Medical Terminology for Pharmacists - PPH 101 - Part III PDF

Pharmacy Orientation and Medical Terminology PPH 101 Medical Terminology for Pharmacists Part III Mohamed E. K. Amin, BSc Pharm, MS, PhD 1  Learning Objectives 1. Recognize and understand basic medical terms 2. Iden...

Pharmacy Orientation and Medical Terminology PPH 101 Medical Terminology for Pharmacists Part III Mohamed E. K. Amin, BSc Pharm, MS, PhD 1  Learning Objectives 1. Recognize and understand basic medical terms 2. Identify and decipher medical abbreviations 3. Spell and pronounce basic medical terminology 4. Analyze medical terms using the knowledge of word roots, suffixes and prefixes gained in the course 5. Relate classroom understanding of medical terminology to real-life applications 2 Prefix, Root, and Suffix Most medical terms are built from component parts, called word prefixes roots suffixes 3 Prefix, Root, and Suffix The root is the base component of the word, which is modified by the addition of a prefix or suffix. The same root may have different meanings!! The root Scler- is a combining form used like a prefix to mean “hard” or as a form of sclera, the white outer layer of the eyeball. Consider the word context!! Compound words: A compound word may consist of two word roots, such as in the case of urogenital relating to both the urinary and genital organs. 4 Roots Root Meaning(s) abdomin/o abdomen aden/o gland adip/o fat amnio amnion andr/o male; man angi/o vessel aque/o watery arteri/o artery arteriol/o arteriole arthr/o joint 5 Examples Angiography: An Abdominoplasty: cosmetic examination of blood vessels surgery of the abdomen via radiographic study Aqueous solution A solution in which water is the solvent Adenoma: Benign tumor of Arteriosclerosis Thickening, glandular tissue and hardening of arterial walls Adiponectin: a hormone Arterioles: small blood vessels adipose/fat tissue releases that that carry blood from heart, are helps with insulin sensitivity connectors between arteries and Amniotic fluid: a liquid that capillaries. surrounds the fetus Arthritis swelling and Androgens sex hormones tenderness of one or more joints contribute to body development All genders make androgens, but males make more of them Roots Root Meaning(s) calc/i calcium capnia carbon dioxide carcin/o cancer cardi/o heart carp/o wrist bones cephal/o head cerebr/o cerebrum cirrh/o yellow chol/e bile; gall bladder cholangi/o bile duct cholecyst/o gall bladder 7 Examples Cerebrovascular diseases Hypercalciuria excess Conditions affecting blood vessels calcium in the urine in the brain Hypocapnia: abnormally low Liver Cirrhosis Fibrosis carbon dioxide in the blood (damage) of liver Carcinogen: Cancer causing osis = abnormal condition suffix gen=producing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) pressure on a wrist nerve Cholecystectomy Surgical removal of the gall bladder Cholangiocarcinoma bile duct cancer Cephalohematoma blood collecting between a newborn's scalp and skull Roots Root Meaning(s) chondr/o cartilage coagul/o clotting cochle/o cochlea col/o colon colp/o vagina (sheath) conjuctiv/o conjunctiva cor/o; coron/o heart corne/o cornea cost/o rib crani/o cranium; skull 9 Examples Conjunctivitis: Chondromalacia: Softening Conjunctiva inflammation of the cartilage Corneal ulcer a sore on Coagulopathy cornea Pathy: disease either excessive bleeding or clotting Cochlear implant surgery Coronary Angioplasty a A small electronic device that electrically surgery to widen blocked coronary arteries stimulates cochlear nerve (hearing nerve) Colitis is a chronic Intercostal pertaining to inflammation of the colon. between ribs Colpotomy incision that is made Cranial Nerves in the wall of the vagina Roots Root Meaning(s) cry/o cold cut/o; cuti; cutane/o skin cyan/o blue cyst/o bladder; sac‫كيس‬ cyt/o cell dacry/o tears dent tooth derm/o; dermat/o skin dipl/o two; double dips/o thirst 11  Examples Dacryocystitis: Cryotherapy use of extreme inflammation of the cold to freeze abnormal tissue nasolacrimal sac Dental floss Subcutaneous: Pertaining to Dermatologist: Specialist in below the skin the study of diseases of the skin Cyanosis bluish skin Diplopia double vision Cystitis inflammation of bladder Lymphocytopenia lymph/o = lymph Polydipsia: Condition of cyt/o = cell excessive thirst penia = decreased number poly = many or excessive An abnormally reduced dips/o = thirst number of lymphocytes ia = condition of Roots Root Meaning(s) duoden/o duodenum dur/a dura mater electr/o electricity embry/o embryo encephal/o brain enter/o intestines eosin/o; erythr/o red epididym/o epididymis episi/o vulva esophag/o esophagus 13 Examples Gastroenteritis Inflammation Duodenectomy: Surgical of the lining of stomach and removal (excision) of all or part intestines. of the duodenum. Epidural: Pertaining to above the dura mater Erythrocyte Red blood cells (RBCs) Epididymal cyst a harmless Electrolytes body minerals fluid-filled sac on a testicle that have an electric charge Episiotomy a cut (incision) Embryology science of the made between vaginal opening formation & development of and anus during childbirth embryo Esophagoscopy Encephalopathy brain disease, damage, or malfunction. a procedure of looking Hepatic encephalopathy?! inside esophagus. Roots Root Meaning(s) esthesi/o sensation fasci/o fascia femor/o femur fet/o; fet/i fetus fibul/o fibula fund/o fundus gastr/o stomach gingiv/o gums glauc/o silver; gray gli/o nerve cell glomerul/o glomerulus 15 Examples Funduscopic examination: Anesthesia: controlled, uses a magnifying lens and a light temporary loss of sensation to check eye fundus Plantar fasciitis inflammation of plantar fascia Glaucoma a progressive condition that damages eye's optic nerve Glioblastoma Gli: Nerve cell Femoral vein a large vein in Blast: germ or bud the thigh Oma: condition Fetal position an aggressive cancer that can occur in the brain or spinal cord Fibular fracture Glomerular filtration first step in making urine (break)