Leadership & Management Study Notes PDF

2 types of Goal 1. Individual Goal- personal goal; base on desire in life 2. Organizational Goal -- "your success is also our success" 7 Resources 1. Men -- may manipulate. Human resources that are needed to achieve the goals. 2. Money -- financial factor. 3. Machinery -- Things we ne...

2 types of Goal 1. Individual Goal- personal goal; base on desire in life 2. Organizational Goal -- "your success is also our success" 7 Resources 1. Men -- may manipulate. Human resources that are needed to achieve the goals. 2. Money -- financial factor. 3. Machinery -- Things we need to survive. Devices of the organization. 4. Material -- physical resources that is used in. 5. Methods -- Technique, methodology. Integrated in the subject intention to have a quality education to come up with different principles of reasoning. Example, communication of clinical instructor to students. 6. Moment -- (time) very important. Time management 7. Manager -- Teacher. Assumed to the role. Theories of principles - Foundation/basis - Enrich our knowledge in acquiring our goal. Effective and Efficient - Maximize the resources. Goal Setting - Powerful process for thinking about the ideal future, and for motivating oneself, the group or the organization to turn this vision of future into reality. Process of setting goal - Individual or group organization on where to go. Useful ways of making goals 1. Specific 2. Measurable 3. Attainable 4. Relevant 5. Timebound 6. Efficient and Effective 7. Rewarding Leadership - Sets of a new direction or vision for a group to follow. - Doing the right thing - Influence others for the goal setting - Authoritative - Power vested by a group Management - Controls or directs people or resources in a group according to principles and values that have already been established by a group or organization - Doing things right - Appointed officially - Power vested by organization - Implements predetermined goals, rules, and policies. Leader -- for the interest of a group related to new ideas. Manager -- measures risk to be taken in line with expectation results to become orderly controlled performance in attaining a goal. Difference Leader -- goal oriented - Aggressive - Rewarded by personal achievement - May not be as successful as the manager Manager -- control - Rewarded organizational missions or goal - Always a manager as long as there's an appointment by the organization Several pointers to lead the group as a leader LEADERSHIP PATH 1. Begin with yourself 2. Know how to lead 3. Apply it yourself 4. Evaluate your gains and reflect on the losses 5. Change yourself *Definitions* **Leadership** is a social influence or a person's ability to move other people to act. **Roberts, 2000** -- A privilege to have the responsibility to direct the actions of others at varying levels of authority and with accountability to both successful and failed endeavors. **Stogdill, 2004** -- The process of influencing the activities of an organize group in each effort toward goal setting and goal achievement. **Gardner, 1993 --** A means of persuasion and example by which an individual induces a group to take action in accord with the purpose common to everyone. **Merton, 1969** -- a process by which one inspires others to work together in the achievement of a common mission and goal, a social transaction. **Adair, 2003** -- Vital ingredients that transforms a mere crowd into a functional and useful organization. **Attributes of a Leader** Lead, love learn Enthusiastic, Energetic Assertive, Achiever Dedicated, Desirous Effective and Efficient Responsible, Respectful Dimensions of Leadership - Adopted to Merton definition a. Leader b. Follower c. Situation Different Aspect d. Communication process e. Goal Fellowship, an interpersonal process of participation. 3 things to consider 1. Direction 2. Trust 3. Hope Nursing Leadership -- a process in which the nurse influences one or more people to achieve specific goals in provision of nursing care of one or more patients. 3 Questions 1. Who leaders are 2. What leaders do 3. What leaders know 5 Types of Followers 1. Alienated -- independent, critical yet passive in their behavior, resulting in the psychological and emotional distance with their behavior. 2. Sheep -- followers and dependent and uncritical. They simply do as they are told by their leader. 3. Yes people -- dependent and uncritical but very active in their behavior. They reinforce the idea with enthusiasm. 4. Survivors -- least disruptive and lowest risk followers, they are perpetually sampling the win. "Better to say than sorry" 5. Effective follower -- self-leaders and do not require close supervision. Leaders can't exist without a good follower. 4 Essential Qualities of a Follower 1. Self-management -- can work well without close supervision. 2. Commitment -- committed beyond something 3. Competence and Focus -- On mastering skills. 4. Courage -- Independent, critical thinkers, and fight for your right. Different elements of Leadership/Core Element of Nursing Leadership 1. Vision, provides direction to the influence. 2. Influence, ability to obtain followers. 3. Power, ability to efficiently and effectively exercise authority and control through personal, organizational, and social strength. 4. Authority, right to expect or secure compliance. Being back by legitimacy. Right to decide and command. 5. Responsibility, Corresponding obligations to do assigned granted authority. Proficient enough. a. Individual responsibility, proficiency in job. b. Organizational responsibility, collective organizational accountability as a whole. 6. Accountability, assures all actions done. Styles of Leaderships 1. Autocratic - The classical approach. - Autocratic leader rely on threats and punishment to influence others. - Under this, nursing staff is motivated by rewards and punishment. - It is one in which the nurse leader manager retains as much power and decision-making authority as possible. 2. Democratic - Also called the participative style it encourages employees to be part of the decision-making. 3. Bureaucratic - Where the nurse leader-manager manages "by the book", everything must be done according to procedure or policy. If it is not covered by the book, the nurse leader-manager refers to the next level above her. In a bureaucratic nurse leader-manager is really more of a police officer than a leader. She enforces rules. 4. Laissez-faire - Also known as "hands-off" or "permissive style". - Little or no direction from the leader and the nursing staff has as much freedom as possible. Factors 1. Type of organization 2. Type of work involved 3. Level of experience and skills of the team 4. Personality of the leader Difference between formal and informal leader Formal -- appointed, elected, designated, deliberately choose by administration. Informal -- does not have official sanctions to direct the activities of others chosen by the group. **Different Theories and Model in Leadership in Nursing** **Early Leadership Theories** 1. Trait Theories - Focused on leader traits.