PhD Paediatric &Child Health Nursing 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 1  Preventing accidental injuries in children 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 2  Introduction ❖Accidental i...

Dr.Fatima Alzahra.A.M PhD Paediatric &Child Health Nursing 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 1  Preventing accidental injuries in children 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 2  Introduction ❖Accidental injuries are a major health problem throughout the world. They are the commonest cause of death in children over one year of age. ❖About 90% of all accidents are preventable by safety measures. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 3  Why children at risk for injuries ??? ❖Curious , interested , hyperactive children. ❖Poor concentration & unsupervised children ❖Aggressive , stubborn children ❖Overcrowded homes. ❖ poor knowledge ,ignorance , carelessness of parents. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 4  What are the Common 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 5 ❖Newborns are relatively safe from accidents (suffocation, falls) ❖Infants & toddlers : Falls Burns Cut injuries Suffocation Foreign body 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 6 aspiration ❖Falls ❖Poisoning ❖Burn ❖Electrical shock ❖Suffocation and choking ❖Glass-related accidents 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 7 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 8 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 9  Falls The most common cause of accidents in the home Causes : Unstable gait of the toddler, presence of objects on floor, lack of supervision, curiosity of the children Prevention: Fit a safety gate at the top and bottom of stairs. Never leave tripping hazards on the stairs. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 10  Falls Prevention Outdoor ❖Supervision is essential ❖Adequate shade cover ❖Soft landing surface ❖Equipment regularly checked ❖Fencing around play areas Indoor ❖Safe furniture ,No sharp edges ❖Supervised play 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 11  Poisoning ❖Cause: ❖Accidental swallowing of drugs, detergents, insecticides, etc. ❖Prevention: ❖Keep medicines and chemicals out of sight and reach of children, preferably in an isolated, locked cabinet. ❖Always store chemicals in their original containers with appropriate labels. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 12 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 13 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 14 Tips for preventing exposure to caustics: Be mindful of children when these products are in use. Store caustic products in locked cabinets. Contact a physician, if any exposure to caustics occurs. Avoid gastric lavage. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 15 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 16  Burn/Scald/Fire Cause: Children's can suffer burns after contact with open fires, cigarettes, and cigarette lighters. Scald by hot water, burn by fire, touch on hot objects such as cooking utensils, etc. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 17  Prevention: Avoid holding a hot drink and a child at the same time. Never leave children alone in the bathroom. Put hot drinks out of reach and away from the edges of tables and worktops. Keep hot irons, out of reach even shut down. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 18 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 19 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 20 Prevention: Keep matches and lighters out of sight and reach of children. Safe and covered electrical outlets 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 21  Choking Accidental swallowing of foreign body (coins), pieces of toys, plastic material. Prevention:  Choose toys appropriate to the age of children. Avoid toys with detachable small parts.  Ensure small objects are kept out of reach of children.  Strings and plastic bags should be kept out of reach of children.  Instruct children not to play while eating. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 22 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 23  Glass-related articles Every year children die following an accident with architectural glass. Prevention: Use laminated glass. Avoid using furniture which incorporates glass. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 24 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 25 ❖School age & adolescents Road traffic accidents Electrical or instrumental injuries Sport injuries Drowning Bites & stings. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 26 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 27  How can we prevent the injuries …??? 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 28  Safety Precautions FCC Never leave an infant alone & unprotected Use stair guards; crib rails always up. Windows and door always screened. Do not give small thing to the child ; coins ,buttons , nuts for infants. Do not use negative statement for toddlers. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 29  Keep harmful substance out of reach , drugs , sharp objects , cleaning materials. Education for the car drivers ; seat belts, proper seat for children in the car 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 30  Avoid falls ; floors should not be slippery , arrangement of furniture. Mother should not hot the baby while cooking , drinking hot drinks. Electrical switches should be out of reach Children should not play with plastic bags , inflammable items Teach safety precautions for school- age , adolescents about , road , fire , electricity , sharp instruments 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 31  First Aids 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 32  First rule : Do not panic Second rule : ask for help if needed 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 33 Nursing Responsibilities Health education for injury prevention Provision of safety environment Assisting in medical care to prevent disabilities Emergency care in trauma care units. PHC measures regarding prevention of accidents should be implemented. Participate in policy making research activities related to accident prevention & changing behaviour for controlling accidents. 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 34 5/9/2024 Dr. Fatima Alzahra.A.M. 35