MSYS 50: Enterprise Architecture PDF

MSYS 50: Enterprise Architecture EA and Other Governance Instruments Module 2.1 Outline ▪ General Management Standards ▪ IT Management Standards ▪ EA’s Role and Context in Each Standard 3 How Does EA Fit Here?...

MSYS 50: Enterprise Architecture EA and Other Governance Instruments Module 2.1 Outline ▪ General Management Standards ▪ IT Management Standards ▪ EA’s Role and Context in Each Standard 3 How Does EA Fit Here? Image Source: Lankhorst, M., Enterprise Architecture at Work: Modelling, Communication and Analysis, 4e. 2017 4 Relevant Business- and IT-Related Standards ▪ Balanced Scorecard ▪ Business Model Canvas ▪ Business Architecture ▪ European Foundation for Quality Management ▪ ISO 9001 5 Strategic Management ▪ Kaplan and Norton (1992): financial measures are inadequate ▪ Balanced Scorecard (BSC) clarifies vision & strategy ▫ Customer ▫ Financial ▫ Internal Business Processes ▫ Learning and Growth ▪ Three-layered structure for each perspective ▫ Mission ▫ Objectives ▫ Measures ▪ EA especially useful in last two perspectives 6 Business Model Development ▪ Business Model Canvas (Osterwalder and Pigneur 2010) ▫ Provides template to create high-level description of new or existing business models ▪ 7 parts ▪ Intuitive layout ▪ Often used during brainstorming sessions ▪ Many canvas elements can be translated to EA models 7 Example of Business Model Canvas for Automobile Insurance Image Source: Lankhorst, M., Enterpr ise Architecture at Work: Modelling, C ommunication and Analysis, 4e. 2017 8 Business Architecture ▪ Blueprint that provides common understanding of organization; used to align strategic objectives and tactical demands ▪ Business-oriented abstraction to help translate strategy into action ▪ Business Model Canvas could serve as major input ▪ Capability-based planning ▫ Focus on what (current and desired capabilities) before how ▪ Business architecture domain important in broader EA scope 9 Quality Management ▪ European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) is an important framework ▪ Broader scope than ISO 9001 ▪ Benchmarks organizational performance with best practices ▪ Provides principles, measures, and indicators for assessing performance of organization à becomes basis of continuous learning, innovation, improvement ▪ Complements BSC 10 EFQM Criteria for Excellence EA important instrument in ▪ Policy & Strategy ▪ Processes Image Source: Lankhorst, M., Enterprise Architecture at Work : Modelling, Communication and Analysis, 4e. 2017 11 ISO 9001:2000 ▪ Outlines criteria for a good quality management system (QMS) ▪ QMS designed and documented to control how processes are performed ▪ Product realization: business processes that realize company’s product/service ▪ Key processes: those that affect product/service quality ▪ Once QMS is installed, audit may be requested for certification ▪ EA helps conform to ISO 9001 on process identification and documentation 12 IT Governance ▪ COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology) ▪ IT control framework that aims to bridge gaps in business risks, control needs, and technical issues ▪ Also provides ▫ Critical success factors for achieving optimal control over IT processes and key goal indicators ▫ Maturity model for IT governance, similar to CMMI ▪ EA a natural complement to COBIT ▫ EA focuses on business & IT structures and processes, COBIT on how IT should be organized 13 IT Delivery and Support ▪ IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) widely accepted best practices in IT service delivery ▪ Comprised of documents that give guidance on provision of good IT services ▪ Broad groups of processes ▫ Service delivery ▫ Service support ▪ Complementary: COBIT’s control objectives tell what to do, ITIL explains how ▪ EA provides clear understanding of IT, infrastructure, business processes à crucial to ITIL’s focus on management of IT assets 14 IT Implementation ▪ Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) enables assessment of maturity of software engineering processes; also provides key practices to help increase maturity ▪ In 2000, upgraded from SW-CMM with expanded scope ▪ Five maturity levels ▪ EA provides context, constraints, and guidelines for individual software projects ▫ EA especially useful from Level 3 and beyond 15